Regional homogeneity differences between the brains of young men and young women: A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study.

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate gender differences in the brains of young healthy adults, by calculating the regional homogeneity (ReHo) values of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Thereby providing candidate imaging biomarkers for risk stratification of neurodegenerative diseases and offering a basis for their early screening and targeted intervention.

Methods: Forty-two (42) healthy young adults (21males and 21females) were examined using resting-state fMRI.

Uricase deficiency in rats results in a variety of metabolic disorders, addition to gouty nephropathy.

Clinical evidence suggests that hyperuricemia is frequently associated with hyperglycemia (diabetes), hyperlipidemia, and hypertension. However, this relationship has not been fully verified in experimental animals. The present study used uricase-deficient rats (KDY rats, n = 125) with spontaneously elevated levels of serum uric acid (SUA) as the model animals and investigated their metabolic conditions throughout their lifespan (626 days of age).

Removing the Critical Thickness of Improper Ferroelectrics via Interfacial Reconstruction.

The atomic structures at epitaxial film-substrate interfaces determine the scalability of thin films and can result in new phenomena. However, it is challenging to control the structure of the interface. In this work, we report the strong tunability of the epitaxial interface of improper ferroelectric hexagonal ferrites deposited on spinel ferrites, achieving the artificial selection of two types of interfaces that are related by a 90° rotation of in-plane epitaxial relations and feature either disordered or hybrid reconstruction.

Experimental Study on the Preparation of Paste Filling Materials from Coal-Based Solid Wastes.

To reduce the cost of coal mine filling materials, a novel composite cementitious material was developed by utilizing coal-based solid waste materials, including fly ash, desulfurized gypsum, and carbide slag, along with cement and water as raw materials. Initially, a comprehensive analysis of the physical and chemical properties of each raw material was conducted. Subsequently, proportioning tests were systematically carried out using the single-variable method.

Molecular and morphological alterations in breast tissue of transgender patients undergoing dihydrotestosterone therapy.

Many patients undergoing gender-affirming surgery (GAS) opt for reconstructive procedures rather than total mastectomy to achieve a more masculine chest contour. The impact of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) treatment on breast tissue remains unclear. This study evaluates the morphological changes and protein expression levels in breast tissue associated with hormonal and molecular pathways in patients receiving short-term or long-term DHT treatment before GAS.

CircFUT8 promotes proplatelet formation by interacting with IGF2BP2 and stabilizing TNS1 mRNA in megakaryocytes.

During thrombopoiesis, megakaryocytes (MKs) transform their cytoplasm into proplatelets through complex cytoskeletal rearrangements. The shear force of blood flow releases newly formed platelets from the proplatelets into the bloodstream. Defects at any phase of this process can impair platelet production.

Transcriptomic and network toxicology approaches reveal potential mechanisms of DEHP induced intrahepatic cholestasis during pregnancy.

The objective of this study was to investigate the hepatotoxic effects and molecular mechanisms underlying di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP)-induced intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) through a network toxicology approach. Utilizing liver transcriptomics in conjunction with the GeneCards, DisGeNET, and OMIM databases, we identified 151 potential targets associated with DEHP-induced ICP. Subsequent analyses employing STRING and cytoscape software revealed five core targets: EGFR, STAT3, JUN, FOS, and HSP90AA1.

The Association between Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Inhibitor Use and Dementia Risk in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors (TNFi), commonly prescribed for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), have been studied for their potential association with dementia risk. However, previous findings are inconclusive. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of TNFi use on dementia in patients with RA.

2D, Physical-Vapor Growth of Low-Coercivity, Epitaxial Ferroelectric ScAlN on Scalable Substrates.

Ferroelectric nitrides attract immense attention due to their excellent electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties as well as for their compatibility with scalable semiconductor technology. The availability of high-quality nitride films possessing tailorable coercive voltage and field, however, remains challenging, and is a key for deeper exploration of switching dynamics and practical applications in low-power devices. 2D growth of epitaxial thin (≲20 nm) c-axis-oriented ScAlN films is reported on AlO (0001) and on electrically conductive 4H-SiC (0001), obtained by reflection high-energy electron diffraction-monitored layer-by-layer physical vapor deposition growth.

Patient Navigation Services for Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening and Follow-Up: A Meta-Analysis.

Importance: Screening and follow-up rates for breast and cervical cancer vary across socioeconomic and demographic groups. While patient navigation services can help patients overcome barriers to health care, they are not commonly used in cancer screening.

Objective: To determine the effectiveness and harms of patient navigation services to increase screening and follow-up rates for breast and cervical cancer.

Phellodendrine chloride alleviates gouty arthritis through IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway.

Background: Phellodendrine, a primary bioactive constituent of Phellodendron chinense Schneid (PCS), is crucial in its pharmacological profile. Phellodendrine exhibits potent anti-nephritic properties and demonstrates a marked inhibitory effect on the cellular immune response. However, the effects of phellodendrine on proteoglycan depletion and cartilage degeneration in gouty arthritis remain insufficiently understood.

Emergency Conversion to General Anesthesia During Endovascular Therapy and Stroke Outcomes: A Retrospective Matched Study.

Background: In endovascular treatment (EVT) for ischemic stroke, conversion from non-general anesthesia (non-GA) to general anesthesia (GA) may be necessary. This study aims to evaluate the effects of intra-EVT emergency GA conversion on patient outcomes and to identify potential risk factors for such conversions.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on ischemic stroke patients who underwent EVT without GA at a tertiary hospital in China.

The Design of a Computer Vision Sensor Based on a Low-Power Edge Detection Circuit.

We propose a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor (CIS) that performs edge mask computation and detection during the analog-to-digital (A/D) conversion process to output 1-bit edge images. By utilizing the characteristics of the edge that can obtain a 1-bit image, the edge mask and thresholding operations are performed simultaneously during the A/D conversion process, thereby reducing memory capacity along with a high number of frames per second (FPS). Additionally, by implementing a 1-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC) instead of a high-resolution ADC and counter through the 1-bit edge data obtained from the edge mask operation, both static and dynamic power consumption are reduced.

Opioid-free anaesthesia and postoperative quality of recovery in patients undergoing supratentorial tumour resection: protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Opioids play a pivotal role in being capable of effectively blocking the pain and stress responses triggered by procedures such as surgery and intubation. However, it should not be overlooked that opioids have numerous side effects, such as respiratory depression, postoperative nausea and vomiting. These effects can raise intracranial pressure, posing a life-threatening risk in neurosurgical patients.

Profiling of Metabolite Changes in Lettuce Leaves during Fermentation by .

Metabolic profiling is a valuable tool for elucidating the biochemical pathways and key metabolites involved in the health benefits associated with microbial fermentation. In this study, we investigated the metabolic changes occurring during the fermentation of lettuce leaves by , a widely studied bacterium known for its diverse metabolic capabilities. Through non-targeted metabolic profiling, we identified and characterized metabolites that may contribute to the beneficial effects of fermented lettuce.

TCA Cycle Intermediate Mitigates Di(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate-Induced Cholestatic Liver Injury Through Modulation of the Nrf2/NQO1 Signalling Axis.

As a commonly used phthalate compound, di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) has been shown to disrupt the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and aggravate tissue damage. However, whether the TCA cycle is involved in cholestatic liver injury (CLI) induced by DEHP and the protective effect of dimethyl fumarate (DMF), which is used to supplement TCA intermediate metabolites, remained unclear. Here, mice were randomized into five groups (n = 6/group): (1) Control, (2) DEHP (200 mg/kg/day), (3) DMF (100 mg/kg/day), (4) DEHP + DMF (30 mg/kg/day) and (5) DEHP + DMF (100 mg/kg/day).

[Mechanism of icariin in promoting osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and improving bone metabolism disorders through caveolin-1/Hippo signaling pathway].

Guided by the theory of "the kidney storing essence, governing the bones, and producing marrow", this study explored the mechanism of icariin(ICA) in regulating the osteogenic differentiation of rat bone mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs) through caveolin-1(Cav1) via in vitro and in vivo experiments, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis with traditional Chinese medicine(TCM). Primary cells were obtained from 4-week-old female SD rats using the whole bone marrow adherent method. Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of surface markers CD29, CD90, CD11b, and CD45.

Research on the effects and related mechanisms of geomagnetic storm on depression.

Objective: Depression has become disabling disease in the world. Geomagnetic storm is closely related to depression behavior, and melatonin is an important factor in the pathogenesis of depression. This study observed the effects of different intensities of geomagnetic storm on melatonin in depressed rats.

Development and Validation of the Media Health Literacy Scale: Assessment Tool Development Study.

Background: Advancements in IT have transformed methods for accessing and conveying health-related information. While technical advancements offer more options for people to choose their preferred information sources, injudicious dissemination of incorrect or unverified health-related information by internet-based media poses a threat to society. The concepts of media health literacy (MeHlit) and eHealth literacy have emerged for assessing one's ability to understand and use health-related information from media sources.

Evaluating marine environmental pollution using Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP): A comprehensive framework for sustainable coastal and oceanic management.

Marine pollution poses a significant threat to ecosystems, biodiversity, and human health, necessitating a structured evaluation framework. This study applies the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) to prioritize five major marine pollution sources: chemical contaminants, microplastics, oil spills, eutrophication, and noise pollution. The FAHP results indicate that chemical contaminants (0.

Terahertz photoneuromodulation of lateral orbitofrontal cortex neurons ameliorates stress-induced depression and cognitive impairment.

Depression imposes a staggering global socioeconomic burden. Current pharmacotherapies face major limitations, including slow efficacy, adverse effects, and non-response rates of up to 55%, necessitating novel therapeutic modalities. This study introduces terahertz (THz) photoneuromodulation as an innovative physical intervention for depression, offering several advantages over conventional pharmacological or optogenetic approaches.

A novel self-supervised graph clustering method with reliable semi-supervision.

Cluster analysis, as a core technique in unsupervised learning, has widespread applications. With the increasing complexity of data, deep clustering, which integrates the advantages of deep learning and traditional clustering algorithms, demonstrates outstanding performance in processing high-dimensional and complex data. However, when applied to graph data, deep clustering faces two major challenges: noise and sparsity.

A Green and Efficient Recycling Strategy for Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries in Neutral Solution Environment.

Traditional acid or/and ammonia leaching techniques are usually applied to extract valuable metals during hydrometallurgical recovery of spent lithium-ion batteries. However, the excessive and repeated use of acids and bases inevitably increases the environmental burden and safety threats. Herein, considering the advantages of neutral pH solution system in terms of safety and environmental protection, neutral leaching has been pioneeringly proposed to achieve a low-cost and harmless hydrometallurgical process.

Dihydrotanshinone I potentiates the anti-tumor activity of cisplatin by activating ROS-mediated ER stress through targeting HSPD1 in lung cancer cells.

Lung cancer represents one of the most lethal malignancies, characterized by the highest incidence and mortality rates globally. Cisplatin-based chemotherapy exerts powerful anti-tumor activities in lung cancer, whereas its clinical application was limited due to the severe side effects. Dihydrotanshinone I (DHTS), a root extract from Salvia miltiorrhiza, exhibits diverse biological functions, encompassing liver protection, anti-inflammatory properties, promotion of osteoclast differentiation, and induction of apoptosis in tumor cells.