Acceptability of wearable technology for the early detection of dementia-causing diseases: perspectives from the CODEC II cohort.

Background: The global prevalence of dementia is increasing exponentially. Early detection of dementia-causing diseases could support therapeutic intervention to decelerate disease progression. Wearable digital technologies can be used to identify early signs of such diseases and remotely monitor disease progression.

Assessing Knowledge of Nurse Practitioners on Youth in Foster Care: Results of Nationwide Survey.

Introduction: There are over 368,000 youth in foster care. Pediatric advanced practice nurses (APN) are the ideal healthcare provider to optimize this vulnerable population's physical, behavioral, and mental health and well-being.

Methods: The Alliance for Children in Foster Care, through Partners for Vulnerable Youth, conducted a mixed methods nationwide survey of all NAPNAP members on their knowledge regarding the health of youth in foster care.

A process evaluation of Ontario, Canada's 2023-24 older-adult RSV vaccination program.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of respiratory illness in older adults. During the 2023-2024 respiratory season, Ontario was the first and only province in Canada to launch a publicly funded RSV vaccination program for older adults. A process evaluation of the program was completed to better understand the experiences of the local Public Health Units (PHUs) and long-term care homes (LTCHs) implementing the program.

MRD4U: A path to development for personalized liquid biopsy for children with central nervous system tumors.

Background: Liquid biopsy assays using cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) can revolutionize care for children with central nervous system (CNS) tumors by enabling precise monitoring of therapeutic responses and detecting recurrence or measurable residual disease (MRD). These assays can detect cell-free, circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) via somatic alterations, though accurately measuring low-abundance ctDNA in CSF is challenging.

Methods: Our research focused on the optimization of next-generation sequencing library preparation from cell-free DNA (cfDNA), evaluating four commercial kits to address the low nucleic acid yield in CSF-derived cfDNA.

Adrenergic signaling coordinates distant and local responses to amputation in axolotl.

Many species regenerate lost body parts following amputation. Most limb regeneration research has focused on the immediate injury site. Meanwhile, body-wide injury responses remain largely unexplored but may be critical for regeneration.

Improving the accuracy of emergency department clinicians in detecting SARS-COV-2 on chest X-rays using a bespoke virtual training platform.

Background: During and after the COVID pandemic, online learning became a key component in most undergraduate and post-graduate training. The non-specific symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 and limitations of available diagnostic tests can make it difficult to detect and diagnose in acute care settings. Accurate identification of SARS-CoV-2 related changes on chest x-ray (CXR) by frontline clinicians involved in direct patient care in the Emergency Department (ED) is an important skill.

Revisiting Hughlings Jackson's dreamy state: dissociative symptoms in temporal lobe epilepsy.

Background: Transient, dissociative experiences have been attributed to temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) since at least the time of John Hughlings Jackson in the 1870s, who described how different dissociative symptoms might have distinct clinical potential. While dissociative symptoms are well-understood as a semiological feature of mesial TLE, they can also occur interictally yet remain poorly understood. We systematically examined the frequency, nature, and clinical correlates of dissociative experiences in TLE in an initial effort to better understand their phenotypic features.

COVID-19 vaccination around the time of conception and risk of placenta-mediated adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Introduction: Although numerous studies have documented no association between COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy and maternal and fetal health outcomes, fewer studies have evaluated fetal health effects after COVID-19 vaccination around the time of conception and early pregnancy, a time when maternal exposures may affect early placentation and the subsequent risk of placenta-mediated adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Material And Methods: We used province-wide databases in Ontario to conduct a population-based cohort study including all live and stillbirths ≥20 weeks' gestation with a last menstrual period (LMP) between April 1 and December 31, 2021. We deterministically linked birth registry data to the vaccine registry for all 80 253 eligible pregnancies; 31 209 (38.

Incidence of Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Associated Hospitalization Among Adults in Ontario, Canada, 2017-2019.

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes substantial morbidity and mortality among adults. Given recent RSV vaccine authorizations, data on groups at highest risk are needed to support vaccine program decision making.

Methods: We identified adults aged ≥ 18 years hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed RSV and hospitalizations with RSV-related diagnostic codes in Ontario, Canada (2017-2019).

Damage to white matter networks resulting from small vessel disease and the effects on cognitive function.

White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are prevalent in older age and are associated with cognitive decline. The location and extent of WMHs likely influences the relationship with behavior. Identifying which tracts are more likely impacted by WMHs might enable better understanding of which behaviors are affected.

HEalth Record Optimization for Identifying Candidates for HIV PRe-Exposure Prophylaxis: A Community-Informed Approach to Model Development.

Electronic health record (EHR)-based models to identify individuals who may benefit from pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) outperform traditional risk scores and may alleviate challenges associated with PrEP initiation. Pre-implementation work is critical to ensure algorithms are optimized for the local context, particularly given regional differences in the US HIV epidemic. To inform the derivation and implementation of EHR-based models within health systems in New Orleans and Baton Rouge, Louisiana, we conducted focus group discussions (FGDs) with community advocates and in-depth interviews (IDIs) with emergency department, primary care, and HIV-trained clinicians.

Vaccine-Associated Measles in an Immunocompromised Host: Hospital Infection Prevention and Control and Public Health Response.

Introduction: Vaccine-associated measles is generally not considered to be transmissible, as opposed to wild-type measles, which is one of the most highly contagious diseases. Data on contact and exposure management of vaccine-associated measles is limited, with varied approaches to such cases described in the literature.

Methods: We report the case of a 2-year-old immunosuppressed child who developed a febrile exanthem with mild conjunctivitis 18 days after receiving the measles-mumps-rubella-varicella vaccine.

Opinions and Concerns Surrounding Long-Acting Injectable (LAI) and Oral HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Among Current and Former LAI and Oral PrEP Users.

Long-acting injectable (LAI) pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has potential to increase PrEP uptake and adherence. However, most studies investigating opinions about LAI PrEP were done prior to its approval. We administered a cross-sectional electronic survey to clients at an urban PrEP clinic in the U.

Cost-Utility Analysis of COVID-19 Vaccination Strategies for Endemic SARS-CoV-2.

Importance: With shifting epidemiology and changes in the vaccine funding landscape, resource use considerations for COVID-19 vaccination programs are increasingly important.

Objective: To assess the cost effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination programs, where eligibility is defined by combinations of age and chronic medical conditions, including a strategy similar to current Canadian recommendations.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Static, individual-based, probabilistic cost-utility model economic evaluation parameterized with recent data describing COVID-19 epidemiology, vaccine characteristics, and costs.

Diagnostic Challenges in the Neuropsychology of Epilepsy: Report of the ILAE Neuropsychology Task Force Diagnostic Methods Commission: 2021-2025.

Increasingly, it has been recognized that non-seizure-related factors influence how people with epilepsy perform on neuropsychological tests. Therefore, neuropsychologists need to recognize the constellation of factors that can contribute to the neurocognitive presentation of a person with epilepsy and consider these factors in the interpretation of their assessment results. In this paper, we highlight common scenarios prompting the need to account for such factors when conducting and interpreting neuropsychological assessments.

Spectroscopic Characterization of the Photolysis of Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) via Time-Resolved Mass Spectrometry and IRMPD Spectroscopy.

Riboflavin, Vitamin B2, is a key photoactive biomolecule that has important uses as a food additive and as a photocatalyst. While riboflavin's photodegradation pathways have been studied extensively, open questions exist about the effect of the chemical environment on riboflavin photodegradation and the nature of the subsequent photoproducts. Here, we use time-resolved mass spectrometry (TRMS) and gas-phase infrared multiple-photon dissociation (IRMPD) spectroscopy to characterize 365 nm online photolysis of riboflavin under basic conditions.

Limited durability of protection conferred by XBB.1.5 vaccines against omicron-associated severe outcomes among community-dwelling adults, Ontario, Canada.

We estimated XBB.1.5 vaccine effectiveness (VE) against hospitalization/death among adults aged ≥50 years in Ontario, Canada, from September 2023 to June 2024.

Pulse Pressure, White Matter Hyperintensities, and Cognition: Mediating Effects Across the Adult Lifespan.

Objectives: To investigate whether pulse pressure or mean arterial pressure mediates the relationship between age and white matter hyperintensity load and to examine the mediating effect of white matter hyperintensities on cognition.

Methods: Demographic information, blood pressure, current medication lists, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores for 231 stroke- and dementia-free adults were retrospectively obtained from the Aging Brain Cohort study. Total WMH load was determined from T2-FLAIR magnetic resonance scans using the TrUE-Net deep learning tool for white matter segmentation.

Community-engaged adaptation and pilot testing of a mental health and substance use screening and referral process in HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) care in the Southern USA.

Mental health and substance use concerns are prevalent in HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)-seeking and priority populations (e.g., same gender loving black men (SGLBM)), often negatively affecting health care outcomes.

Active Surveillance for Myocarditis and Pericarditis in Canadian Children from 2021 to 2022: A Canadian Immunization Monitoring Program ACTive Study.

Objective: To compare characteristics of children assessed at Canadian Immunization Monitoring Program Active (IMPACT) centers for myocarditis, myopericarditis, and pericarditis according to COVID-19 vaccination status, and to evaluate the association with vaccination.

Study Design: IMPACT conducted active surveillance for myocarditis, myopericarditis, and pericarditis by monitoring admission lists and diagnostic codes for children ≤16 years of age assessed in emergency departments or hospitalized with these conditions (June 2021 through December 2022). Clinical details and immunization histories were entered in an electronic database.

Skincare ingredients recommended by cosmetic dermatologists: A Delphi consensus study.

Background: There is ambiguity regarding the topical cosmetic ingredients preferred for common skin complaints.

Objective: To determine which topical ingredients are frequently recommended by cosmetic dermatologists for fine lines and wrinkles, acne, redness, dark spots, large pores, dry skin, and oily skin.

Methods: Literature review to develop long list of ingredients.

Smoking Cessation Screening and Treatment Among Veterans With Multiple Sclerosis.

Introduction: Cigarette smoking is a leading cause of preventable death in the United States and disproportionately affects veterans. While smoking cessation is the goal for all veterans, it is especially critical for veterans with multiple sclerosis (MS; VwMS), for whom smoking is more detrimental to health and function. Smoking is associated with more MS relapses/flares, greater disability, faster disease progression, and earlier MS-related death.

Not a Monolith: Regional HIV Implementation Science Lessons With Latino/a/x Populations.

HIV incidence is increasing among Latino/a/x individuals in the United States, especially among young Latino/x gay, bisexual, and sexual minority men. Latino/a/x populations face heightened structural and social barriers to effective interventions for HIV prevention, including pre-exposure prophylaxis, and across the HIV care continuum. Implementation science provides a timely methodology for developing, testing, and scaling effective interventions into practice.

A framework for designing hybrid effectiveness-implementation trials for digital health interventions.

This article proposes methods for designing randomized controlled trials studying the implementation and effectiveness of digital interventions, meaning websites or applications ("apps") that patients use in healthcare. Deploying digital interventions for behavioral health differs from implementing traditional interventions such as medications or human-delivered therapy. Prior trial design guidance has ignored the existence of international governmental evidence standards, has paid insufficient attention to implementation reporting guidelines, and has not described methods for empirically testing the approach for organizing the delivery of digital interventions.