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Article Abstract
Study Objective: To determine whether adding ephedrine to propofol is as effective as adding lidocaine at reducing injection pain, and its effects on hemodynamics.
Design: Randomized, double-blinded, controlled trial.
Setting: District general hospital in the United Kingdom.
Patients: 156 adult, ASA physical status I, II, and III patients undergoing elective or emergency general anesthesia.
Interventions: Patients were randomized to one of three groups to receive one mL of 1% lidocaine per 20 mL of 1% propofol (Group L), 15 mg of ephedrine per 20 mL of propofol (Group E15), or 30 mg of ephedrine per 20 mL of propofol (Group E30).
Measurements And Main Results: Pain on injection, heart rate, and blood pressure at one-minute intervals for ten minutes were recorded. There was no significant difference in injection pain among groups. Group E30 had the least amount of hemodynamic change.
Conclusion: Adding 30 mg of ephedrine to 20 mL of 1% propofol is as effective as adding lidocaine in preventing injection pain, and it results in a more stable hemodynamic profile.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinane.2008.06.018 | DOI Listing |
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