Pterostilbene as a pyroptosis inducer and tumor microenvironment regulator inhibits glioblastoma and enhances the efficacy of immunotherapy.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly invasive tumor type associated with a high mortality rate, and the efficacy of traditional chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy for GBM remains limited. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel therapeutic agents and strategies to combat GBM effectively. The upregulation of the pivotal pyroptosis protein GSDME in GBM suggests that harnessing cellular pyroptosis may be a promising approach for anti-GBM treatment.

[Anti-glioma mechanism of pterostilbene by regulating apoptosis and GSDME-mediated pyroptosis pathways: a study based on network pharmacology and experimental research].

This study aimed to explore the anti-glioma effect of natural compound pterostilbene(PTE) through regulating pyroptosis and apoptosis pathways, and to analyze the possible anti-glioma pathways and targets of PTE by network pharmacology and molecular docking. In this study, the action targets of PTE and the glioma targets were obtained by network pharmacology to construct a target network and a protein-protein interaction(PPI) network to predict the possible action targets of PTE against glioma. Molecular docking was performed on the core targets by AutoDock and the action pathways of PTE against glioma were predicted by enrichment analysis.

Circulating Expression Level of LncRNA Malat1 in Diabetic Kidney Disease Patients and Its Clinical Significance.

Background: Long noncoding RNA MALAT1 is closely related to diabetes and kidney diseases and is expected to be a new target for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic nephropathy.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the circulating expression level and significance of lncRNA Malat1 in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD).

Methods: Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was conducted to assess the expression of lncRNA Malat1 in 20 T2DM patients, 27 DKD patients, and 14 healthy controls, and then, the clinical significance was analyzed.

Nuclear FAM289-Galectin-1 interaction controls FAM289-mediated tumor promotion in malignant glioma.

Background: FAM92A1-289(abbreviated FAM289) is recognized as one of the newly-discovered putative oncogenes. However, its role and molecular mechanisms in promoting cancer progression has not yet been elucidated. This study was performed to reveal its oncogenic functions and molecular mechanisms in human glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cell models with knockdown or overexpression of FAM289 in vitro and in vivo.

NaHCO enhances the antitumor activities of cytokine-induced killer cells against hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells.

The extracellular pH is lower inside solid tumors than in normal tissue. The acidic environment inhibits the cytotoxicity of lymphocytes and promotes tumor cell invasion. In the present study, both and experiments were conducted to investigate how NaHCO would affect the antitumor activities of cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells.

The Tumor-promoting Effects of FAM92A1-289 in Cervical Carcinoma Cells.

Background/aim: FAM92A1-289 is recognized as one of the newly-discovered putative oncogenes. This study was performed to reveal its oncogenic functions in human cervical carcinoma cells.

Materials And Methods: The FAM92A1-289 cell line was established with knock-in technique and selected by puromycin-resistance screening.

The application of mRNA-based gene transfer in mesenchymal stem cell-mediated cytotoxicity of glioma cells.

Since the tumor-oriented homing capacity of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) was discovered, MSCs have attracted great interest in the research field of cancer therapy mainly focused on their use as carries for anticancer agents. Differing from DNA-based vectors, the use of mRNA-based antituor gene delivery benefits from readily transfection and mutagenesis-free. However, it is essential to verify if mRNA transfection interferes with MSCs' tropism and their antitumor properties.

PTEN-mRNA engineered mesenchymal stem cell-mediated cytotoxic effects on U251 glioma cells.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been considered to have potential as ideal carriers for the delivery of anticancer agents since the capacity for tumor-oriented migration and integration was identified. In contrast to DNA-based vectors, mRNA synthesized may be readily transfected and is mutagenesis-free. The present study was performed in order to investigate the effects of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) mRNA-engineered MSCs on human glioma U251 cells under indirect co-culture conditions.

Forced expression of Nanog with mRNA synthesized in vitro to evaluate the malignancy of HeLa cells through acquiring cancer stem cell phenotypes.

Nanog is a pluripotency-related factor. It was also found to play an important role in tumorigenesis. To date, the mechanisms underlying cervical tumorigenesis still need to be elucidated.

ANGPTL8/betatrophin alleviates insulin resistance via the Akt-GSK3β or Akt-FoxO1 pathway in HepG2 cells.

Angiopoietin-like protein 8 (ANGPTL8)/betatrophin, a newly identified protein, is primarily expressed in the liver and regulates the glucose metabolic transition during fasting and re-feeding in mice with or without insulin resistance. These findings strongly suggest that ANGPTL8/betatrophin could be a novel glucose-lowering candidate medicine for type 2 diabetes. However, the molecular mechanisms by which ANGPTL8/betatrophin regulates glucose metabolism are poorly understood in human.

Gene Manipulation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells by In Vitro-Synthesized mRNA for Gene Therapy.

The difficulty in producing genetically modified human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) limits research on their applications. Virus-based gene transfer is not safe for clinical use, whereas DNAbased non-viral methods are not efficient or safe, and mRNA-based methods are useful for genetic manipulation. In this study, we easily obtained multiple types and large amounts of in vitro-synthesized mRNA by PCR.

PDX-1 mRNA-induced reprogramming of mouse pancreas-derived mesenchymal stem cells into insulin-producing cells in vitro.

Pancreatic islet transplantation has remained an effective therapy for type 1 diabetes since 2000. Its widespread use has been prohibited by the shortage of suitable donors. It is critical to explore an applicable alternative for β-cell replacement.

Reprogramming human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells to islet-like cells with the use of in vitro-synthesized pancreatic-duodenal homebox 1 messenger RNA.

Background Aims: Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells (hUC-MSCs) hold great potential as a therapeutic candidate to treat diabetes, owing to their unlimited source and ready availability.

Methods: In this study, we differentiated hUC-MSCs with in vitro-synthesized pancreatic-duodenal homebox 1 (PDX1) messenger (m)RNA into islet-like cell clusters. hUC-MSCs were confirmed by both biomarker detection and functional differentiation.

Cancer cell-oriented migration of mesenchymal stem cells engineered with an anticancer gene (PTEN): an imaging demonstration.

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been considered to hold great potential as ideal carriers for the delivery of anticancer agents since the discovery of their tumor tropism. This study was performed to demonstrate the effects of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) engineering on MSCs' capacity for cancer cell-oriented migration.

Methods: MSCs were engineered with a PTEN-bearing plasmid and the expression was confirmed with Western blotting.

Intravital biobank and personalized cancer therapy: the correlation with omics.

Biobanks have played a decisive role in all aspects of the field of cancer, including pathogenesis, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. The significance of cancer biobanks is epitomized through the appropriate application of various "-omic" techniques (omics). The mutually motivated relationship between biobanks and omics has intensified the development of cancer research.

The sterol carrier protein 2/3-oxoacyl-CoA thiolase (SCPx) is involved in cholesterol uptake in the midgut of Spodoptera litura: gene cloning, expression, localization and functional analyses.

Background: Sterol carrier protein-2/3-oxoacyl-CoA thiolase (SCPx) gene has been suggested to be involved in absorption and transport of cholesterol. Cholesterol is a membrane component and is a precursor of ecdysteroids, but cannot be synthesized de novo in insects. However, a direct association between SCPx gene expression, cholesterol absorption and development in lepidopteran insects remains to be experimentally demonstrated.