Protective association of healthy lifestyle behaviours with incident functional constipation: A population-based prospective cohort study.

Introduction: The combined effect of some modifiable lifestyle factors on incident functional constipation (FC) is uncertain. This study aimed to evaluate the combined association between healthy lifestyle behaviours and FC incidence.

Methods: This population-based prospective cohort study involved 107,457 adults aged 40-70 years who had no FC diagnosis at baseline from the UK Biobank study.

Social determinants of health and progression to cardio-renal-metabolic multimorbidity and mortality in people with prediabetes: A prospective cohort study.

Aims: Social determinants of health (SDHs) have been increasingly recognised as upstream drivers of preventable health disparities. However, it is unclear what the role of SDHs is in the whole progression of prediabetes. We aimed to delineate the impact of SDHs on the progression from prediabetes to subsequent cardio-renal-metabolic disease (CRMD), cardio-renal-metabolic multimorbidity (CRMM) and mortality.

Association Between Comorbidity Clusters and Mortality in Patients With Cancer: Predictive Modeling Using Machine Learning Approaches of Data From the United States and Hong Kong.

Background: Patients with cancer and cancer survivors often experience multiple chronic health conditions, which can impact symptom burden and treatment outcomes. Despite the high prevalence of multimorbidity, research on cancer prognosis has predominantly focused on cancers in isolation. There is growing interest in machine learning techniques for cancer studies.

Efficacy of Multimodal Psychological Interventions on Pain After Surgery in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Postsurgical pain is common among people who undergo breast cancer (BC) surgery and affects health-related quality of life. The aim of this systematic review was to determine the efficacy of multimodal psychologic interventions to reduce pain after BC surgery.

Methods: Nine bibliographic databases and three trial registries were searched from their inception to September 2024.

Analysis of medication management system data to determine potentially inappropriate medication use and hospitalization among older adults living in residential care homes for the elderly population.

Objectives: Many older adults living in Resident Care Homes for the Elderly (RCHEs) are at risk of polypharmacy and the use of potentially inappropriate medication (PIM). Few studies have evaluated the prevalence and consequences of PIM use among older adults living in RCHEs. The objectives of this study are (1) to evaluate the prevalence of PIM use in 29 RCHEs in Hong Kong, and (2) to investigate the association between PIM use and hospitalization in this population.

Psychosocial challenges among Asian adolescents and young adults with cancer: a scoping review.

Background: Most of the landmark cohorts and reviews that assessed the psychosocial outcomes among adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors have focused on Western populations. This scoping review summarizes the existing evidence on psychosocial challenges experienced by AYAs with cancer in Asia, specifically work- and school-related outcomes, financial distress, social relationships, and concerns with infertility.

Methods: A literature search was conducted on Embase and Medline for studies that (1) were published in English between 2000 and 2023, (2) recruited AYAs diagnosed with cancer between the age of 15 and 39 years, (3) were conducted in Asia, and (4) assessed outcomes related to (i) work or/and school performance, (ii) financial distress, (iii) romantic relationship or/and relationship with family and peers, and (iii) concerns with childbirth and infertility.

A Hybrid Deep Learning-Based Feature Selection Approach for Supporting Early Detection of Long-Term Behavioral Outcomes in Survivors of Cancer: Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: The number of survivors of cancer is growing, and they often experience negative long-term behavioral outcomes due to cancer treatments. There is a need for better computational methods to handle and predict these outcomes so that physicians and health care providers can implement preventive treatments.

Objective: This study aimed to create a new feature selection algorithm to improve the performance of machine learning classifiers to predict negative long-term behavioral outcomes in survivors of cancer.

Genetic evidence for the effects of glucokinase activation on frailty-related outcomes: A Mendelian randomisation study.

Aims: We aimed to use the Mendelian randomisation (MR) design to investigate the potential causal effects of glucokinase (GK) activation on frailty-related outcomes and to explore the potential mediating effects of metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers.

Materials And Methods: Seventeen independent single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located within the GCK gene and significantly correlated with the glycated haemoglobin (HbA) level were used as genetic proxies for the effect of GK activation. We employed two-sample MR analysis to assess the relationship between genetically proxied GK activation and multifactorial frailty-related outcomes (frailty index, grip strength, walking pace, appendicular lean mass [ALM] and telomere length) We also explored the potential mediating effects using two-step MR.

Evaluation of bronchial hyperresponsiveness in asthmatic paediatric patients using mannitol challenge test - Impacts of body mass index.

Background: Increasing epidemiological studies reported that overweight/obese asthma patients had more frequent and severe symptoms and exacerbations, indicating their asthma management may not be sufficient. Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), a significant feature of asthma, was found to link with the body mass index (BMI) with mixed findings using the "direct" methacholine challenge test. The objective was to examine the association between BMI and asthma control, as reflected by the "indirect" AHR with the mannitol challenge test in a paediatric asthmatic population.

Association of Healthy Lifestyle Behaviours With Incident Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: The combined effects of some modifiable lifestyle factors on incident inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are uncertain.

Aims: To evaluate the combined association between healthy lifestyle behaviours and IBD incidence.

Methods: This population-based prospective cohort study used data from the UK Biobank.

Perceptions in 3.6 Million Web-Based Posts of Online Communities on the Use of Cancer Immunotherapy: Data Mining Using BERTopic.

Background: Immunotherapy has become a game changer in cancer treatment. The internet has been used by patients as a platform to share personal experiences and seek medical guidance. Despite the increased utilization of immunotherapy in clinical practice, few studies have investigated the perceptions about its use by analyzing social media data.

Efficacy of Traditional, Complementary, and Integrative Medicine in Pain and Psychological Distress Management for Pediatric Palliative Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Context: Traditional, complementary, and integrative medicine (TCIM) is being increasingly used to manage symptoms in patients with palliative needs. However, there is a lack of evidence to guide its use in the pediatric palliative care (PPC) setting.

Objectives: This study aimed to synthesize and evaluate the current evidence on the effectiveness of TCIM in reducing pain and psychological distress in PPC.

Parental Acceptance of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Among Females Treated for Childhood Cancer and/or With Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Survivors of childhood cancer (CCS) and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients are at increased risk of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated malignancies. Although HPV vaccination is recommended for these groups, parental acceptance remains uncertain.

Procedure: We recruited caregivers of female CCS/HSCT aged ≥9 years from the Shanghai Children's Medical Center (SCMC) vaccination clinic.

Frailty and neurocognitive impairments in Chinese survivors of childhood cancer.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and predictors of frailty and the association between frailty and neurocognitive impairments among Chinese survivors of childhood cancer.

Methods: A total of 185 survivors of childhood cancer were recruited from a long-term follow-up clinic in Hong Kong (response rate: 94.4%; 48.

Impact of Body Image Perception on Behavioral Outcomes in Chinese Adolescent and Young Adult Survivors of Sarcoma.

Purpose: To identify the prevalence and predictive factors of body image dissatisfaction among Chinese adolescent and young adult (AYA) survivors of sarcoma and to evaluate its associations with behavioral outcomes.

Methods: In total, 116 AYA survivors (response rate: 88%; 48.3% female; mean age 28.

Accessibility of and Barriers to Long-Term Follow-Up Care for Childhood Cancer Survivors.

Importance: Childhood cancer survivorship programs and long-term follow-up (LTFU) practices are inadequate in most regions of China.

Objective: To understand the clinician and caregiver perceptions of LTFU care and to identify barriers to adherence to LTFU care in mainland China.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This survey study had a 2-phase sequential mixed-methods approach, consisting of a cross-sectional survey followed by semistructured interviews.

Association between fish oil and glucosamine use and mortality in patients diagnosed with cancer: the role of the Life Essential 8 score and cancer prognosis.

Background: The effect of supplements on mortality risk in patients with cancer remains uncertain and has scarcely been investigated in subgroups of patients with varying characteristics. This study aimed to investigate the association between two popular supplements, fish oil and glucosamine, and mortality risk in a large population-based cohort and determine whether cardiovascular health and clinical prognosis influence these associations.

Methods: This prospective cohort study analyzed the data of UK Biobank participants who were diagnosed with cancer.

Understanding the Experience of Cancer Survivorship Among Pediatric and Adolescent Cancer Survivors and Their Parents Through Camera Lenses: A Photovoice Study.

Objective: Although the relative survival rate of childhood cancer has increased substantially in recent years, the pursuit of successful outcomes is often accompanied by negative impacts on pediatric and adolescent cancer survivors and their parents' physical and psychological well-being. However, little is known about their experiences during the period of cancer survivorship. This study aimed to gain an understanding of the experience of cancer survivorship among pediatric and adolescent cancer survivors and their parents.

Care coordination models for transition and long-term follow-up among childhood cancer survivors: a scoping review.

Objectives: Childhood cancer survivors may experience complex health issues during transition and long-term follow-up (LTFU); therefore, high-quality healthcare is warranted. Care coordination is one of the essential concepts in advanced healthcare. Care coordination models vary among childhood cancer survivors in transition and LTFU.

Guidance on mucositis assessment from the MASCC Mucositis Study Group and ISOO: an international Delphi study.

Background: Mucositis is a common and highly impactful side effect of conventional and emerging cancer therapy and thus the subject of intense investigation. Although common practice, mucositis assessment is heterogeneously adopted and poorly guided, impacting evidence synthesis and translation. The Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) Mucositis Study Group (MSG) therefore aimed to establish expert recommendations for how existing mucositis assessment tools should be used, in clinical care and trials contexts, to improve the consistency of mucositis assessment.

Objective monitoring tools for improved management of childhood asthma.

Asthma is a common chronic disease amongst children. Epidemiological studies showed that the mortality rate of asthma in children is still high worldwide. Asthma control is therefore essential to minimize asthma exacerbations, which can be fatal if the condition is poorly controlled.

The use of potentially interacting supplement-drug pairs in adults with type 2 diabetes: A large population-based cohort study in the UK Biobank.

Aims: To examine the patterns of use of potentially interacting supplement-drug pairs in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in real-world settings, and to explore the impact of potentially interacting supplement-drug pairs on downstream outcomes.

Methods: Potentially interacting supplement-drug pairs were identified from four tertiary databases. We categorized the potential pharmacodynamic interactions into different clinical types according to their related outcomes and explored their associations with incident outcomes using Cox models.