Postoperative function of lower extremity muscles and walking ability after total en bloc spondylectomy for lumbar spinal tumors.

Background Context: Total en bloc spondylectomy (TES) for lumbar tumors significantly impacts lower extremity motor function because of surgical stress on the lumbar nerve roots and psoas muscles.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the strength of the major lower extremity muscles and walking function following lumbar TES using prospectively collected data and identify functional differences based on the levels of the resected vertebrae.

Study Design/setting: Retrospective study with prospectively collected data PATIENT SAMPLE: Data were collected from 34 patients who underwent single-level TES for lumbar spinal tumors at our institution between January 2010 and December 2021.

The Recovery of Neurological Function and Walking Ability After Total En Bloc Spondylectomy for Spinal Tumors.

Background and objective Total en bloc spondylectomy (TES) is an excision surgery for spinal tumors. TES is a procedure that requires tremendous skills, and hence it is associated with a potential risk of neurological complications. This study aimed to examine the incidence of postoperative neurological dysfunction and to evaluate the recovery of neurological outcomes and walking ability after TES.

[A Case of Advanced Breast Cancer with Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis Complicated by Neurofibromatosis Type 1].

The patient was a 55-year-old woman who had been diagnosed with neurofibromatosis type 1(NF1)since she was young. A 50 mm mass with skin changes was palpated on the outside of the left breast. As a result of a detailed examination of the whole body, invasive ductal carcinoma of Luminal B like was observed, and cT4N1M0, Stage ⅢB left breast cancer was diagnosed.

Early Recognition of Hypermagnesemia-Induced Prolonged Muscle Relaxation and Delayed Arousal Through Ionized Magnesium Measurement.

Hypermagnesemia is often iatrogenic and special attention is required in patients taking magnesium oxide, particularly those with impaired renal function or gastrointestinal obstruction. We report a case of a 60-year-old man who developed obstructive ileus due to sigmoid colon cancer. He had been prescribed magnesium oxide (2000 mg/day) and magnesium citrate (34 g) preoperatively.

[A Case in Which Multiple Biopsies from Breast Cancer Skin Metastases Were Performed and Trastuzumab Deruxtecan Was Used after Low HER2 Expression Was Confirmed].

In March 2023, Trastuzumab deruxtecan(T-DXd)was added for the treatment of inoperable or recurrent breast cancer with low HER2 expression who has a history of chemotherapy. The patient was a 61-year-old woman who had undergone surgery for bilateral breast cancer, and was diagnosed with Stage ⅡA triple negative(HER2-IHC score 0)on the right and non-invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast on the left. Biopsy from metastases was triple-negative(HER2-IHC score 0, PD-L1 negative).

[A Case of a Metaplastic Breast Cancer That Grew in a Short Period of Time].

The patient is a 45-year-old woman. She was aware of a right breast mass and consulted a referring physician. She was referred to our department for close examination and treatment.

[A Surgical Case of a Giant Malignant Phyllodes Tumor of the Breast].

A 46-year-old woman experienced bleeding from a large tumor in her right breast and was hospitalized after calling an ambulance. At first, we suspected breast cancer, but a core needle biopsy under ultrasound revealed a diagnosis of malignant phyllodes tumor. The bleeding was temporarily controlled using Mohs paste, so emergency surgery was not required.

[Experience with Trastuzumab Deruxtecan for Brain Metastases of Breast Cancer].

Breast cancer is a representative malignancy that is prone to brain metastasis. Recently, several studies have reported the efficacy of trastuzumab deruxtecan(T-DXd)in treating brain metastases. We have used T-DXd in 10 patients with brain metastases, and stereotactic or whole brain irradiation was performed in 9 of 10 patients.

Relationship between Respiratory Function and the Strength of the Abdominal Trunk Muscles Including the Diaphragm in Middle-Aged and Older Adult Patients.

Respiration plays an important function in sustaining life. The diaphragm is the primary muscle involved in respiration, and plays an important role in trunk stabilization. Although it has been reported that respiratory function is important for trunk muscle stability, the correlation between respiratory function and abdominal trunk muscle strength remains undetermined.

SBDS Gene Mutation Increases ROS Production and Causes DNA Damage as Well as Oxidation of Mitochondrial Membranes in the Murine Myeloid Cell Line 32Dcl3.

Shwachman-Diamond syndrome (SDS) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by mutation in the Shwachman-Bodian-Diamond syndrome (SBDS) gene. SDS has a variety of clinical features, including exocrine pancreatic insufficiency and hematological dysfunction. Neutropenia is the most common symptom in patients with SDS.

[A Case of Postoperative Recurrence of Bilateral Breast Cancer in Which Stable Disease Condition Was Achieved by Olaparib].

The patient is a 51-year-old female with comorbidity of schizophrenia. At the age of 41, she underwent surgery for bilateral breast cancer. Both sides were of the Luminal type, with Stage ⅢC on the right and Stage 0 on the left.

Clinical Outcomes of Total En Bloc Spondylectomy for Previously Irradiated Spinal Metastases: A Retrospective Propensity Score-Matched Comparative Study.

This study aimed to investigate the clinical outcomes of total en bloc spondylectomy (TES) for spinal metastases previously treated with radiotherapy (RT). This study enrolled 142 patients who were divided into two groups: those with and those without an RT history. Forty-two patients were selected from each group through propensity score matching, and postoperative complications, local recurrence, and overall survival rates were compared.

The Impact of Frailty on Postoperative Complications in Total En Bloc Spondylectomy for Spinal Tumors.

Total en bloc spondylectomy (TES) is an effective treatment for spinal tumors. However, its complication rate is high, and the corresponding risk factors remain unclear. This study aimed to clarify the risk factors for postoperative complications after TES, including the patient's general condition, such as frailty and their levels of inflammatory biomarkers.

Characteristics and risk factors of instrumentation failure following total en bloc spondylectomy.

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence and characteristics of instrumentation failure (IF) after total en bloc spondylectomy (TES), and to analyze risk factors for IF.

Methods: The medical records from 136 patients (65 male, 71 female) with a mean age of 52.7 years (14 to 80) who underwent TES were retrospectively reviewed.

Risk Factors for Progressive Spinal Sagittal Imbalance in the Short-Term Course after Total Hip Arthroplasty: A 3 Year Follow-Up Study of Female Patients.

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) for patients with hip osteoarthritis improves hip flexion contracture, subsequently improving spinal sagittal balance. However, in some cases, spinal sagittal imbalance develops in the course after THA, and its risk factors remain unknown. We aimed to investigate the risk factors of progressive spinal sagittal imbalance after THA.

The influence of costal resection on pulmonary function after total en bloc spondylectomy for spine tumor.

Background: Total en bloc spondylectomy (TES) is one of the surgical procedures which has been recognized as a complete resection for spine tumors. Although the surgery achieves favorable local control for solitary spinal lesion, performing the procedure in the thoracic spine requires circumferential dissection around the vertebral body and bilateral rib resections which might result in decline of pulmonary function postoperatively. This study aimed to clarify whether the number of rib resections negatively impacts pulmonary function after the procedure.

Associations between Abdominal Trunk Muscle Weakness and Future Osteoporotic Vertebral Fracture in Middle-Aged and Older Adult Women: A Three-Year Prospective Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Potential risk factors associated with future osteoporotic vertebral fracture (OVF) were prospectively investigated in middle-aged and older adult women. We enrolled 197 female patients aged ≥50 years who were scheduled to undergo surgery for lower-extremity degenerative diseases. Patient anthropometric and muscle strength measurements, a bone mineral density measurement of the lumbar spine (L-BMD), and full-spine standing radiographs to examine the presence of old OVFs and spinopelvic sagittal parameters were obtained preoperatively.

Tumor-Specific Immunoenhancing Effects after Local Cryoablation for Metastatic Bone Tumor in a Mouse Model.

We investigated the abscopal effect after cryoablation (CA) on bone metastasis using a mouse model. Breast cancer cells were implanted in the bilateral tibiae of mice. The left tumor was treated locally with CA, and the right abscopal tumor (AT) was left untreated.

Risk factors that hinder locomotive syndrome improvement following surgery for musculoskeletal diseases in older patients: A multicentre prospective study.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate preoperative and post-operative locomotive syndrome (LS) in older adults undergoing surgical treatment for musculoskeletal diseases of the lumbar spine and lower extremities and identify risk factors that impede LS improvement after surgery.

Methods: The baseline evaluation included 471 patients 65 years or older [276 in the pre-old-age (65-74 years) group; 195 in the old-age (75 years or older) group] and examined the preoperative and post-operative LS data. The second evaluation performed to identify risk factors, including anthropometric measurements, comorbidity, and frailty, that hinder LS improvement after surgery included 378 patients with preoperative LS Stage 3.

Morphology Control of Monomer-Polymer Hybrid Electron Acceptor for Bulk-Heterojunction Solar Cell Based on P3HT and Ti-Alkoxide with Ladder Polymer.

We report the morphology control of a nano-phase-separated structure in the photoactive layer (power generation layer) of organic-inorganic hybrid thin-film solar cells to develop highly functional electronic devices for societal applications. Organic and inorganic-organic hybrid bulk heterojunction solar cells offer several advantages, including low manufacturing costs, light weight, mechanical flexibility, and a potential to be recycled because they can be fabricated by coating them on substrates, such as films. In this study, by incorporating the carrier manager ladder polymer BBL as the third component in a conventional two-component power generation layer consisting of P3HT-the conventional polythiophene derivative and titanium alkoxide-we demonstrate that the phase-separated structure of bulk heterojunction solar cells can be controlled.

Evaluation of locomotive syndrome in patients receiving surgical treatment for degenerative musculoskeletal diseases: A multicentre prospective study using the new criteria.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the condition of patients with locomotive syndrome (LS) and their improvement after undergoing surgery for degenerative musculoskeletal diseases using the new criteria, including stage 3.

Methods: In total, 435 patients aged ≥40 years (167 middle-aged and 268 older) were divided into four groups based on the disease location: the lumbar (n = 118), hip (n = 191), knee (n = 80), and foot and ankle (n = 46) groups. Patients were evaluated by pre- and 1 year postoperative LS risk tests, including the stand-up test, two-step test, and 25-Question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale.

Validation and comparison of trunk muscle activities in male participants during exercise using an innovative device and abdominal bracing maneuvers.

Background: Abdominal bracing is effective in strengthening the trunk muscles; however, assessing performance can be challenging. We created a device for performing abdominal trunk muscle exercises. The effectiveness of this device has not yet been evaluated or comparedOBJECTIVE: We aimed to quantify muscle activity levels during exercise using our innovative device and to compare them with muscle activation during abdominal bracing maneuvers.

Abscopal Effect of Frozen Autograft Reconstruction Combined with an Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Analyzed Using a Metastatic Bone Tumor Model.

We evaluated the abscopal effect of re-implantation of liquid nitrogen-treated tumor-bearing bone grafts and the synergistic effect of anti-PD-1 (programmed death-1) therapy using a bone metastasis model, created by injecting MMT-060562 cells into the bilateral tibiae of 6-8-week-old female C3H mice. After 2 weeks, the lateral tumors were treated by excision, cryotreatment using liquid nitrogen, excision with anti-PD-1 treatment, and cryotreatment with anti-PD-1 treatment. Anti-mouse PD-1 4H2 was injected on days 1, 6, 12, and 18 post-treatment.