Preparation of stir bars coated with N-modified COFs and application to estrogen detection in dairy products.

This study synthesized three covalent organic frameworks (COFs): TAPB-TA-COF, TAPP-TA-COF, and TAPT-TA-COF, with increasing N atom content, under low-energy consumption conditions at room temperature. These COFs were applied in stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) of estrogens. TAPT-TA-COF, possessing the highest N-atom density, exhibited superior extraction efficiency due to enhanced π-π interactions and hydrogen bonding with estrogen molecules.

Oxygen Availability Governs the Mitigating Effect of 3,4-Dimethylpyrazole Phosphate on Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Paddy Soils under Various Water Managements.

Alternate wetting and drying (AWD) frequently triggers nitrous oxide (NO) emissions from paddy fields, while the inhibitory effect of 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) on NO under various water managements remains uncertain. Here, we evaluated the effects of DMPP on NO emissions and associated biological indicators under three water managements: continuous flooding (CF), mild AWD (Mi-AWD), and moderate AWD (Mo-AWD). The Mi-AWD and Mo-AWD practices increased NO emissions by 2- and 0.

Prediction-based rapid force control of a single-acting pneumatic cylinder under hysteresis nonlinearity.

Hysteresis characteristics widely affects the performance and reliability of pneumatic systems across various industrial applications. Addressing this challenge can significantly enhance system efficiency and precision. This paper aims to develop a rapid and accurate method for controlling the actuating force of a Single-Acting Pneumatic Cylinder (SAPC), considering hysteresis characteristic.

The Relationship Between Boredom and Smartphone Addiction Before and After the Outbreak of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Prior research has explored the relationship between boredom and smartphone addiction (SPA), but significant discrepancies remain. Moreover, the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic may have altered this association. Thus, this meta-analysis aims to clarify the true relationship between boredom and SPA, while also analyzing potential moderating factors.

AttCON: With better MSAs and attention mechanism for accurate protein contact map prediction.

Protein contact map prediction is a critical and vital step in protein structure prediction, and its accuracy is highly contingent upon the feature representations of protein sequence information and the efficacy of deep learning models. In this paper, we propose an algorithm, DeepMSA+, to generate protein multiple sequence alignments (MSAs) and to construct feature representations based on co-evolutionary information and sequence information derived from MSAs. We also propose an improved deep learning model, AttCON, for training input features to predict protein contact map.

Correction to "Review of Advances in the Utilization of Biochar-Derived Catalysts for Biodiesel Production".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07909.

Review of Advances in the Utilization of Biochar-Derived Catalysts for Biodiesel Production.

Biochar, obtained from the thermal decomposition of different biomass sources, can be used in various scientific technologies by virtue of its distinguishing performance. Recent developments in advanced biochar synthesis methods have led to continuous growth in the literature related to bulk biochar products and synthesized biochar substrates. This review specifically summarizes the current advanced methods for the synthesis of functional biochar catalysts and applications in (trans)esterification.

Exploiting the Waste Biomass of Durian Shell as a Heterogeneous Catalyst for Biodiesel Production at Room Temperature.

Durian shell, a biomass waste, was simply burned and then could serve as a heterogeneous catalyst for the transesterification reaction of palm oil with methanol at room temperature. The chemical composition, structure, and morphology of the catalyst were well-characterized by XRD, BET, SEM, TEM, EDS, TGA, FT-IR, and XPS measurement. With the preparation temperature rising to 350 °C, the maximum yield of the biodiesel could reach 94.

Fast Gelation of Poly(ionic liquid)-Based Injectable Antibacterial Hydrogels.

Traditional antibacterial hydrogels have a broad-spectrum bactericidal effect and are widely used as wound dressings. However, the biological toxicity and drug resistance of these antibacterial hydrogels cannot meet the requirements of long-term clinical application. Imidazolium poly(ionic liquids) (PILs) are polymeric antibacterial agents exhibiting strong antibacterial properties, as they contain a strong positive charge.

Biomimetic Nonuniform, Dual-Stimuli Self-Morphing Enabled by Gradient Four-Dimensional Printing.

Programmable nonuniform deformation is of great significance for self-shape-morphing systems that are commonly seen in biological systems and also has practical applications in drug delivery, biomedical devices and robotics, etc. Here, we present a novel gradient four-dimensional (4D) printing method toward biomimetic nonuniform, dual-stimuli self-morphing. By modeling and printing graded active materials with water swelling properties, we can configure continuously smooth gradients of volume fraction of the active material in bilayer structures.

A study on the tubular composite with tunable compression mechanical behavior inspired by wood cell.

Biological materials have fascinating mechanical properties built up from simple basic material blocks. It is worthwhile to learn how biological materials are constructed, and to apply the knowledge in advanced manufacturing, and to realize new materials by design. In this study, we chose the tubular cell in the soft wood as a biological prototype, and tried to mimic its intelligent construction principle to regulate the compression mechanical behavior through the helical structure.

Demonstration of a thermo-optic phase shifter by utilizing high-Q resonance in high-index-contrast grating.

A thermo-optic phase shifter is proposed and demonstrated by utilizing the high-Q resonance in high-index-contrast grating (HCG). The Q-factor up to ∼12000 is measured in a footprint of 110  μm×300  μm. By heating the HCG with paired metal strip micro-heaters, the optical resonance shifts, which induces phase modulation.

Blueprint for Large-Scale Silicon Optical Phased Array Using Electro-Optical Micro-Ring Pixels.

We propose a modularized architecture of a large-scale optical phased array (OPA) on a silicon on insulator (SOI) platform, using electro-optical (EO) pixels. Each pixel contains a directional coupler, a micro-ring phase shifter, and a grating optical antenna, on a compact configuration of area 50 μm × 50 μm, with optical and electrical interconnections. Moreover, we present an exemplary blueprint of an OPA consisting of 32 × 32 EO pixels, which sets the width of the main lobe as 0.

Role of 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) in mediating heavy metal and pesticide induced oxidative stress in plants: A review.

Industrialization and urbanization have posed serious threats to the environment. Excessive release of heavy metals from industrial effluents and overuse of pesticides in modern agriculture are limiting crop production by polluting environment and deteriorating food quality. Sustaining food quality under heavy metals and pesticide stress is crucial to meet the increasing demands for food.

Process Parameter Optimization of Extrusion-Based 3D Metal Printing Utilizing PW-LDPE-SA Binder System.

Recently, with a broadening range of available materials and alteration of feeding processes, several extrusion-based 3D printing processes for metal materials have been developed. An emerging process is applicable for the fabrication of metal parts into electronics and composites. In this paper, some critical parameters of extrusion-based 3D printing processes were optimized by a series of experiments with a melting extrusion printer.

Changing roles of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and archaea in a continuously acidifying soil caused by over-fertilization with nitrogen.

Nitrification coupled with nitrate leaching contributes to soil acidification. However, little is known about the effect of soil acidification on nitrification, especially on ammonia oxidation that is the rate-limiting step of nitrification and performed by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA). Serious soil acidification occurs in Chinese greenhouses due to the overuse of N-fertilizer.

Morphological and confocal laser scanning microscopic investigations of the adductor muscle-shell interface in scallop.

The challenge of joining dissimilar advanced materials has led researchers around the world to search for new and more efficient solutions. This way, we can highlight the muscle-shell attachment in mollusk, which possessed high strength and toughness. In order to make clear how this "bi-material interface" derives its superior mechanical properties, the morphological features of the adductor muscle scar in Patinopecten yessoensis was investigated by means of confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM).

Functional analysis of β-amyrin synthase gene in ginsenoside biosynthesis by RNA interference.

Down-regulation of β-amyrin synthase gene expression by RNA interference led to reduced levels of β-amyrin and oleanane-type ginsenoside as well as up-regulation of dammarane-type ginsenoside level. In the biosynthetic pathway of ginsenosides, β-amyrin synthase catalyzes the reaction from oxidosqualene to β-amyrin, the proposed aglycone of oleanane-type saponins. Here, RNAi was employed to evaluate the role of this gene in ginsenoside biosynthesis of Panax ginseng hairy roots.