Zoledronic Acid Treatment for Diffuse Sclerosing Osteomyelitis of the Mandible: A Case Report and Literature Review of Antiresorptive Therapy.

Diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis (DSO) is a rare, chronic aseptic osteomyelitis of the mandible characterized by resistance to conventional therapies including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), antibiotics, corticosteroids, and surgery. Diagnosis is often delayed due to nonspecific symptoms and lack of typical infectious signs, sometimes resulting in misdiagnosis. We report a case of a 58-year-old male patient with persistent mandibular pain initially misdiagnosed as trigeminal neuralgia and treated with microvascular decompression surgery without improvement.

An efficient approach for detecting atrial fibrillation in ischemic stroke patients using a wearable device: a prospective multicenter substudy of the STABLED trial.

Objective: Stroke caused by atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with high mortality and severe morbidity. Screening patients for AF may facilitate early initiation of anticoagulant therapy and prevent recurrent stroke; therefore, strategies to effectively detect AF in stroke patients are important.

Methods: This prospective multicenter study was conducted between April 27, 2020 and March 31, 2021 at seven sites in Japan, as a substudy of the STABLED trial, a multicenter prospective randomized study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of catheter ablation with anticoagulant therapy using edoxaban in patients with ischemic stroke and AF.

Associations between systolic blood pressure and infarct growth after thrombectomy for acute stroke: A retrospective observational study.

Background: The optimal blood pressure control strategy after mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is not well understood, especially for patients with successful recanalization. We hypothesized that low systolic blood pressure (SBP) after MT is associated with infarct growth (IG), even in patients with successful recanalization.

Aims: The aim of the present study was to clarify the relationships between IG and SBP parameters in patients treated with MT.

Prognostic significance of angiography-derived index of microcirculatory resistance assessment after rotational atherectomy in patients with severely calcified lesions.

Coronary microcirculatory dysfunction (CMD) is a known predictor of adverse outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, the prognostic significance of CMD in patients with severely calcified lesions treated with rotational atherectomy (RA) remains unclear. We retrospectively studied consecutive chronic coronary syndrome patients who underwent PCI with RA followed by second-generation drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation.

Potential relationship among CT and MRI imaging, histological findings, and treatment outcomes in patients with medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw undergoing segmental mandibulectomy-A retrospectives study.

Background/purpose: Surgical treatment has recently been recommended as a standard therapy for medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). However, no established methods exist for determining the extent of bone resection. We aimed to compare preoperative computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings with the histopathological findings of resection materials in patients with MRONJ undergoing surgery.

Prognostic Utility of Nodular Calcification Detected on Non-Contrast Computed Tomography in Severely Calcified Coronary Lesions.

Background: Nodular calcification (NC) detected via intracoronary imaging is associated with adverse cardiovascular events after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, the impact of NC detected on pre-PCI non-contrast computed tomography (CT) on clinical outcomes has not been fully investigated.

Methods And Results: We retrospectively included 267 consecutive patients with chronic coronary syndrome who underwent electrocardiography-gated non-contrast CT before PCI for severely calcified lesions.

Impact of pericoronary adipose tissue attenuation on clinical outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention.

Background: Pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) attenuation, measured using coronary computed tomography angiography (cCTA), is a potential marker of coronary inflammation.

Aims: We aimed to examine the association between coronary inflammation, as assessed by measuring PCAT attenuation before percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and clinical outcomes of PCI using current-generation drug-eluting stents (DES).

Methods: We retrospectively studied consecutive patients who underwent cCTA before PCI with current-generation DES.

Incidence Rate and Risk Factors for In-Hospital Ischemic Stroke among 83,990 Hospitalized Patients.

Background: Details of in-hospital stroke are unknown. This study aimed to clarify the incidence rate and risk factors for in-hospital stroke among all inpatients.

Methods: This retrospective single-center study included consecutive patients admitted to our hospital.

Constipation in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis.

Background: Constipation, a symptom of autonomic nervous system dysfunction affecting gastrointestinal motility, is common after acute ischemic stroke. The insular cortex is associated with autonomic symptoms, and damage to the left insula may result in constipation. We investigated the association between constipation and left-sided insular infarction in patients with acute stroke.

Factors influencing subjective opinion attribution to conversational robots.

The usefulness of conversational robots has been demonstrated in various fields. It is suggested that expressing subjective opinions is essential for conversational robots to stimulate users' willingness to engage in conversation. However, a challenge remains in that users often find it difficult to attribute subjective opinions to robots.

Direct oral anticoagulants versus warfarin for the management of left atrial appendage thrombus in patients with acute stroke.

Background: We compared the effectiveness of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) and warfarin for resolving left atrial appendage (LAA) thrombus in patients with acute stroke with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF).

Methods: Among consecutive patients with acute stroke admitted to five major comprehensive stroke centers in Japan between January 2017 and December 2022, those with NVAF and LAA thrombus detected by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and underwent follow-up TEE were included. All patients received DOAC or warfarin treatment.

NEDD4-binding protein 1 suppresses hepatitis B virus replication by regulating viral RNAs.

Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) (chronic HBV infection) places patients at increased risk for liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Although nucleos(t)ide analogues are mainly used for the treatment of HBV, they require long-term administration and may lead to the emergence of drug-resistant mutants. Therefore, to identify targets for the development of novel anti-HBV drugs, we screened for HBV-suppressive host factors using a plasmid expression library of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs).

Optimal blood pressure target for patients with prior stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

In this systematic review of randomized controlled trials, we examined the optimal blood pressure (BP) target for patients with prior stroke, comparing intensive BP control (systolic BP [SBP] <130 mmHg) with standard BP control (SBP < 140 mmHg). Literature searches of PubMed/MEDLINE, the Cochrane Database, and Ichu-shi identified seven randomized controlled trials for quantitative analysis. Meta-analyses were performed using random-effects models, with most included trials assessed as having low risks of bias.

Influence of best objective response to first-line treatment on survival outcomes in advanced urothelial carcinoma in the era of sequential therapy with enfortumab vedotin.

Objective: This study evaluated whether first-line treatment affects survival outcomes in patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma undergoing sequential therapy with chemotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and enfortumab vedotin.

Methods: This multicenter retrospective study included 57 patients treated at Hiroshima University Hospital and its affiliated institutions between 2009 and 2024. Patients received chemotherapy as a first-line treatment (gemcitabine plus cisplatin or carboplatin), followed by second-line immune checkpoint inhibitors (pembrolizumab or avelumab) and third-line enfortumab vedotin.

Associated Factors of Long-Term Functional Outcome and Recovery Pattern After Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Prospective Population-Based Study in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.

Background: Long-term patterns of functional outcome after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) have not been well elucidated in population-based studies from low- and middle-income countries. The aim of this study was to define long-term functional outcomes, associated prognostic factors, and recovery patterns for patients with acute ICH.

Methods: We conducted a prospective population-based stroke incidence study in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, with prospective follow-up.

Replantation of a Permanent Tooth With a Curved Root From Infected Tooth Germ: A Case Report With a Four-Year Follow-Up.

Intentional reimplantation has long been supported by many clinicians as a last resort before tooth extraction. With the accumulation of data and the development of techniques, the survival rate of reimplantation has increased. However, although there have been many reports and studies on replantation for common causes such as root fracture, root resorption, inadequate root canal treatment, perforation, and apical periodontitis, the method of replantation in unusual cases is not yet clear, and many cases result in tooth extraction.

Acute DWI volume is a strong imaging predictor of favorable outcomes in patients with acute stroke and treated with mechanical thrombectomy.

Background: Infarct volume on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is a promising imaging marker for clinical outcomes in patients with acute stroke treated with mechanical thrombectomy (MT), but its predictive value has not been well evaluated, especially in consecutive patients. The present study aimed to elucidate the relationship between infarct volume and its change and favorable functional outcomes in consecutive patients with acute stroke who underwent MT.

Method: Of patients with consecutive acute stroke who underwent MT from September 2014 through December 2019, those who were pre-morbidly independent were enrolled.

Factors Related to the Growth of Oral Bacteria After Surgery: An Observational Study of 54 Patients Undergoing Oncologic or Cardiac Surgery.

Introduction Postoperative complications, such as surgical site infection and postoperative pneumonia, may be caused by oral bacteria. This study aimed to clarify the factors related to the bacterial count in the saliva of postoperative patients so as to standardize oral management methods before and after surgery. Methods This prospective observational study enrolled 54 patients who underwent major oncologic or cardiac surgery.

Pink-noise dynamics in an evolutionary game on a regular graph.

We consider a multiplayer prisoner's dilemma game on a square lattice and regular graphs based on the pairwise-Fermi update rule, and we obtain heatmaps of the fraction of cooperators and the correlation of neighboring pairs. In the heatmap, we find a mixed region where cooperators and defectors coexist, and the correlation between neighbors is significantly enhanced. Moreover, we observe pink-noise behavior in the mixed region, where the power spectrum can be fitted by a power-law function of frequency.

Inner-Bond-Cleavage Approach to Figure-Eight Macrocycles from Planar Aromatic Hydrocarbons.

Figure-eight-shaped nonplanar π-systems adopt distinctive chiral -symmetric structures, which are ideal for realizing efficient circularly polarized luminescence (CPL). However, the short-step and enantioselective synthesis of figure-eight π-systems represents a considerable challenge for the conventional bottom-up synthetic strategy. Herein, we report that the oxidative cleavage of the internal double bond of a commercially available polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, i.

Enhanced Plaque Stabilization Effects of Alirocumab - Insights From Artificial Intelligence-Aided Optical Coherence Tomography Analysis of the Alirocumab for Thin-Cap Fibroatheroma in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease Estimated by Optical Coherence Tomography (ALTAIR) Study.

Background: Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors stabilize vulnerable plaque, reducing cardiovascular events. However, manual optical coherence tomography (OCT) analysis of drug efficacy is challenging because of signal attenuation within lipid plaques.

Methods And Results: Twenty-four patients with thin-cap fibroatheroma were prospectively enrolled and randomized to receive alirocumab (75 mg every 2 weeks) plus rosuvastatin (10 mg/day) or rosuvastatin (10 mg/day) alone.