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The treatment of solid waste is currently one of the major environmental problems facing municipalities. Thousands of tonnes of waste are generated each day, requiring a large area for disposal purposes. It is difficult to find suitable areas for the construction of such sanitary landfills as numerous criteria must be met, and landfill sites vary considerably in terms of their sophistication. The selection criteria for landfill sites should be as simple as possible, and with this in mind, we have evaluated a large number of random cases for the suitability of the site for landfill purposes using the recently advocated fuzzy approach. Using the fuzzy classification, we have attempted to develop a simple classification which uses only certain point values for available attributes. A normalized average of such attributes based on the proposed classifier is further evaluated using additionally generated random data sets. The results appear to be encouraging and indicate that the present classifier can be used as a substitute for the fuzzy-based ranking of landfill sites.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-007-9713-3 | DOI Listing |
BMC Womens Health
September 2025
Jhpiego, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Background: Evidence from multiple pilots and post-introduction scale-up initiatives have demonstrated that self-administered subcutaneous depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA-SC) has potential to improve contraceptive continuation rates and expand contraceptive access to populations with limited utilization of facility-based health services. Only a few of these studies have been conducted in South Asian countries, and none where most contraceptive use is of non-hormonal methods that require limited to no contact with the health system, leaving policymakers in countries like Pakistan with limited context-specific evidence to guide decisions on whether, how, and for whom to introduce DMPA-SC.
Methods: A prospective cohort study will be conducted in 41 health facilities and surrounding communities in Punjab, Pakistan.
Waste Manag
September 2025
Department of Earth and Environment Sciences, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Canada.
We measured emissions from ten landfills using mobile surveys and Surface Emission Monitoring (SEM) to determine what fraction of emissions can be identified by SEM surveys. SEM is commonly used for regulatory compliance and leak detection at specific locations. However, evolving regulations emphasize the need to manage methane emissions from the entire landfill site, and the suitability of SEM for this objective remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaterials (Basel)
August 2025
School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China.
Bentonite materials are extensively used in cutoff walls at landfill sites. This study calculates the stress and permeability characteristics of bentonite materials using the piezocone penetration test (CPTU) and ABAQUS simulations. The lateral effective stress of bentonite materials is evaluated using arching models, lateral squeezing models, and a modified lateral squeezing model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Phytoremediation
August 2025
Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
Tannery solid waste poses significant environmental challenges owing to its high metal content, especially Cr. Converting this waste into value-added byproduct biochar offers a sustainable management approach to reducing the waste load on landfill sites and also guarding the nearby fauna, flora and water bodies. This study aimed to develop metal-resistant microbial consortium loaded biochar (MCLB) by inoculating tannery solid waste biochar (BC) with consortium of ten and/or five strains and their effect was evaluated on the morphological and biochemical attributes of sunflowers including metals immobilization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWaste Manag Res
August 2025
Department of Urban Regeneration, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Türkiye.
Landfills play a crucial role in municipal solid waste management and exhibit extreme surface thermal activity due to various physical and chemical processes occurring within these sites. Although previous studies emphasize the need for monitoring post-closure landfills due to ongoing subsurface activity, there is a lack of research utilizing high-resolution land surface temperature (LST) data for this purpose. Addressing this gap, the present study investigates the thermal behaviour of two landfill sites in Istanbul, Türkiye - an active site (Kömürcüoda) and a closed site (Odayeri) - using machine learning (ML)-based downscaling techniques.
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