Possible association between Toxoplasma gondii infection and autism spectrum disorder.

Toxoplasma gondii is a neurotropic apicomplexan protozoan estimated to affect approximately 30% of the global population. In this review, we aimed to examine scientific evidence on the potential role of T. gondii infection in the development of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder.

Design and immunological evaluation of a multi-epitope vaccine candidate against incorporating MIC13, GRA1, and SAG1 antigens in BALB/c mice.

Toxoplasmosis, caused by the apicomplexan parasite , is a globally significant yet neglected disease that can cause serious clinical consequences in humans and extensive losses in the livestock industry. However, no effective vaccine has been provided for this parasite, so this study was designed to evaluate the immunogenicity of a chimeric multi-epitope antigen as a potential toxoplasmosis vaccine candidate in a murine model. The multi-epitope vaccine candidate, designed with bioinformatics tools, MGS: a chimera of MIC13, GRA1, and SAG1 antigens, was expressed in BL21 and purified by immobilized metal affinity chromatography using a His Ni-NTA column.

The Potential Association Between Latent Infection and Opioid Abuse: A Registry-Based Sero-Molecular Case-Control Study.

is a ubiquitous parasitic protozoan that can cause neurological and psychiatric disorders, potentially impacting human emotional behavior. This study aimed to explore serological and molecular evidence of infection in opioid abusers in northern Iran. In this case-control study, opioid abusers who were referred to substance abuse rehabilitation centers in Mazandaran Province, northern Iran, were enrolled.

Low occurrence of pulmonary lophomoniasis among cigarette smokers: An analysis of risk factors based on registry data.

Background And Objectives: Lophomonas blattarum is an emerging protozoan agent that mainly causes pulmonary lophomoniasis. Given that cigarette smokers are predisposed to various diseases while some conditions are less common among them, the current study aimed to compare the relationship between smoking status and the prevalence of pulmonary lophomoniasis in patients registered at the Iranian National Registry Center for Lophomoniasis (INRCL). Additionally, we examined common risk factors associated with Lophomonas infection among these registered subjects.

Structural Prediction and Antigenic Analysis of ROP18, MIC4, and SAG1 Proteins to Improve Vaccine Design against : An Approach.

Background: Toxoplasmosis is a cosmopolitan infectious disease in warmblooded mammals that poses a serious worldwide threat due to the lack of effective medications and vaccines.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to design a multi-epitope vaccine using several bioinformatics approaches against the antigens of .

Methods: Three proteins of , including ROP18, MIC4, and SAG1 were analyzed to predict the most dominant B- and T-cell epitopes.

Vaccine Design and Expression of the Multi-Component Protein Candidate against the Parasite from MIC13, GRA1, and SAG1 Antigens.

Background: We aimed to design a B and T cell recombinant protein vaccine of with approach. MIC13 plays an important role in spreading the parasite in the host body. GRA1 causes the persistence of the parasite in the parasitophorous vacuole.

Enhancement of immune responses by vaccine potential of three antigens, including ROP18, MIC4, and SAG1 against acute toxoplasmosis in mice.

Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) causes considerable financial losses in the livestock industry and can present serious threats to pregnant women, as well as immunocompromised patients. Therefore, it is required to design and produce an efficient vaccine for controlling toxoplasmosis.

Molecular Identification of Infection in Aborted Fetuses of Sheep, Cattle, and Goats in Mazandaran Province, Northern Iran.

Background: We aimed to identify DNA in the brain samples of aborted fetuses of cattle, goats, and sheep in Mazandaran, northern Iran, using PCR.

Methods: In total, 133 aborted fetuses (51 sheep, 78 cattle, and 4 goats) were randomly collected from different stages of gestation in various regions of Mazandaran, Iran, from Mar 2016 to May 2017. The DNA was extracted from all the brain samples using phenol chloroform isoamyl alcohol instructions.

Detection and Molecular Characterization of Potentially Pathogenic Free-Living Amoebae from Recreational and Public Soils in Mazandaran, Northern Iran.

Background: Free-living amoeba (FLA) belonging to spp, , and are the soil-born protozoa. This study aimed to survey the occurrence of FLA, including spp, , spp., and spp.

Diagnosis of Toxoplasmosis in Ruminants Aborted Fetuses in Northern Iran Using Molecular and Bioassay Techniques.

Background: is a zoonotic obligatory intracellular protozoan parasite that infects a wide range of warm-blooded species. This study aimed to obtain further information on the role of infection in ruminant abortion (sheep, goats and cattle) using bioassay and PCR methods in Mazandaran province, northern Iran.

Methods: Overall, 104 aborted fetuses (52 bovine, 48 ovine, 4 caprine) were collected at different stages of gestation during the lambing seasons in various parts of Mazandaran Province from Mar 2016 to May 2017.

Protective efficacy by a novel multi-epitope vaccine, including MIC3, ROP8, and SAG1, against acute Toxoplasma gondii infection in BALB/c mice.

Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular apicomplexan parasite, which can cause a serious infectious disease in pregnant women and immunocompromised individuals. Therefore, the development of a polyvalent vaccine consisting of all stages of the parasite life cycle using the epitopes from tachyzoites, bradyzoites, and sporozoites is likely to be required for complete protective immunity. In this study, we designed protein vaccine candidate based on the prediction of specific epitopes (i.

Relationship between toxoplasmosis and autism: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is a foodborne parasite that is investigated in many psychiatric diseases, such as autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Therefore, a systematic literature review was conducted searching seven electronic databases on the prevalence of T.

Association between Toxoplasma gondii Infection and Headache: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: The impact of infectious agents, such as Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), on human behavior and mental disorders, has recently attracted the attention of researchers. T.

infection and risk of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

, as an opportunistic neurotropic parasite of the Apicomplexa family, was firstly described in 1908. As attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neuropsychiatric disorders in children and adolescents and often persists into adulthood, the purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the relationship between infection and ADHD.The data were systematically collected from seven electronic databases up to May 1 2019 with no language restriction.

The global seroprevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in women who had spontaneous abortion: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is an intracellular pathogen that can lead to abortion in pregnant women infected with this parasite. Therefore, the present study aimed to estimate the global seroprevalence of anti-T.

Seroprevalence of Neospora caninum Infection in Dog Population Worldwide: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Purpose: Neospora caninum is an obligate intracellular apicomplexan protozoan that causes neurological disorders in dogs. This systematic review and meta-analysis targeted at evaluating the worldwide seroprevalence rate of N. caninum in dogs.

Is Toxoplasma gondii a potential risk factor for Alzheimer's disease? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Toxoplasmosis is a major public health concern due to neurotropic nature and role in the development of mental and behavioral disorders. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an important nervous disease that results in the reduction of the amount of beta-amyloid plaque deposition and irreversible loss of neurons in the brain. Although a few studies evaluated the association between AD and toxoplasmosis, the present study as a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies investigated the possible association between Toxoplasma gondii (T.

A systematic review of Toxoplasma gondii genotypes and feline: Geographical distribution trends.

Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is well known for its ability to virtually infect all warm-blooded vertebrates. Although felines as the definitive hosts have an important role in the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis, there are few descriptions of genetic diversity in the world.

Is there any association between Toxoplasma gondii infection and depression? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is an obligate intracellular opportunistic parasite that is the causative agent of toxoplasmosis. This parasite accounts for mental disorders; however, the relationship between T.

Congenital toxoplasmosis among Iranian neonates: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Toxoplasmosis is a serious zoonotic disease that can lead to abortion and congenital disorders and has a widespread global distribution in humans and animals. The objective of this review was to investigate the incidence of toxoplasmosis in Iranian neonates in order to obtain a comprehensive assessment of the overall situation of the disease for use in developing future interventions. Original studies investigating the incidence of Toxoplasma gondii infections in Iranian neonates were systematically searched in a number of English-language and Persian-language electronic databases.

Relationship between toxoplasmosis and obsessive compulsive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: A few studies investigated the relationship between toxoplasmosis and mental disorders, such as obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). However, the specific nature of the association between Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection and OCD is not yet clear.

Intestinal parasites among migrant barn swallows () in the central region of Mazandaran Province, Northern Iran.

Aim: Swallows are a family of migratory birds found worldwide except Antarctica. Annually, a number of species of swallows migrate to Iran. As they make their nests close to human living places, this may be a potential risk for public health.

Is Toxoplasma gondii playing a positive role in multiple sclerosis risk? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii with a globally widespread distribution. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to characterize the association between T. gondii infection and multiple sclerosis (MS).