Case Report: Application of controlled pericardial drainage in type A aortic dissection complicated by cardiac tamponade.

Background: Type A aortic dissection (TAAD) complicated by cardiac tamponade represents a life-threatening cardiovascular emergency. Acute pericardial effusion can severely compromise cardiac function. Although emergent surgical repair remains the gold standard, preoperative hemodynamic instability substantially increases surgical risk.

Increased tau-induced inflammatory responses are associated with a greater degree of atherosclerosis in progressive supranuclear palsy.

Introduction: It has been reported that progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) has a higher prevalence of cerebrovascular disease (CVD); however, the relationship between PSP and atherosclerotic disease remains poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the burden of atherosclerosis in patients with PSP and explore the potential role of tau-induced inflammation in its pathogenesis.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 56 patients with PSP and 56 age- and sex-matched healthy controls.

Comparative mitochondrial genome and transcriptome analyses reveal strain-specific features of RNA editing in Trypanosoma brucei.

Trypanosoma brucei, a kinetoplastid parasite, cycles between a tsetse fly vector and a mammalian host, undergoing profound changes in cell architecture and metabolism. Central to these transitions are modifications in mitochondrial structure, volume, and energy production. The parasite's mitochondrial genome is highly complex, comprising a few maxicircles that encode proteins and rRNAs, and thousands of minicircles that encode guide RNAs (gRNAs).

Total synthesis and biological evaluation of Koshidacin B, TAN-1746, and Ac-TAN-1746.

Analogues of chlamydocin derivatives consistently demonstrate multifaceted bioactivities, particularly through HDAC inhibition mechanisms, oncolytic efficacy, and neuronal preservation capacities. These activities primarily originate from their unique cyclic tetrapeptide scaffold and functional groups within the side chains that enable specific interactions with biomacromolecules. We herein report the total syntheses of three naturally occurring chlamydocin analogues-koshidacin B, TAN-1746, and Ac-TAN-1746.

Trends in the disease burden of early-onset cancers in China from 1990 to 2021: a systematic analysis of the 2021 Global Burden of Disease study.

Background: In recent years, the incidence of early-onset cancers among individuals under 50 years of age has been on the rise. We aimed to analyze the disease burden and temporal trends of early-onset cancers in China, providing a basis for policymakers to develop appropriate strategies.

Methods: We utilized data from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study to describe the changes in early-onset cancers in China from 1990 to 2021, including incidence, mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs).

Multivariate model for predicting crop fluorine content based on soil physicochemical properties and fluorine speciation.

Fluoride (F), an essential trace element with dual health implications, poses significant ecological risks when its biogeochemical cycle is disrupted in soil-crop systems. This study addresses the limitations of total soil F content in assessing crop F bioavailability through a systematic investigation of 30 paired agricultural soil-wheat samples from Zhouzhi County, Guanzhong Plain. Sequential extraction revealed residual F as the dominant speciation (79.

Enhanced reverse zoonotic potential and immune evasion by omicron JN.1 variant.

SARS-CoV-2 infects not only humans but also animals, posing reverse zoonotic risks. As SARS-CoV-2 rapidly evolves, JN.1 has become dominant globally.

Amoebic liver abscess: diagnosis and management of a single case in Guangdong, China.

Background: Amoebic liver abscess is a hepatic infection due to the invasion of Entamoeba histolytica. This parasitic infection is globally distributed, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. A remarkable decline in the incidence of amoebic liver abscesses has been observed in recent years thanks to economic and public health progress.

Notable ecological risks of microplastics to Minjiang River ecosystem over headwater to upstream in Eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.

Microplastics (MPs) in aquatic environments has been observed globally. However, the ecological risks of MP pollution in riverhead prior to highly urbanized region remain poorly understood. This study investigated MP pollution related to microbiome in sediments, and ecological risks of MPs in riverhead prior to urbanized area over 291 km of Minjiang River (MJR) in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP).

Potential ecological risk of microplastics contamination to environment in protect area lakes.

Microplastics (MPs) in freshwater have been extensively studied on a global scale. However, a deeper understanding is still required regarding the occurrence characteristics and ecological risks of MPs in protected area lakes(PAL). Here, the study investigated MPs pollution in PAL, outside protected areas lakes (OPAL), and ponds (OPAP) in the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, and a comprehensive analysis was conducted comparing lakes or ponds from different income regions.

Effect of Pregenomic RNA on the Mechanical Stability of HBV Capsid by Coarse-Grained Molecular Simulations.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a double-stranded DNA virus, but its life cycle involves an intermediate stage, during which pregenomic RNA (pgRNA) is encapsulated in the capsid and then reverse-transcribed into the minus DNA strand. These immature HBV virions are the key target for antiviral drug discovery. In this study, we investigate the flexibility and mechanical stability of the HBV capsid containing pgRNA by employing residue-resolved coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations.

Optimizing the Agricultural Internet of Things (IoT) with Edge Computing and Low-Altitude Platform Stations.

Using low-altitude platform stations (LAPSs) in the agricultural Internet of Things (IoT) enables the efficient and precise monitoring of vast and hard-to-reach areas, thereby enhancing crop management. By integrating edge computing servers into LAPSs, data can be processed directly at the edge in real time, significantly reducing latency and dependency on remote cloud servers. Motivated by these advancements, this paper explores the application of LAPSs and edge computing in the agricultural IoT.

[Research Progress of Transcatheter Tricuspid Regurgitation Repair Device].

The tricuspid valve has been nicknamed the "forgotten valve" and is often neglected by clinicians. However, tricuspid regurgitation is a common clinical heart valve disease. With the continuous development of transcatheter interventional medical device technology, the treatment of tricuspid regurgitation has gradually attracted attention, and more and more companies are developing interventional medical devices for treating this disease.

Photoswitchable Azobispyrazole Crystals Achieving Near-Quantitative Crystalline-State Bidirectional ⇆ Conversions.

Azo molecules, being extensively studied as photoswitches, have demonstrated versatile photoswitching performance and applications in solution-phase systems. However, the dense molecular packing and insufficient conformational freedom in the solid/crystalline state typically pose a challenge to their ⇆ isomerization. This study presents a breakthrough in solid-state azo chemistry, where the investigated azobispyrazole molecules are capable of achieving high → photoconversion, ranging from 85% to nearly quantitative (96%), and quantitative → photoswitching in their crystalline states.

Genetic prediction of micronutrient levels and the risk of colorectal polyps: A mendelian randomization study.

Objective: Previous epidemiological and experimental studies have yielded conflicting results regarding the influence of human micronutrient levels on the risk of colorectal polyps (CP). In our study, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) investigation to probe the link between 13 human micronutrients (calcium, selenium, magnesium, phosphorus, folate, vitamins B-6, B-12, C, D, beta-carotene, iron, zinc, and copper) and the genetic susceptibility to CP.

Methods: Summary statistics for CP (n = 463,010) were obtained from pan-European genome-wide association studies, and instrumental variables for 13 micronutrients were screened from published genome-wide association studies (GWAS).

Anthropogenic and biological activities elevate microplastics pollution in headwater ecosystem of Yangtze tributaries in Hindu Kush-Himalayan region.

Microplastic (MP) pollution is widely spread in oceans, freshwater, and terrestrial environments but MPs in mountainous headwater ecosystem are rarely reported. This study focuses on the headwater of Yangtze tributaries of the Hindu Kush-Himalayan (HKH) region. Five streams at elevations of 900 to 3300 m were selected to investigate the distribution of MPs in water and sediments across altitudes.

Joint cooperative caching and power control for UAV-assisted internet of vehicles.

In view of the current problems of spectrum resource scarcity, return congestion, and insufficient energy utilization in the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted Internet of Vehicles (IoV), this paper investigates the cooperative caching and power control, and proposes a joint optimization method to improve the overall Energy Efficiency (EE) . In this method, we first propose a communication establishment threshold to control the V2V communication distance and serve as a joint optimization factor. Then we derive the closed form expressions of offloading ratio and EE of the UAV-assisted IoV, and formulate the optimization problem of maximizing EE.

Non-negligible impact of microplastics on wetland ecosystems.

There has been much concern about microplastic (MP) pollution in marine and soil environments, but attention is gradually shifting towards wetland ecosystems, which are a transitional zone between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. This paper comprehensively reviews the sources of MPs in wetland ecosystems, as well as their occurrence characteristics, factors influencing their migration, and their effects on animals, plants, microorganisms, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. It was found that MPs in wetland ecosystems originate mainly from anthropogenic sources (sewage discharge, and agricultural and industrial production) and natural sources (rainfall-runoff, atmospheric deposition, and tidal effects).

Type-II IFN inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication in human lung epithelial cells and ex vivo human lung tissues through indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-mediated pathways.

Interferons (IFNs) are critical for immune defense against pathogens. While type-I and -III IFNs have been reported to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication, the antiviral effect and mechanism of type-II IFN against SARS-CoV-2 remain largely unknown. Here, we evaluate the antiviral activity of type-II IFN (IFNγ) using human lung epithelial cells (Calu3) and ex vivo human lung tissues.

Urbanization and weather dynamics co-dominated the spatial-temporal variation in pCO and CO fluxes in small montanic rivers draining diverse landscapes.

Rivers have been widely reported as important CO emitters to the atmosphere. Rapid urbanization has a profound impact on the carbon biogeochemical cycle of rivers, leading to enhanced riverine CO evasions. However, it is still unclear whether the spatial-temporal patterns of CO emissions in the rivers draining diverse landscapes dominated by urbanization were stable, especially in mountainous areas.

Divergent trajectory of replication and intrinsic pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron post-BA.2/5 subvariants in the upper and lower respiratory tract.

Background: Earlier Omicron subvariants including BA.1, BA.2, and BA.

Bear bile powder alleviates Parkinson's disease-like behavior in mice by inhibiting astrocyte-mediated neuroinflammation.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease in middle-aged and elderly people. In particular, increasing evidence has showed that astrocyte-mediated neuroinflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of PD. As a precious traditional Chinese medicine, bear bile powder (BBP) has a long history of use in clinical practice.