Management of Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension During Hospitalization in Maxillofacial Departments.

: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HTN) continue to increase and pose a significant burden on the health system worldwide. These patients comprise a significant portion of the hospitalized Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS) department. Addressing and controlling DM and HTN during hospitalization should thus be one of the treatment goals.

Knowledge and responsibility in CBCT practice among general and specialized Israeli dentists - a questionnaire based study.

Background: The use of Cone-Beam-Computed-Tomography (CBCT) is rapidly increasing in dentistry. This study aimed to evaluate CBCT use among dentists across various fields and how it is affected by various measures.

Methods: We sent an anonymous questionnaire to Israeli dentists, which assessed the clinical use (including requested output: cross-sectional-images (CSI), DICOM-files, interpretation report), knowledge, and medico-legal issues of CBCT imaging.

A systematic review of salivary gland hypofunction and/or xerostomia induced by non-surgical cancer therapies: prevention strategies.

Purpose: This systematic review aimed to assess the updated literature for the prevention of salivary gland hypofunction and xerostomia induced by non-surgical cancer therapies.

Methods: Electronic databases of MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCT) that investigated interventions to prevent salivary gland hypofunction and/or xerostomia. Literature search began from the 2010 systematic review publications from the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer/International Society of Oral Oncology (MASCC/ISOO) up to February 2024.

Recent advances in cancer therapy-associated oral mucositis.

Oral mucositis (OM) is a common and debilitating toxicity of cancer treatments - chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hematopoietic cell transplant, or combinations. OM is associated with severe oral pain and has negative impacts on patient function and quality of life. Additionally, OM has accompanying systemic complications that may have critical implications.

Guidance on mucositis assessment from the MASCC Mucositis Study Group and ISOO: an international Delphi study.

Background: Mucositis is a common and highly impactful side effect of conventional and emerging cancer therapy and thus the subject of intense investigation. Although common practice, mucositis assessment is heterogeneously adopted and poorly guided, impacting evidence synthesis and translation. The Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) Mucositis Study Group (MSG) therefore aimed to establish expert recommendations for how existing mucositis assessment tools should be used, in clinical care and trials contexts, to improve the consistency of mucositis assessment.

Emerging pharmacotherapy trends in preventing and managing oral mucositis induced by chemoradiotherapy and targeted agents.

Introduction: The introduction of targeted therapy and immunotherapy has tremendously changed the clinical outcomes and prognosis of cancer patients. Despite innovative pharmacological therapies and improved radiotherapy (RT) techniques, patients continue to suffer from side effects, of which oral mucositis (OM) is still the most impactful, especially for quality of life.

Areas Covered: We provide an overview of current advances in cancer pharmacotherapy and RT, in relation to their potential to cause OM, and of the less explored and more recent literature reports related to the best management of OM.

Central giant cell granuloma of the jaws-long-term clinical and radiological outcomes of surgical and pharmacological management.

Objectives: To compare long-term results of different treatment modalities in central giant cell granuloma of the maxillofacial-skeleton. Primary resection may result in major defects. Alternative treatments include pharmacological agents.

Clinical use of photobiomodulation for the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis: the real-life experience of MASCC/ISOO members.

Aim: To assess clinical use and patient outcome of photobiomodulation (PBM) for oral mucositis (OM) prevention and treatment among specialized practitioners.

Methods: A poll was emailed to the members of the Mucositis Study Group of MASCC/ISOO. The PBM parameters used by the respondents were analyzed using exploratory statistical methods to identify combinations of PBM parameters (patterns) that characterize the variance in the protocols (principal component analysis).

Deep convolutional neural network algorithm for the automatic segmentation of oral potentially malignant disorders and oral cancers.

This study aimed to develop an algorithm to automatically segment the oral potentially malignant diseases (OPMDs) and oral cancers (OCs) of all oral subsites with various deep convolutional neural network applications. A total of 510 intraoral images of OPMDs and OCs were collected over 3 years (2006-2009). All images were confirmed both with patient records and histopathological reports.

Deep learning for detection and 3D segmentation of maxillofacial bone lesions in cone beam CT.

Objectives: To develop an automated deep-learning algorithm for detection and 3D segmentation of incidental bone lesions in maxillofacial CBCT scans.

Methods: The dataset included 82 cone beam CT (CBCT) scans, 41 with histologically confirmed benign bone lesions (BL) and 41 control scans (without lesions), obtained using three CBCT devices with diverse imaging protocols. Lesions were marked in all axial slices by experienced maxillofacial radiologists.

Radiographic findings of space-occupying lesions in sialo-CBCT of the major salivary glands.

Objectives: When performing CBCT sialography (sialo-CBCT), space-occupying lesions may be identified incidentally. The objective was to describe their radiologic-clinical-histopathologic correlations.

Method And Materials: The archive of sialo-CBCT scans was retrospectively searched for suspected space-occupying lesions.

Solitary Extraosseous Neurofibroma in a 5-Year-Old Child - A Case Report.

Rationale: Neurofibroma (NF) is the most common benign peripheral nerve sheath tumour that most often occurs as a solitary tumour. A clinical and imaging diagnosis may be challenging since no distinctive features are unique for this lesion. Solitary NFs are treated by complete resection that may sometimes require a nerve sacrifice, ending with a neurological deficit.

Intraoral and transcutaneous point-of-care-ultrasound: an adjunct bedside tool for oral and maxillofacial clinicians.

Point-of-care-ultrasound (PoCUS) is performed by the clinician at the patient's bedside and is an essential diagnostic tool in many medical subspecialties, in hospital-based care, emergencies, trauma, and in general practice. A simple, novel approach for implementation of PoCUS of the oral cavity and maxillofacial complex is introduced. Relevant indications include differentiating abscess from cellulitis, detecting jaw and facial fractures, assessment of surgical complications, removing foreign bodies, and evaluating soft tissue masses.

Is Open Reduction Internal Fixation Using Titanium Plates in the Mandible as Successful as We Think?

Titanium plats are the gold-standard for fracture fixation. Titanium is considered biocompatible, corrosion resistant with an elasticity-modulus closest to bone. Nonetheless, titanium plates are not always as inherent as hoped.

Standardization of terminology, imaging features, and interpretation of CBCT sialography of major salivary glands: a clinical review.

Sialography combined with cone beam computerized tomography (sialo-CBCT) is an imaging technique that demonstrates the ductal system of the major salivary glands and allows evaluation of gland function. This review describes the sialo-CBCT technique, terminology, common pitfalls and limitations, as well as radiographic features and suggested pathogenicity of various salivary gland disorders, based on 1,758 sialo-CBCT examinations conducted over the last decade in one institution, and the current literature. The adoption of standardized terminology is proposed to prevent miscommunication, facilitate formulation of differential diagnoses, and thereby promote patient management: (1) Sialo-CBCT requires specific training, and operator experience is required for adequate glandular filling with minimal extravasation; (2) Limit injection-to-scan time to avoid pre-mature emptying; (3) The sialo-CBCT report should include a description of the morphology of the primary duct as well as the secondary, tertiary, and descending branches, the maximal branching level, the presence of sialectasis, overall glandular size, and parenchymal findings; (4) Functional evaluation is based on assessment of iodine clearance in the post evacuation image; (5) Sialectasis and ductopenia are the main findings in Sjogren syndrome and recurrent juvenile parotitis; (6) Sialodochitis with or without fillings defects or hyperdense calcifications characterize obstructive sialadenitis and sialolithiasis; (7) The findings following radioactive-iodine-induced damage are similar to obstructive sialadenitis, with atrophy in late stages; (8) In chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD), variable presentations of ductopenia, sialectasis, and sialodochitis may be evident; (9) The red flags indicating a space-occupying lesion include areas of no filling, splaying of ducts, and primary duct deviation.

Diagnostic correlation between clinical protocols and magnetic resonance findings in temporomandibular disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Our aim was to assess the diagnostic correlation between clinical protocols and magnetic resonance (MRI) findings in temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), including disc displacement with and without reduction (DDwR; DDwoR) and arthralgia.

Methods: A systematic review performed in two phases according to the PRISMA checklist. Specific indexing terms were used for search of studies assessing TMDs through clinical diagnostic protocols with the aid of Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMDs or Diagnostic Criteria for TMDs.

Caries experience, periodontal status, and metabolic morbidity in patients with psychiatric disorders.

Objectives: To investigate the association of psychiatric disorders with (1) caries experience, (2) periodontal status, and (3) metabolic syndrome (MetS) components.

Method And Materials: This 7-year cross-sectional study retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 504 individuals aged 18 to 90 years who attended the student dental clinic. Collected data included: demographics, smoking habits, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, pulse, waist circumference, full-mouth plaque score (FMPS), full-mouth bleeding score (FMBS), maximal pocket probing depth (PPD), average and maximal radiographic bone loss (RBL), the sum of the number of decayed (D), missing (M), and filled (F) teeth (DMFT score), and presence of MetS components, consequences and related conditions including diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, s/p stroke, and cancer.

Important radiographic features in the identification of osseous dysplasia-related osteomyelitis.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to identify radiographic features that distinguish osseous dysplasia-related osteomyelitis (OD-related OM) from OD without OM and to detect possible causes of OD-related OM.

Study Design: Seventeen OD cases with and without OM were examined on planar and volumetric (cone beam computed tomography or multidetector computed tomography) imaging. Cases were divided into 3 groups based on clinical data: symptomatic OM, incidental (asymptomatic) OM, and control (OD without OM).

An artificial intelligence system using machine-learning for automatic detection and classification of dental restorations in panoramic radiography.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to develop a computer vision algorithm based on artificial intelligence, designed to automatically detect and classify various dental restorations on panoramic radiographs.

Study Design: A total of 738 dental restorations in 83 anonymized panoramic images were analyzed. Images were automatically cropped to obtain the region of interest containing maxillary and mandibular alveolar ridges.

Necrotizing sialometaplasia of the palate in a young bodybuilder with anabolic androgenic steroids abuse.

Necrotizing sialometaplasia is a benign, self-limiting, inflammatory disease of salivary glands, mainly involving the minor salivary glands in the palate. This lesion can mimic a malignant neoplasm, both clinically and histopathologically, manifesting as a submucosal swelling or as an ulcer of the palate. This report presents a case of an otherwise healthy bodybuilder with anabolic androgenic steroids abuse with bilateral necrotizing sialometaplasia in the palate, and discusses computed tomography findings in the pre-ulceration phase.

Where periodontitis meets metabolic syndrome-The role of common health-related risk factors.

Objectives: To analyse and compare associations between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in periodontitis compared to control patients.

Methods: This 7-year cross-sectional study retrospectively analysed medical records of 504 individuals aged 18-90 who attended the student dental clinic between 2008 and 2014. Demographics, smoking habits, blood pressure, waist circumference, as well as presence of: periodontitis, MetS, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, stroke, heart disease, cancer and psychiatric disorders were recorded.

Ameloblastoma incidentally detected in cone-beam computed tomography sialography: A case report and review of the literature.

Background And Overview: Cone-beam computerized tomographic (CBCT) imaging is increasingly used in the maxillofacial region for various purposes. The volumetric dataset created by means of CBCT increases the possibility of detecting incidental findings.

Case Description: In this case report, the authors describe an otherwise healthy 45-year-old man who was referred from the Sjogren's Syndrome Center in Jerusalem, Israel, for bilateral parotid CBCT sialographic imaging owing to xerostomia lasting for 4 months.

Periodic persistent orofacial pain due to osteomyelitis of the mandible: A case report.

Chronic osteomyelitis of the jaws presents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. A 45-year-old woman presented with episodic pain in the right mandible of two and a half years' duration. During active periods, lasting for 2 to 3 weeks, the pain woke the patient from sleep at a regular time, and had features mimicking a variant of cluster headache.