Global and local origins of trial-to-trial spike count variability in visual cortex.

Sensory neuron spiking responses vary across repeated presentations of the same stimuli, but whether this trial-to-trial variability represents noise versus unidentified signals remains unresolved. Some of the variability can be attributed to correlations between neural activity and arousal, locomotion, and other overt movements. We hypothesized that correlations with global activity factors, i.

EnrichSci: Transcript-guided Targeted Cell Enrichment for Scalable Single-Cell RNA Sequencing.

Large-scale single-cell atlas efforts have revealed many aging- or disease-associated cell types, yet these populations are often underrepresented in heterogeneous tissues, limiting detailed molecular and dynamic analyses. To address this, we developed EnrichSci-a highly scalable, microfluidics-free platform that combines Hybridization Chain Reaction RNA FISH with combinatorial indexing to profile single-nucleus transcriptomes of targeted cell types with full gene-body coverage. When applied to profile oligodendrocytes in the aging mouse brain, EnrichSci uncovered aging-associated molecular dynamics across distinct oligodendrocyte subtypes, revealing both shared and subtype-specific gene expression changes.

Uncovering Convergent Cell State Dynamics Across Divergent Genetic Perturbations Through Single-Cell High-Content CRISPR Screening.

High-throughput genomic studies have uncovered associations between diverse genetic alterations and disease phenotypes; however, elucidating how perturbations in functionally disparate genes give rise to convergent cellular states remains challenging. Here, we present PerturbFate, a high-throughput, cost-effective, combinatorial-indexing single-cell platform that enables systematic interrogation of massively parallel CRISPR perturbations across the full spectrum of gene regulation, from chromatin remodeling and nascent transcription to steady-state transcriptomic phenotypes. Using PerturbFate, we profiled over 300,000 cultured melanoma cells to characterize multi-modal phenotypic and gene regulatory responses to perturbations in more than 140 Vemurafenib resistance-associated genes.

Organism-wide cellular dynamics and epigenomic remodeling in mammalian aging.

Aging leads to functional decline across tissues, often accompanied by profound changes in cellular composition and cell-intrinsic molecular states. However, a comprehensive catalog of how the population of individual cell types change with age and the associated epigenomic dynamics is lacking. Here, we constructed a single-cell chromatin accessibility atlas consisting of ~7 million cells from 21 tissue types spanning three age groups in both sexes.

Sensory Reweighting Revealed by Superior Parietal Cortex-Based Functional Connectivity in Chronic Ankle Instability: A Resting-State fMRI Study.

Purpose: Individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI) are believed to rely more heavily on visual input during postural control due to impaired somatosensory function; however, the neural mechanisms underlying sensory reweighting in CAI are not well understood. This study explored the neural and behavioral correlates of increased visual reliance in CAI through functional connectivity (FC) analysis.

Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 37 patients with CAI and 36 healthy individuals.

The role of novel biomarkers in the early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Early detection of pancreatic cancer is essential for improving survival rates. However, noninvasive diagnostic methods are lacking. Novel biomarkers, detectable through liquid biopsy, such as circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), microRNAs (miRNAs), protein markers, and metabolites, hold promise for early diagnosis.

Recovering the Ionic Conductivity of Oxygen-Doped LiInClO Electrolyte through Heat Treatment: Reconstructing the Structure Damaged by Moisture.

Metal halide solid-state electrolytes, especially oxyhalides, possess a broad electrochemical stability window, optimized interfacial compatibility, and suitability for high-voltage cathode materials, making them promising candidates for next-generation all-solid-state lithium metal batteries (ASSBs). However, their commercialization is still hindered by several critical technical challenges, especially the significant moisture sensitivity. In this study, the damage to the structure and electrochemical performance of Li3.

Genomic analysis of 11,555 probands identifies 60 dominant congenital heart disease genes.

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a leading cause of infant mortality. We analyzed de novo mutations (DNMs) and very rare transmitted/unphased damaging variants in 248 prespecified genes in 11,555 CHD probands. The results identified 60 genes with a significant burden of heterozygous damaging variants.

Recessive genetic contribution to congenital heart disease in 5,424 probands.

Variants with large effect contribute to congenital heart disease (CHD). To date, recessive genotypes (RGs) have commonly been implicated through anecdotal ascertainment of consanguineous families and candidate gene-based analysis; the recessive contribution to the broad range of CHD phenotypes has been limited. We analyzed whole exome sequences of 5,424 CHD probands.

Exploring the Relationship Between Thymosin β4 Protein and First Myocardial Infarction on the Basis of Proteomics.

Background: Plasma protein alterations may occur in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). In this study, we investigated the plasma proteomics of patients with first-onset AMI to identify a novel diagnostic target for myocardial infarction.

Methods: Using a case-control design, we recruited 6 patients with first-onset AMI and 6 age- and sex-matched healthy controls.

Chromatin mimicry by human JC virus.

Chronically persistent viruses are integral components of the organismal ecosystem in humans and animals . Many of these viruses replicate and accumulate within the cell nucleus . The nuclear location allows viruses to evade cytoplasmic host viral sensors and promotes viral replication .

A panoramic view of cell population dynamics in mammalian aging.

To elucidate aging-associated cellular population dynamics, we present PanSci, a single-cell transcriptome atlas profiling >20 million cells from 623 mouse tissues across different life stages, sexes, and genotypes. This comprehensive dataset reveals >3000 different cellular states and >200 aging-associated cell populations. Our panoramic analysis uncovered organ-, lineage-, and sex-specific shifts in cellular dynamics during life-span progression.

Aspirin and Celecoxib Regulate Notch1/Hes1 Pathway to Prevent Pressure Overload-Induced Myocardial Hypertrophy.

This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the protective effects of cyclooxygenase (cox) inhibitors against myocardial hypertrophy.Rat H9c2 cardiomyocytes were induced by mechanical stretching. SD rats underwent transverse aortic constriction to induce pressure overload myocardial hypertrophy.

Difference in the Effect of Applying to Control Tomato Verticillium Wilt in Black and Red Soil.

In practical applications, the effectiveness of biological control agents such as is often unstable due to different soil environments. Herein, we aimed to explore the control effect and intrinsic mechanism of in black soil and red soil in combination with tomato Verticillium wilt. application effectively controlled the occurrence of Verticillium wilt in red soil, reducing the incidence by 19.

A Panoramic View of Cell Population Dynamics in Mammalian Aging.

To elucidate the aging-associated cellular population dynamics throughout the body, here we present PanSci, a single-cell transcriptome atlas profiling over 20 million cells from 623 mouse tissue samples, encompassing a range of organs across different life stages, sexes, and genotypes. This comprehensive dataset allowed us to identify more than 3,000 unique cellular states and catalog over 200 distinct aging-associated cell populations experiencing significant depletion or expansion. Our panoramic analysis uncovered temporally structured, organ- and lineage-specific shifts of cellular dynamics during lifespan progression.

Dielectric Properties of Benzocyclobutene-Based Resin: A Molecular Dynamics Study.

Benzocyclobutene (BCB)-based resins have garnered considerable attention because of their remarkable dielectric properties and thermal stability. However, in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, progress in BCB-based resin research has yet to keep pace with experimental advancements, resulting in a shortage of theoretical underpinnings at the molecular level. This study focuses on a novel homopolymer, poly(2-(4-benzocyclobutenyl)-divinylbenzene(DVB-S-BCB)), and devises an interactive methodology suitable for BCB-based resins.

A global view of aging and Alzheimer's pathogenesis-associated cell population dynamics and molecular signatures in human and mouse brains.

Conventional methods fall short in unraveling the dynamics of rare cell types related to aging and diseases. Here we introduce EasySci, an advanced single-cell combinatorial indexing strategy for exploring age-dependent cellular dynamics in the mammalian brain. Profiling approximately 1.

Tracking cell-type-specific temporal dynamics in human and mouse brains.

Progenitor cells are critical in preserving organismal homeostasis, yet their diversity and dynamics in the aged brain remain underexplored. We introduced TrackerSci, a single-cell genomic method that combines newborn cell labeling and combinatorial indexing to characterize the transcriptome and chromatin landscape of proliferating progenitor cells in vivo. Using TrackerSci, we investigated the dynamics of newborn cells in mouse brains across various ages and in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.

Long-term proton pump inhibitors use and its association with premalignant gastric lesions: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Long-term maintenance therapy with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) is a common treatment strategy for acid-related gastrointestinal diseases. However, concerns have been raised about the potential increased risk of gastric cancer and related precancerous lesions with long-term PPI use. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate this potential risk.

New Clues to Cardiovascular Disease: Erythrocyte Lifespan.

Determination of erythrocyte lifespan is an important part of the diagnosis of hemolytic diseases. Recent studies have revealed alterations in erythrocyte lifespan among patients with various cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerotic coronary heart disease, hypertension, and heart failure. This review summarizes the progress of research on erythrocyte lifespan in cardiovascular diseases.

Revealing the alloying and dealloying behaviours in AuAg nanorods by thermal stimulus.

Binary metallic nanocrystals are attractive as they offer an extra degree of freedom for structure and phase modulation to generate synergistic effects and extraordinary properties. However, whether the binary structures and phases at the nanoscale still follow the rules established on the bulk counterparts remains unclear. In this work, AuAg nanorods were used as a sample to probe into this issue.

Novel Quasi-Liquid K-Na Alloy as a Promising Dendrite-Free Anode for Rechargeable Potassium Metal Batteries.

Rechargeable potassium metal batteries are promising energy storage devices with potentially high energy density and markedly low cost. However, eliminating dendrite growth and achieving a stable electrode/electrolyte interface are the key challenges to tackle. Herein, a novel "quasi-liquid" potassium-sodium alloy (KNA) anode comprising only 3.

Zi Qi Decoction Alleviates Liver Fibrosis by Inhibiting the Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4)-Related Nuclear Factor kappa b (NF-κB) and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Signaling Pathways.

BACKGROUND Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) play a vital role in hepatic fibrogenesis. Our recent clinical study indicated that the Zi Qi decoction, a Traditional Chinese Medicine formula, exhibited good efficacy in alleviating liver fibrosis, but the underlying mechanism remains elusive. MATERIAL AND METHODS Rats repeatedly injected with CCl₄ and cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide were used as in vivo and in vitro models for liver fibrosis, respectively.