Meta-Analyses of Auditory Evoked Potentials as Alzheimer Biomarkers.

Objectives: Alterations in auditory evoked potential (AEP) parameters have been associated with sensory memory deficits and may serve as biomarkers for cognitive decline. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of AEPs in the early detection of Alzheimer disease (AD).

Design: The systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines.

Adrenocortical carcinoma survival gene HMMR was identified as being targeted by fluorouracil and epirubicin using a gene coexpression network-based drug repositioning strategy.

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC), with poor prognosis, is one of the most aggressive endocrine cancers. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment; nevertheless, chemotherapy is usually needed. Mitotane, the medication licenced for ACC, has had mixed results.

Longitudinal Trends in Racial and Gender Representation among Academic Faculty: A Systematic Review.

Despite ongoing efforts to improve faculty diversity, systemic barriers have historically marginalized racial and ethnic minorities, particularly women, in academic positions. This systematic review addresses a critical gap in the literature by synthesizing longitudinal trends in the racial and gender composition of academic faculty, shedding light on the evolution of these disparities over time. The review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines, with a systematic search of five databases (Sociological Abstracts, APA PsycINFO, CINAHL, Gender Studies Database, and MEDLINE) conducted between 2014 and July 2024 without language restrictions.

"Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-exosomes) in hematology: From mechanisms to clinical breakthroughs".

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) offer promising therapy because they regulate the immune system and help repair tissues. However, challenges such as low cell survival rates, immune rejection, and ethical concerns related to their clinical use have limited their widespread application. To overcome these limitations, MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-EXOs) have emerged as an innovative and promising cell-free therapeutic strategy.

Reaction Time, Speech Recognition, and Verbal Memory Performance: Nonnative Versus Native English Speakers.

Purpose: Previous studies have debated differences in spoken language processing between nonnative and native English speakers, often yielding varying and sometimes contradictory results. To address these discrepancies, we employed a comprehensive battery of tasks to compare auditory, speech, and memory processing between nonnative and native English language speakers (NELS).

Method: The study included 70 university students aged 18-35 years, comprising 29 nonnative and 41 native monolingual NELS of both genders.

Aptamer-based approaches in leukemia: a paradigm shift in targeted therapy.

Aptamers, which are intricate synthetic molecules composed of single-stranded DNA and RNA, have recently emerged as groundbreaking instruments in the complex and multifaceted realms of diagnosing and treating diverse and challenging cancers, particularly leukemia, a type of blood cancer characterized by the overproduction of abnormal white blood cells. These innovative chemical antibodies, celebrated for their remarkable cost-effectiveness, unparalleled sensitivity, and exceptional precision, provide a promising beacon of hope in the arena of oncology, a field that continuously seeks novel approaches to combat various malignancies. Aptamers are fundamentally transforming the landscape of personalized medicine by adeptly and specifically targeting aberrantly expressed biomarkers, effectively modulating critical signaling pathways, and significantly enhancing the efficacy of drug delivery systems, thereby optimizing therapeutic outcomes for patients.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of air pollution and increased risk of frailty.

Background: Environmental air pollution is increasingly recognised as a potential contributor to frailty. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesise existing evidence on the associations between environmental air pollution and frailty in middle-aged and older adults, providing insights into the impact of air pollution on public health.

Methods: The systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Statement 2020.

Machine Learning Models Can Predict Tinnitus and Noise-Induced Hearing Loss.

Objectives: Despite the extensive use of machine learning (ML) models in health sciences for outcome prediction and condition classification, their application in differentiating various types of auditory disorders remains limited. This study aimed to address this gap by evaluating the efficacy of five ML models in distinguishing (a) individuals with tinnitus from those without tinnitus and (b) noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) from age-related hearing loss (ARHL).

Design: We used data from a cross-sectional study of the Canadian population, which included audiologic and demographic information from 928 adults aged 30 to 100 years, diagnosed with either ARHL or NIHL due to long-term occupational noise exposure.

Updates on Auditory Outcomes of COVID-19 and Vaccine Side Effects: An Umbrella Review.

Purpose: This umbrella review synthesizes and discusses systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses (MAs) on auditory outcomes associated with COVID-19 infection and vaccination side effects. It is innovative in offering a comprehensive synthesis of evidence across adults and infants while summarizing vaccine-related auditory side effects.

Method: This literature search followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines, with no restrictions on population age or symptom severity.

Effects of inner child healing course on fear of COVID-19 and emotional family relationships improvement during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic's psychological impact prompted this study to investigate the inner child healing course's effectiveness in reducing fear of COVID-19 and improving emotional family relationships. This quasi-experimental research adopted a pretest-posttest design with a control group. Convenience sampling was employed to select 42 women randomly from five psychotherapy centers in Isfahan (Iran) in 2020.

Simultaneous therapeutic and diagnostic applications of magnetic PLGA nanoparticles loaded with doxorubicin in rabbit.

In this study, DOX (Doxorubicin) and FeO magnetic nanocrystals (SPIONs (Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanocrystals)) were encapsulated in the PLGA-PEG: poly(lactide-co-glycolide)-b-poly(ethylene glycol) nanoparticles for theranostic purposes. The final prepared formulation which is called NPs (Nanoparticles) exhibited a particle size with a mean diameter of ~ 209 nm and a sufficient saturation magnetization value of 1.65 emu/g.

Comparative effects of the conventional, ultrasonic, and laser-activated irrigation on penetration depth of three photosensitizers in the root canal system.

Objectives: This study compared the effects of conventional, ultrasonic, and laser-activated irrigation (LAI) on penetration depth of three photosensitizers (PSs) in the root canal system.

Materials And Methods: In this in vitro, experimental study, 120 extracted anterior teeth were decoronated such that the remaining root length was standardized at 12 mm. After root canal instrumentation with the ProTaper rotary system and irrigation with 5.

Prognostic Value of Electrophysiological and MRI Findings for Pediatric Cochlear Implant Outcomes: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), electric compound action potential (eCAP), and electric auditory brainstem response (eABR) are among the routine assessments performed before and/or after cochlear implantation. The objective of this review was to systematically summarize and critically appraise existing evidence of the prognostic value of eCAP, eABR, and MRI for predicting post-cochlear implant (CI) speech perception outcomes in children, with a particular focus on the lesion site.

Method: The present systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 statement.

Parental barriers to implementing family-centred care in a neonatal intensive care unit in Islamic Republic of Iran.

Background: Studies have shown short-term and long-term positive effects of family-centred care interventions on neonatal and maternal health, and developmental outcomes in neonatal intensive care units. However, some challenges and barriers limit implementation of family-centred care.

Aim: To investigate parental barriers to implementing family-centred care in a neonatal intensive care unit in Islamic Republic of Iran.

Predictors of cochlear implant outcomes in pediatric auditory neuropathy: A matched case-control study.

Objectives: Current evidence supports the benefits of cochlear implants (CIs) in children with hearing loss, including those with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD). However, there is limited evidence regarding factors that hold predictive value for intervention outcomes.

Design: This retrospective case-control study consisted of 66 children with CIs, including 22 with ANSD and 44 with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) matched on sex, age, age at CI activation, and the length of follow-up with CIs (1:2 ratio).

International study of 24-h movement behaviors of the early years (SUNRISE): A pilot study from Iran.

Background: This study examined the proportion of Iranian children who met the World Health Organization (WHO) Guidelines for physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep for children under 5 years. Additionally, it investigated the feasibility and acceptability of the methods to be used in the SUNRISE study.

Methods: This pilot study was conducted among 83 children aged 3 and 4 years in preschools and health care centres in Iran, in 2022.

Tumoricidal properties of thymoquinone on human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells via the modulation of autophagy.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is deadly anaplastic changes in the gastrointestinal tract with high-rate mortality. In recent years, the application of phytocompounds has been extended along with different therapeutic protocols. Here, we monitored the effects of Thymoquinone (TQ) on autophagy via mitochondrial function after modulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

A deep ensemble medical image segmentation with novel sampling method and loss function.

Medical image segmentation is a critical task in computer vision because of facilitating precise identification of regions of interest in medical images. This task plays an important role in disease diagnosis and treatment planning. In recent years, deep learning algorithms have exhibited remarkable performance in this domain.

In vitro antibiofilm effect of different irradiation doses in infected root canal model.

Background: Eradication of endodontic biofilms from the infected root canal system is still the main concern in endodontics. In this study, the role of the power density parameter in the efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PDT) with toluidine blue O (TBO) and phycocyanin (PC) activated by a 635 nm diode laser (DL) against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm in the root canal model was investigated.

Materials And Methods: The E.

A systematic review of altered resting-state networks in early deafness and implications for cochlear implantation outcomes.

Auditory deprivation following congenital/pre-lingual deafness (C/PD) can drastically affect brain development and its functional organisation. This systematic review intends to extend current knowledge of the impact of C/PD and deafness duration on brain resting-state networks (RSNs), review changes in RSNs and spoken language outcomes post-cochlear implant (CI) and draw conclusions for future research. The systematic literature search followed the PRISMA guideline.

A Spatial Variation Analysis of In-Hospital Stroke Mortality Based on Integrated Pre-Hospital and Hospital Data in Mashhad, Iran.

Background: Despite significant advances in the quality and delivery of specialized stroke care, there still persist remarkable spatial variations in emergency medical services (EMS) transport delays, stroke incidence, and its outcomes. Therefore, it is very important to investigate the possible geographical variations of in-hospital stroke mortality and to identify its associated factors.

Methods: This historical cohort study included suspected stroke cases transferred to Ghaem Hospital of Mashhad by the EMS from March 2018 to March 2019.

Lavender and metformin effectively propagate progesterone levels in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized, double-blind clinical trial.

Background: The present study aimed to evaluate the impacts of lavender and metformin on polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients.

Methods: We performed a randomized, double-blind clinical trial including 68 females aged 18 to 45, fulfilling the Rotterdam criteria for PCOS. The patients were randomized to receive lavender (250 mg twice daily) or metformin (500 mg three times a day) for 90 days.

Comparison of the effects of preservation methods on structural, biological, and mechanical properties of the human amniotic membrane for medical applications.

Amniotic membrane (AM), the innermost layer of the placenta, is an exceptionally effective biomaterial with divers applications in clinical medicine. It possesses various biological functions, including scar reduction, anti-inflammatory properties, support for epithelialization, as well as anti-microbial, anti-fibrotic and angio-modulatory effects. Furthermore, its abundant availability, cost-effectiveness, and ethical acceptability make it a compelling biomaterial in the field of medicine.