UvPomt, an O-Methyltransferase Interacting with UvMAT1-1-3, for Regulating Growth, Stress Tolerance, and Virulence in .

Rice false smut (RFS), caused by (teleomorph: ), is a devastating fungal disease that severely impacts global rice production by reducing both yield and grain quality. While the mating-type gene is known to regulate both sexual and asexual reproduction in its regulatory mechanism remains unclear. In this study, an interacting protein of UvMAT1-1-3, a putative O-methyltransferase (UvPomt), was identified using yeast two-hybrid screening, and its interaction was further confirmed by co-localization microscopy.

Rhizosphere microbes facilitate the break of chlamydospore dormancy and root colonization of rice false smut fungi.

Dormant chlamydospore germination of fungal pathogens directly affects disease occurrence and severity. The rice false smut (RFS) fungus Ustilaginoidea virens produces abundant chlamydospores, but their germination process and roles in plant infection remain unclear. Here, we found that soil-borne chlamydospores are a major source of U.

A novel Pik allele confers extended resistance to rice blast.

In the ongoing arms race between rice and Magnaporthe oryzae, the pathogen employs effectors to evade the immune response, while the host develops resistance genes to recognise these effectors and confer resistance. In this study, we identified a novel Pik allele, Pik-W25, from wild rice WR25 through bulked-segregant analysis, creating the Pik-W25 NIL (Near-isogenic Lines) named G9. Pik-W25 conferred resistance to isolates expressing AvrPik-C/D/E alleles.

A Rapid, Equipment-Free Method for Detecting Avirulence Genes of Using a Lateral Flow Strip-Based RPA Assay.

Rice blast, caused by , is one of the most destructive rice diseases worldwide. Using resistant rice varieties is the most cost-effective way to control rice blast. Consequently, it is critical to monitor the distribution frequency of avirulence () genes in rice planting fields to facilitate the breeding of resistant rice varieties.

The Ras GTPase-activating protein UvGap1 orchestrates conidiogenesis and pathogenesis in the rice false smut fungus Ustilaginoidea virens.

Ras GTPase-activating proteins (Ras GAPs) act as negative regulators for Ras proteins and are involved in various signalling processes that influence cellular functions. Here, the function of four Ras GAPs, UvGap1 to UvGap4, was identified and analysed in Ustilaginoidea virens, the causal agent of rice false smut disease. Disruption of UvGAP1 or UvGAP2 resulted in reduced mycelial growth and an increased percentage of larger or dumbbell-shaped conidia.

UvVelC is important for conidiation and pathogenicity in the rice false smut pathogen .

Rice false smut disease is one of the most significant rice diseases worldwide. is the causative agent of this disease. Although several developmental and pathogenic genes have been identified and functionally analyzed, the pathogenic molecular mechanisms of remain elusive.

Genome-Wide Prediction and Analysis of Species Genes in Rice Blast Resistance.

Members of the N-rich proteins (NRPs) gene family play important roles in the plant endoplasmic reticulum stress in response, which can be triggered by plant pathogens' infection. Previous studies of the gene family have been limited to only a few plants, such as soybean and . Thus, their evolutionary characteristics in the species and biological functions in rice defense against the pathogenic fungus have remained unexplored.

The Adaptor Protein UvSte50 Governs Fungal Pathogenicity of via the MAPK Signaling Pathway.

The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways regulate diverse cellular processes and have been partially characterized in the rice false smut fungus . UvSte50 has been identified as a homolog to Ste50, which is known to be an adaptor protein for MAPK cascades. Δ was found to be defective in conidiation, sensitive to hyperosmotic and oxidative stresses, and non-pathogenic.

Cytochrome bc1 Complex: Potential Breach to Improve the Activity of Phenazines on .

The effects of the natural pesticides, phenazines, were reported to be limited by some tolerant metabolism processes within . Our previous studies suggested that the functional cytochrome bc1 complex, the indispensable component of the respiration chain, might participate in tolerating phenazines in . In this study, the cytochrome bc1 mutants of pv.

The Velvet Protein UvVEA Regulates Conidiation and Chlamydospore Formation in .

Rice false smut, caused by , is a serious disease of rice worldwide, severely reducing the quantity and quality of rice production. The conserved fungal velvet proteins are global regulators of diverse cellular processes. We identified and functionally characterized two velvet genes, and , in .

Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes Reveal Conserved Mechanisms in the Rice- Interaction.

causes rice blast disease and is responsible for major losses in rice production worldwide. Although numerous studies have focused on the interactions between and , to date, the conserved mechanisms remain in part unclear. In this study, a comparative analysis of transcriptomes of L.

Autophagy-related protein UvAtg7 contributes to mycelial growth, virulence, asexual reproduction and cell stress response in rice false smut fungus Ustilaginoidea virens.

Autophagy is a conserved mechanism for nutrient and cytoplasmic components recycling in eukaryotic cell, in which E1-like enzyme Atg7 activates ubiquitin-like conjugation in the autophagy pathway. In plant pathogenic fungi Ustilaginoidea virens, UvAtg7, an ortholog of AAtg7 in baker's yeast was identified and functionally investigated. UvAtg7 was confirmed to be essential for autophagy, because the disruption of UvATG7 gene in U.

Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification for Rapid Detection of Mating Types of .

Rice false smut (RFS), caused by , is an important fungal disease in panicles of rice. is a heterothallic ascomycete controlled by two opposite idiomorphs, MAT1-1 and MAT1-2. Previous study showed that sexual reproduction of plays an important role in the epidemic of RFS.

Phenazine-1-carboxylic Acid Produced by YL-1 Is Effective against .

The bacterial pathogen causes the destructive fruit blotch (BFB) on cucurbit plants. YL-1 is a bacterial strain isolated from Mississippi soil and its genome harbors some antimicrobial-related gene clusters, such as phenazine, pyrrolnitrin, and pyoverdine. Here, we evaluated the antimicrobial activity of strain YL-1 as compared with its deficient mutants of antimicrobial-related genes, which were obtained using a based site-specific mutagenesis strategy.

SUN-Family Protein Regulates the Development and Virulence of .

, the causal agent of rice false smut disease, is an important plant pathogen that causes severe quantitative and qualitative losses in rice worldwide. UvSUN1 is the only member of Group-I SUN family proteins in . In this work, the role of UvSUN1 in different aspects of the biology was studied by phenotypic analysis of knockout strains.

Pyricularia sp. jiangsuensis, a new cryptic rice panicle blast pathogen from rice fields in Jiangsu Province, China.

Pyricularia oryzae is a multi-host pathogen causing cereal disease, including the devastating rice blast. Panicle blast is a serious stage, leading to severe yield loss. Thirty-one isolates (average 4.

, a Mating Type Gene in the , Is Required for Fruiting Bodies and Sclerotia Formation, Asexual Development and Pathogenicity.

is the prevalent causative pathogen of rice false smut, a destructive rice disease. Mating-type genes play a vital role in the evolution of mating systems in fungi. Some fungi have lost , one of the mating-type genes, during evolution, whereas others still retain .

A Defect in the Twin-Arginine Translocation Pathway Decreases the Tolerance of pv. to Phenazines.

Phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA), a member of phenazines secreted by microorganisms, inhibits the growth of many bacteria and fungi. pv. is the causal agent of black rot, the most important disease of cruciferous crops worldwide, and is more tolerant to PCA than other species.

Two mating-type genes MAT1-1-1 and MAT1-1-2 with significant functions in conidiation, stress response, sexual development, and pathogenicity of rice false smut fungus Villosiclava virens.

Rice false smut caused by Villosiclava virens is one of the destructive diseases on panicles of rice. Sexual development of V. virens, controlled by mating-type locus, plays an important role in the prevalence of rice false smut and genetic diversity of the pathogen.

A Homeobox Transcription Factor UvHOX2 Regulates Chlamydospore Formation, Conidiogenesis, and Pathogenicity in .

Rice false smut fungus (teleomorph: ; anamorph: ) can generate chlamydospores and survive winter under field conditions. The chlamydospore is considered as an important infection source of the disease. However, little is known about the regulatory mechanism of the chlamydospore production.

The critical role of cytochrome c maturation (CCM) system in the tolerance of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris to phenazines.

Phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA), a secondary metabolite produced by Pseudomonas spp., exhibits a high inhibitory effect in Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), but less inhibitory effect in Xanthomonas oryzae pv.

Effects of validamycin in controlling Fusarium head blight caused by Fusarium graminearum: Inhibition of DON biosynthesis and induction of host resistance.

Validamycin, known to interfere with fungal energy metabolism by inhibiting trehalase, has been extensively used to control plant diseases caused by Rhizoctonia spp. However, the effect of validamycin on controlling Fusarium graminearum has not been previously reported. In this study, when applied to F.