Prognostic significance of angiography-derived index of microcirculatory resistance assessment after rotational atherectomy in patients with severely calcified lesions.

Coronary microcirculatory dysfunction (CMD) is a known predictor of adverse outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, the prognostic significance of CMD in patients with severely calcified lesions treated with rotational atherectomy (RA) remains unclear. We retrospectively studied consecutive chronic coronary syndrome patients who underwent PCI with RA followed by second-generation drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation.

Visualization of Nerve Pathology and Correlation with Clinical Severity in Bell's Palsy Using 3D Double-Echo Steady-State with Water Excitation Sequence.

Background And Purpose: Bell's palsy (BP) is the most common cause of facial nerve (FN) palsy. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic ability of the 3D Double-Echo Steady-State with Water Excitation (3D-DESS-WE) sequence to visualize pathological changes in the FN of BP patients.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 30 BP patients who underwent 3T MRI including 3D-DESS-WE within 30 days of onset and 60 sex-and age±2-matched controls.

Magnetic resonance imaging features of mesonephric-like adenocarcinoma of the uterine corpus in comparison with endometrial endometrioid carcinoma: Multi-institutional study.

Purpose: To examine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of mesonephric-like adenocarcinoma (MLA) of the uterine corpus.

Method: MRI features of 19 patients with pathologically proven MLA of the uterine corpus were retrospectively compared with those of 95 patients with endometrial endometrioid carcinoma (EEC).

Results: Most patients with MLA were postmenopausal.

Impact of pericoronary adipose tissue attenuation on clinical outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention.

Background: Pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) attenuation, measured using coronary computed tomography angiography (cCTA), is a potential marker of coronary inflammation.

Aims: We aimed to examine the association between coronary inflammation, as assessed by measuring PCAT attenuation before percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and clinical outcomes of PCI using current-generation drug-eluting stents (DES).

Methods: We retrospectively studied consecutive patients who underwent cCTA before PCI with current-generation DES.

Feasibility of optical coherence tomography-guided primary percutaneous coronary intervention for STEMI: all-comer ATLAS-OCT trial.

Intravascular imaging for acute coronary syndrome is recommended in the guidelines; however, the actual rate of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) who successfully undergo optical coherence tomography (OCT)-guided primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is unclear. This study aimed to determine the feasibility of OCT-guided primary PCI and identify the patient population that would benefit most from OCT guidance in STEMI. The ATLAS-OCT trial was a prospective, single-arm, all-comers study conducted at 16 institutions.

Nocturnal desaturation in patients with non-operable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.

Background: Nocturnal desaturation is occasionally observed in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) despite the absence of parenchymal lung disease; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to clarify the clinical features of nocturnal desaturation in patients with CTEPH.

Methods: Data of 163 patients with CTEPH who underwent balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) between March 2011 and December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.

Crizotinib-associated hepatic and renal cysts: a case report with MRI findings.

We report a case of a man in his 60s with ROS1 fusion-positive lung adenocarcinoma who developed multiple cystic lesions in both the kidneys and liver during crizotinib treatment. The patient presented with fever, abdominal pain, and oliguria. Contrast-enhanced CT revealed new cystic lesions in both the kidneys and liver, with some showing thick walls, septa, and hyperdense contents.

Long-term clinical significance of the presence of puff-chandelier ruptures detected by non-obstructive aortic angioscopy.

Although studies have reported various patterns of atherosclerotic aortic plaques (AAPs) detected by non-obstructive aortic angioscopy (NOA), the long-term outcomes associated with AAPs such as puff-chandelier rupture atheromatous plaque (PCR), remain unclear. This study investigated the long-term prognostic significance of AAPs detected by NOA in patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This retrospective multicenter cohort study included 167 patients who underwent PCI and NOA.

-Mutated Lung Adenocarcinoma With Li-Fraumeni Syndrome: The Imperative for Germline Testing in Patients With a Family History, a Case Report.

Comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) has progressed rapidly and plays an important role in advancing precision medicine in oncology. However, CGP provides opportunities for molecular-targeted therapy, but it also unveils incidental germline findings, posing challenges and opportunities in patient care. We present the case of a 32-year-old female patient, diagnosed with stage IVB lung adenocarcinoma harboring an p.

Excimer LASER coronary atherectomy for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: Insights from a multicenter registry.

Background: Excimer laser coronary atherectomy (ELCA) is used for thrombotic culprit lesions in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), but its effectiveness is still unclear.

Methods: Consecutive patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention within 24 h of onset were retrospectively investigated. Patients were divided into ELCA and non-ELCA groups.

Association between the prognosis and comorbidity of active cancer in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.

Background: Prognosis of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) has improved after the availability of balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) and approved drugs. However, the clinical effects of cancer, which is one of the associated medical conditions of CTEPH, remain unclear. We aimed to investigate prognosis in patients with CTEPH and comorbid cancer.

Impact of long-term trends on outcomes in the management of colonic diverticular bleeding: mediation analyses in a large multicenter study.

Background: Despite accumulating evidence and recommendations for management of colonic diverticular bleeding (CDB), the changes in its clinical management and outcomes remain unknown.

Methods: We performed a retrospective tendency analysis on a biennial basis, a propensity score-matched cohort study between the first and latter half groups, and mediation analyses to compare the diagnostic and treatment methods between January 2010 and December 2019 (CODE BLUE-J Study).

Results: A total of 6575 patients with CDB were included.

Validation of British Society of Gastroenterology guidelines for acute lower GI bleeding from 8956 cases in Japan.

Background And Aims: We sought to validate the British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) guidelines for acute lower GI bleeding (ALGIB).

Methods: We analyzed 8956 patients with ALGIB in the Colonic Diverticular Bleeding Leaders Update Evidence From Multicenter Japanese Study (CODE BLUE-J) study and categorized them into 4 groups based on the BSG guidelines. Outcomes included 30-day rebleeding, 30-day mortality, blood transfusion, therapeutic intervention, and severe bleeding.

Comprehensive Genomic Assessment of Advanced-Stage GI Stromal Tumors Using the Japanese National Center for Cancer Genomics and Advanced Therapeutics Database.

Purpose: Clinical utility of comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) for precision medicine has become evident. Although there are several reports on the genomic landscape of GI stromal tumors (GISTs), large-scale data specific to GIST are limited, especially in Asia. Additionally, the applicability of molecular-targeted agents identified using CGP has not been extensively examined.

Urgent Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography before Early Colonoscopy in the Management of Colonic Diverticular Bleeding: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CE-CT) has been gaining attention as an initial investigation in the management of colonic diverticular bleeding (CDB), yet the role of CE-CT other than its diagnostic yield has not been adequately clarified. We aimed to determine whether the use of urgent CE-CT improves identification of stigmata of recent hemorrhage (SRH) in subsequently performed early colonoscopy (≤24 h of arrival) or other clinical outcomes of CDB.

Methods: We conducted a randomized, open-label, controlled trial at 23 institutions in Japan.

Horizontal partial laryngectomy for laryngeal neuroendocrine tumor: A case report.

Introduction: Moderately differentiated neuroendocrine tumors of the larynx are rare malignant tumors that arise from the submucosa of the larynx, for which surgery is the first-line treatment.

Presentation Of Case: We report a case of moderately differentiated neuroendocrine tumor of the larynx, in which the patient, a 74-year-old man, experienced long-term palliation but an unfortunate outcome of death owing to metastasis. Laryngeal endoscopic examination revealed an elevated submucosal lesion on the laryngeal surface of the epiglottis.

Enhanced Plaque Stabilization Effects of Alirocumab - Insights From Artificial Intelligence-Aided Optical Coherence Tomography Analysis of the Alirocumab for Thin-Cap Fibroatheroma in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease Estimated by Optical Coherence Tomography (ALTAIR) Study.

Background: Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors stabilize vulnerable plaque, reducing cardiovascular events. However, manual optical coherence tomography (OCT) analysis of drug efficacy is challenging because of signal attenuation within lipid plaques.

Methods And Results: Twenty-four patients with thin-cap fibroatheroma were prospectively enrolled and randomized to receive alirocumab (75 mg every 2 weeks) plus rosuvastatin (10 mg/day) or rosuvastatin (10 mg/day) alone.

Impact of morphofunctional assessment with quantitative flow ratio and optical coherence tomography in patients with acute coronary syndromes.

Background: Combining morphological and physiological evaluations might improve the risk stratification of patients who undergo percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) culprit lesions.

Aims: We aimed to investigate the clinical utility of morphofunctional evaluation after PCI for identifying ACS patients with increased risk of subsequent clinical events.

Methods: We retrospectively studied 298 consecutive ACS patients who had undergone optical coherence tomography (OCT)-guided PCI.

Genotype-relevant neuroimaging features in low-grade epilepsy-associated tumors.

Introduction: Low-grade epilepsy-associated tumors are the second most common histopathological diagnoses in cases of drug-resistant focal epilepsy. However, the connection between neuroimaging features and genetic alterations in these tumors is unclear, prompting an investigation into genotype-relevant neuroimaging characteristics.

Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed neuroimaging and surgical specimens from 46 epilepsy patients with low-grade epilepsy-associated neuroepithelial tumors that had genetic mutations identified through panel sequencing to investigate their relationship to genotypes.

[Imaging Features and Differential Diagnosis of Meningiomas and Their Mimics].

Meningiomas are the most common brain tumors, often in the form of extra-axial masses adhering to the dura mater. Although there are typical imaging findings, meningiomas have a wide variety of imaging findings, owing to their different histological subtypes. Thus, it can be difficult to differentiate meningiomas from other diseases that present with similar imaging findings.

Basal Coronary Microvascular Resistance Predicting Death and Heart Failure in Patients Without Functional Coronary Stenosis.

Background: Abnormal coronary microcirculation is linked to poor patient prognosis, so the aim of the present study was to assess the prognostic relevance of basal microvascular resistance (b-IMR) in patients without functional coronary stenosis.

Methods And Results: Analyses of 226 patients who underwent intracoronary physiological assessment of the left anterior descending artery included primary endpoints of all-cause death and heart failure, as well as secondary endpoints of cardiovascular death and atherosclerotic vascular events. During a median follow-up of 2 years, there were 12 (5.