Exercise-induced irisin ameliorates cognitive impairment following chronic cerebral hypoperfusion by suppressing neuroinflammation and hippocampal neuronal apoptosis.

Background: Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) is a pathophysiological hallmark of vascular dementia, the second most common form of dementia. CCH exerts complex and subtle detrimental effects on both the brain and peripheral systems. Irisin is a polypeptide primarily expressed in contracting skeletal muscle and the brain.

Near-Wall Slow Flow Contributes to Wall Enhancement of Middle Cerebral Artery Bifurcation Aneurysms on Vessel Wall MRI.

The mechanism of aneurysm wall enhancement (AWE) in middle cerebral artery (MCA) bifurcation aneurysms on vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging (VW-MRI) remains unclear. We aimed to explore the morphologically related hemodynamic mechanism for the AWE of MCA bifurcation aneurysms. Patients with unruptured MCA bifurcation aneurysms undergoing VW-MRI were enrolled.

Mapping cell diversity in human sporadic cerebral cavernous malformations.

Background: Cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) is a low-flow, bleeding-prone vascular disease that can cause cerebral hemorrhage, seizure and neurological deficits. Its inheritance mode includes sporadic or autosomal dominant inheritance with incomplete penetrance, namely sporadic CCM (SCCM) and familial CCM. SCCM is featured by single lesion and single affection in a family.

SAD score of intracranial aneurysms for rupture risk assessment based on high-resolution vessel wall imaging.

Objective: We aimed to develop a comprehensive model that integrates the radiological, morphological, and clinical factors to assess rupture risk for intracranial aneurysms.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled patients with intracranial saccular aneurysms who underwent high-resolution vessel wall imaging (HR-VWI) preoperatively. Clinical characteristics, aneurysm features and aneurysm wall enhancement scale (AWES) were recorded.

RNF213 loss-of-function promotes pathological angiogenesis in moyamoya disease via the Hippo pathway.

Moyamoya disease is an uncommon cerebrovascular disorder characterized by steno-occlusive changes in the circle of Willis and abnormal vascular network development. Ring finger protein 213 (RNF213) has been identified as an important susceptibility gene for Asian patients, but researchers have not completely elucidated whether RNF213 mutations affect the pathogenesis of moyamoya disease. Using donor superficial temporal artery samples, whole-genome sequencing was performed to identify RNF213 mutation types in patients with moyamoya disease, and histopathology was performed to compare morphological differences between patients with moyamoya disease and intracranial aneurysm.

Ticagrelor is related to nuisance bleeding after flow diversion of unruptured intracranial aneurysms.

Nuisance bleeding (NB) without urgent medical attention is rarely characterized despite its frequent occurrence in patients with cerebral aneurysms undergoing flow diversion (FD) who are maintained on dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT). This study explored the risk factors for NB. Patients with unruptured cerebral aneurysms who underwent intervention using FD (July 2018 to May 2022) and had follow-up data were enrolled.

Endovascular treatment of complex middle cerebral artery aneurysms using TuBridge flow diverters.

Background: The safety and efficacy of the TuBridge flow diverter in treating middle cerebral artery aneurysms remains unknown. In this study, we report our preliminary experience treating complex middle cerebral artery aneurysms using the TuBridge flow diverter.

Methods: A prospectively maintained database of intracranial aneurysms treated with the TuBridge flow diverter was retrospectively reviewed, and patients with middle cerebral artery aneurysms were included in this study.

The role of SDF-1/CXCR4 in the vasculogenesis and remodeling of cerebral arteriovenous malformation.

Background: Cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) involves the vasculogenesis of cerebral blood vessels and can cause severe intracranial hemorrhage. Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) and its receptor, CXCR4, are believed to exert multiple physiological functions including angiogenesis. Thus, we investigated the role of SDF-1/CXCR4 in the vasculogenesis of cerebral AVM.

Susceptible gene single nucleotide polymorphism and hemorrhage risk in patients with brain arteriovenous malformation.

The relationship between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of interleukin-17 (IL-17A), transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), as well as its receptor (TGFR-β2) and susceptibility to intracerebral hemorrhage in patients with brain arteriovenous malformation (BAVM) was investigated in the present study. A total of 53 patients with BAVM and 120 healthy controls were recruited, all of whom were Han Chinese from South China. There were no statistically significant differences in the IL-17A-197 guanine/adenine (G/A) or TGF-β1-509 cytosine/thymine (C/T) genotypes or gene frequencies between BAVM patients and controls (p>0.

Neuroform stent-assisted coil embolization: a new treatment strategy for complex intracranial aneurysms. Results of medium length follow-up.

Background And Purpose: We present detailed results of using Neuroform stent-assisted coil embolization to treat complex cerebral aneurysms over a three-year period.

Material And Methods: Only patients who underwent Neuroform stent-assisted coil embolization were included in this study. We assessed patients' history, aneurysm morphology, indications for stenting, and technical details of the procedures, as well as complications and the midterm follow-up data.

Carotid cavernous fistulas treated by endovascular covered stent grafts with follow-up results.

Historically, carotid cavernous fistulas (CCFs) are usually treated with detachable balloons and coils. While coronary covered stent grafts have been sporadically used in the intracranial vasculature, only a few such cases have been reported in the literature. We present our experience of seven patients with eight CCFs, treated by the placement of covered stents, and provide their clinical and angiographic follow-up results.

[Therapeutic effect of embolization of brain arteriovenous malformation with non-adhesive liquid embolic agent].

Objective: To observe the clinical and pathological characteristics of brain arteriovenous malformations (BAVM) embolized with the non-adhesive aqueous embolic agent Onyx and evaluate its application in comprehensive treatment of BAVM.

Methods: Thirty-four patients underwent BAVM embolization using Onyx, and their clinical manifestations, architecture of the malformed vessels, emblization procedure, and complications associated with the procedures were recorded. The resected tissues after embolization with Onyx were observed with electron microscope, and the prognosis of the patients was estimated with modified Rankin Score (mRS).

[Study on inhibitory effect of arsenic trioxide on growth of rat C6 glioma cells].

Objective: To explore the inhibitory effect of arsenic trioxide (A(s2)O3) on the growth of rat C6 glioma cells (C6 cells) as well as finding out the feasibility of using As2O3 as chemotherapy of gliomas.

Method: C6 cells were treated by different dose of As2O3 (1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 micromol L(-1)). MTT assay and staining for PCNA were used for cell proliferation.

Combined covered stent and onyx treatment for complex dural arteriovenous fistula involving the clivus and cavernous sinus.

Background: Complex DAVFs involving both the clivus and cavernous sinus are rare, especially when associated with brainstem compression from a large varix. In this report, we describe the use of a covered stent in combination with a liquid embolic agent to cure a complex clival-cavernous DAVF.

Methods: A 46-year-old man presented with 6 months of dizziness, dysphagia, and progressive dysarthria.

Experimental study of Eudragit mixture as a new nonadhesive liquid embolic material.

Objective: To assess the embolic effects and biocompatibility of Eudragit mixture, a new liquid embolic agent.

Methods: In vitro, the viscosity and precipitation time of Eudragit mixtures at several concentrations were measured to study the best proportion of components of the mixture. In vivo, a branch of the right external carotid artery was embolized with Eudragit mixture in 12 rabbits, and with n-butyl cyanoacrylate in another 12 rabbits for a comparative study of the general, angiographic and histopathologic changes between the two groups.