Rhizospheric Fe-S-mediated N/P cycling disparities and adaptive strategies to long-term pesticide stress among distinct constructed wetlands plant types.

The differences in rhizosphere Fe-S cycling-mediated nitrogen and phosphorus removal, as well as the corresponding adaptive strategies among different wetland plant types under long-term pesticide stress, remain largely unexplored. This study investigates the responses of constructed wetlands planted with emergent and submerged plants over 330 days, including 160 days of exposure to varying concentrations (0.5, 1.

Amino acid mutations of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) capsid protein increase virus binding to host and evade immune responses: An evaluation of viral evolution.

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), the causative agent of porcine circovirus-associated diseases (PCVAD), has caused huge economic losses in the swine industry. Despite a worldwide disease distribution and numerous reports of the field epidemiology of PCV2, the molecular epidemiology and genetic evolution of PCV2 are not well characterized. In this study, 72 complete genomes of PCV2 strains sequenced from 2016 to 2022 in China were produced; phylogenetic analyses demonstrated three genotypes (PCV2a, PCV2b, and PCV2d).

Iron modified biochar derived from diverse feedstock: Enhancing denitrification and mechanistic insights into the detoxification and removal of Cu and Pb.

Simultaneous removal of nitrate and heavy metals (HMs) from wastewater is a critical challenge due to their distinct chemical behaviors and impacts on microbial processes. Biochar-based materials have emerged as promising multifunctional platforms for integrated pollutant remediation. This study investigates the dual functionality of iron-modified biochar (prepared from rice husk, waste shell, and crayfish shell) in enhancing denitrification by Aquabacterium sp.

Manganese oxidation-reduction coupling denitrification performance of strain Pseudomonas sp. XFQ: Dual-function comparison and potential mechanisms.

In response to the nitrate (NO-N) and manganese (Mn) contamination in aquatic systems polluted by industrial and agricultural activities, this study isolated a strain Pseudomonas sp. XFQ that can simultaneously achieve Mn redox coupled denitrification. In the Mn(Ⅱ) oxidation-coupled denitrification system (carbon to nitrogen ratio = 2.

Using sludge biochar@waste pellet ore@kelp extract to enhance Feammox and removal of heavy metals: Performance evaluation and possible metabolic mechanisms.

The co-occurrence of nitrogen (N) and heavy metals (HMs) in industrial wastewater has emerged as a critical environmental challenge. Feammox-mediated N removal remains constrained by limited iron (Fe(III)) bioavailability and microbial susceptibility to HMs toxicity. This study developed a multifunctional composite through strategic integration of sludge-based biochar (SBC), pellet ore (PO), and kelp extract (KE) to overcome these limitations.

Mechanistic insights and performance of Mn redox cycling in a dual-bacteria bioreactor for ammonium and Cr(VI) removal.

The co-contamination of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) and ammonium (NH-N) in industrial wastewater has attracted considerable attention due to its serious threats to both ecological systems and public health. Manganese(IV) (Mn(IV))-driven NH-N oxidation (Mnammox) coupled with Mn(II)-mediated denitrification (MnOD), built on the Mn redox cycle, is a promising nitrogen removal process, where Mn(II) and NO-N generated during Mnammox were effectively controlled by MnOD. Herein, a bioreactor integrating Mnammox and MnOD for NH-N and Cr(VI) removal was constructed utilizing core-shell gel beads embedded with two core strains and δ-MnO.

Simultaneous removal of carbamazepine, nitrate, and copper in a biofilm reactor filled with FeMn-modified ceramsite.

Mixtures of pollutants are a significant challenge for conventional wastewater treatment processes. In the present work, the potential of a biofilm reactor to simultaneously remove nitrate (NO-N), carbamazepine (CBZ), and copper ions (Cu) was evaluated. The reactor was filled with FeMn-modified ceramsite (CS@FeMn) and inoculated with the strains of Cupriavidus sp.

Simultaneous removal of ammonia, cadmium, and oxytetracycline via a double-layer immobilized bioreactor driven by manganese redox: Optimization and potential mechanism.

The coexistence of ammonia nitrogen (NH-N), heavy metals and antibiotics in composite polluted wastewater has garnered significant attention. This study developed a novel double-layer biological carrier using sodium alginate, diatomite, polyvinyl alcohol, manganese-modified biochar, and pyrolusite, loaded with strains YZ8 and MA23 to form an efficient bioreactor (M1). Under conditions of a hydraulic retention time of 24 h, the carbon to nitrogen ratio and pH were 1.

Simultaneous removal of nitrate, carbamazepine, and copper by fulvic acid and ferric chloride composite modified ceramsite assembled fixed biofilter reactor: Performance and microbial community response.

The complex pollution and nutrient-poor characteristics of surface waters result in the limited ability of conventional reactors to remove pollutants. In this study, a novel modified ceramsite material, modified with trivalent iron (Fe(III)) and fulvic acid (FA) to form ceramsite@Fe(III)@FA (HC), was used for the first time as a biocarrier to immobilize strain Cupriavidus sp. W12, constructing a biofilter to enhance nitrate (NO-N) removal in micro-polluted water.

Autotrophic ammonium nitrogen removal process mediated by manganese oxides: Bioreactors performance optimization and potential mechanisms.

Manganese(IV) (Mn(IV)) reduction coupled with ammonium (NH-N) oxidation (Mnammox) has been found to play a significant role in the nitrogen (N) cycle within natural ecosystems. However, research and application of the autotrophic NH-N removal process mediated by manganese oxides (MnOx) in wastewater treatment are currently limited. This study established autotrophic NH-N removal sludge reactors mediated by various MnOx types, including δ-MnO (δ-MSR), β-MnO (β-MSR), α-MnO (α-MSR), and natural Mn ore (MOSR), investigating their NH-N removal performances and mechanisms under different initial N loading and pH conditions.

Simultaneous removal of ammonia, copper ions and sulfamethoxazole from aquaculture wastewater with low carbon to nitrogen ratio enhanced by manganese redox driven by a two-stage synergistic bioreactor: Optimization and potential mechanism.

The problem of low carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N) in wastewater is a major challenge for biological treatment, especially the complex pollution of ammonia nitrogen (NH-N), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), and copper ions (Cu(II)). Herein, a strain of Pseudoxanthomonas sp. MA23 with manganese (Mn) reduction-coupled ammonia oxidation properties was isolated.

Nano-FeO/FeCO modified red soil-based biofilter for simultaneous removal of nitrate, phosphate and heavy metals: Optimization, microbial community and possible mechanism.

The pollution of nitrogen, phosphorus and heavy metals in surface water is becoming more and more serious, affecting the safety of water quality. In this study, three biofilters were constructed using iron-modified red soil-based filler carriers (RSC, nano-FeO@RSC, and FeCO@RSC) combined with strain Zoogloea sp. ZP7 to simultaneously remove nitrate (NO-N), phosphate (PO-P), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn).

Chitosan-Modified AgNPs Efficiently Inhibit Swine Coronavirus-Induced Host Cell Infections via Targeting the Spike Protein.

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has filled a gap in our knowledge regarding the prevention of CoVs. Swine coronavirus (CoV) is a significant pathogen that causes huge economic losses to the global swine industry. Until now, anti-CoV prevention and control have been challenging due to the rapidly generated variants.

Denitrification performance of the nitrate-dependent manganese redox strain Dechloromonas sp. YZ8 under copper ion (Cu(Ⅱ)) stress: Promotion mechanism and immobilization efficacy.

A novel nitrate-dependent manganese (Mn) redox strain was isolated and identified as Dechloromonas sp.YZ8 in this study. The growth conditions of strain YZ8 were optimized by kinetic experiments.

Designing a Candidate Multi-Epitope Vaccine against Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus Based on Immunoinformatic and Molecular Dynamics.

Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) is an etiological agent of enteric disease that results in high mortality rates in piglets. The economic impact of the virus is considerable, causing significant losses to the pig industry. The development of an efficacious subunit vaccine to provide promising protection against TGEV is of the utmost importance.

Microbial enhanced manganese-autotrophic denitrification in reactor: performance, microbial diversity, potential functions.

Autotrophic denitrification technology has gained increasing attention in recent years owing to its effectiveness, economical, and environmentally friendly nature. However, the sluggish reaction rate has emerged as the primary impediment to its widespread application. Herein, a bio-enhanced autotrophic denitrification reactor with modified loofah sponge (LS) immobilized microorganisms was established to achieve efficient denitrification.

Manganese(IV) reduction coupled with ammonium oxidation mediated by a single strain Aromatoleum evansii MAY27: Performance, metabolomics, and mechanism.

Manganese(IV) (Mn(IV)) reduction coupled to anaerobic ammonium (NH-N) oxidation (Mnammox) is a recently identified metal oxide-mediated nitrogen (N) loss pathway, holding potential value for the efficient removal of NH-N from wastewater. However, little is known about the application of Mnammox in wastewater treatment. Here, a novel Mnammox bacterium Aromatoleum evansii (strain MAY27) was screened.

Simultaneous removal of nitrate, manganese, zinc, and bisphenol a by manganese redox cycling system: Performance and mechanism.

The manganese(Mn) redox cycling system in this work was created by combining Mn(IV)-reducing bacteria MFG10 with Mn(II)-oxidizing bacteria HY129. The biomanganese oxides (BMO) generated by strain HY129 were transformed by strain MFG10 to Mn(II), finishing the Mn redox cycling, in which nitrate (NO-N) was converted to nitrite, which was further reduced to nitrogen gas. The system could achieve 85.

Enhanced denitrification and p-nitrophenol removal performance via hydrophilic sponge carriers fixed with dual-bacterial: Optimization, performance, and enhancement mechanism.

Effective treatment of industrial wastewater containing complex pollutants, such as nitrate (NO-N) and organic pollutants, remains a significant challenge to date. Here, a strain Nocardioides sp. ZS2 with denitrification and degradation of p-nitrophenol (PNP) was isolated and its culture conditions were optimized by kinetic analysis.

A highly sensitive, long-time stable Ag/AgCl ultra-micro sensor for in situ monitoring chloride ions inside the crevice using SECM.

Tracking the variation of Cl timely within the crevice is of great significance for comprehending the dynamic mechanism of crevice corrosion. The reported chloride ion selective electrodes are difficult to realize the long-time Cl detection inside the confined crevice, due to their millimeter size or a relative limited lifespan. For this purpose, an Ag/AgCl ultra-micro sensor (UMS) with a radius of 12.

Crevice Corrosion Behavior of 201 Stainless Steel in NaCl Solutions with Different pH Values by In Situ Monitoring.

Crevice corrosion (CC) behavior of 201 stainless steel (SS) in 1 M NaCl + x M HCl/y M NaOH solutions with various pH was investigated using SECM and optical microscopic observations. Results show that the CC was initiated by the decrease in pH value within the crevice. The pH value near the crevice mouth falls rapidly to 1.

Loofah sponge crosslinked polyethyleneimine loaded with biochar biofilm reactor for ecological remediation of oligotrophic water: Mechanism, performance, and functional characterization.

The removal of complex pollutants from oligotrophic water is an important challenge for researchers. In this study, the HCl-modified loofah sponge crosslinked polyethyleneimine loaded with biochar (LS/PEI@biochar) biofilm reactor was adapted to achieve efficient removal of complex pollutants in oligotrophic water. On the 35 d, the average removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH-N), calcium (Ca), and phosphate (PO-P) in water was 51, 95, 81, and 77 %, respectively.

Kinetic analysis and mechanism of nitrate, calcium, and cadmium removal using the newly isolated Pseudomonas sp. LYF26.

The co-existence of heavy metals and nitrate (NO-N) pollutants in wastewater has been a persistent global concern for a long time. A strain LYF26, which can remove NO-N, calcium (Ca(II)), and cadmium (Cd(II)) simultaneously, was isolated to explore the properties and mechanisms of synergistic contaminants removal. Different conditions (Cd(II) and Ca(II) concentrations and pH) were optimized by Zero-, Half-, and First-order kinetic analyses to explore the environmental parameters for the optimal effect of strain LYF26.

Immobilized bioreactor for enhanced ammonia, phosphorus, and phenol removal and effects of phenol on microbial communities, potential functions, and nitrogen metabolism.

In the present study, an immobilized bioreactor was established to remove ammonia (NH-N), phosphate (PO-P), and phenol using composite mycelium spheres (CMP) as the immobilization material in combination with Pseudomonas sp. Y1. Under optimal operating conditions, the bioreactor achieved 98.