Addressing Frailty in Cardiology: Identifying Barriers Faced by Cardiologists and Health Care Professionals in Asia.

Background: Preventing frailty is crucial for improving outcomes in aging populations at heightened cardiovascular risk, yet implementation in real-world practice remains challenging. The authors previously reported low use of frailty strategies among cardiologists in Asia.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the barriers to frailty implementation among cardiologists, other physicians, and nurses.

Race and Ethnicity in Facebook Images and Text: Thematic Analysis.

Background: Social media platforms, such as Facebook, provide a dynamic public space where users of various racial and ethnic backgrounds share content related to identity, politics, and other social issues. These platforms allow racially minoritized groups to both challenge racial silencing and express cultural pride. At the same time, they expose users to racism and stereotypes that can negatively affect their mental and physical health through psychosocial stress.

Knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward depression among people living with depression in Vietnam: the cultural dynamics in the era of globalization.

Background: Despite the high burden of depression in Vietnam, little is known about the knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and practices among Vietnamese people with depression in contemporary society. The study aims to explore in depth knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to depression among those with depressive symptoms of depression in contemporary Vietnamese society.

Methods: This is a qualitative study with 40 adults, 18-64 years old, with symptoms of depression.

The shibire mutation causes temperature sensitive paralytic and lethal phenotypes in the Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni.

Bactrocera tryoni, the Queensland fruit fly, is among the most damaging insect pests to the Australian horticultural industry as larvae infest ripening fruits or vegetables prior to harvest. Genetic biocontrol using Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) programs have been used to successfully suppress populations, via mass release of factory-reared sterile males that mate with wild females. Bi-sex flies are currently used for releases, although the efficiency of these control programs could be improved through using genetic sexing strains that eliminate females early during development, as they are not required for SIT.

Revisiting the Trans-Ancestry Genetic Correlation of Refractive Error.

Purpose: The prevalence of myopia varies significantly across the globe. This may be a consequence of differences in exposure to lifestyle risk factors or differences in genetic susceptibility across ancestry groups. "Trans-ancestry genetic correlation" quantifies the similarity in genetic predisposition to a trait or disease between different populations.

TiO-enhanced fly ash for advanced treatment of persistent organics (POCs) in landfill leachate hybrid ozonation-peroxymonosulfate: degradation efficiency and machine learning modeling.

Landfill leachate is a major environmental concern because of its high content of persistent organic compounds (POCs), which require advanced treatment techniques. This study introduces a novel hybrid ozonation-TiO-modified fly ash composite (FA@TiO) process enhanced by a peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for POC degradation in landfill leachate. The FA@TiO composite, synthesized the sol-gel method with optimal 20% TiO loading, leverages fly ash's cost-effectiveness and TiO's catalytic prowess.

Utilizing Lipid Bond Technology With Molecular Lipid Complex to Provide Lipid Treatment for Damaged Hair.

Human hair fibers are mainly composed of proteins, lipids, and water. In particular, lipids play an important role in keeping hair healthy, stabilizing its structure, affecting shine, feel, manageability, and strength. In addition to each person's physical condition and constitution, the cause of reduction and loss of hair lipids also comes from external causes such as UV, pollution, and specially styling chemicals.

Federal health workforce policy in Australia and its implications: a descriptive policy document review.

Objective: To identify which federal health workforce policies are current in Australia, and describe their mode, scope, and focus.

Study Design: Descriptive policy document review; categorisation according to the Howlett-Ramesh policy instrument framework.

Setting: Health workforce policy documents available on the Australian Department of Health and Aged Care website, 1 June - 31 October 2024.

Neolignans isolated from industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) roots have cytotoxic effects on cancer cells.

Background: The 2018 Farm Bill states that cultivars of Cannabis sativa L. (industrial hemp) are legal for industrial use if total tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) concentrations are less than 0.30%.

Frailty in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome: Comparisons Among Three Frailty Screening Tools in Predicting In-Hospital Adverse Events.

Objectives: The aims of the study were to investigate the proportion of frailty among inpatients having Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) and to compare the prognostic value of three frailty screening methods in predicting in-hospital adverse events among the study population.

Methods: This prospective, observational study design was conducted on older patients with ACS. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire on general characteristics (age, gender, comorbidities, body mass index) and medical records (admission diagnosis, ACS type, angiography results, treatment therapy, left ventrical ejection fraction, and length of hospital stay).

Study of Adjuvant Sensitive-Skin Cleansing and Moisturizing Regimen in Plaque Psoriasis.

Background: Epidermal barrier dysfunction is a key feature of plaque psoriasis. Skincare improves epidermal barrier function and is an increasingly recommended part of psoriasis management.

Methods: This multicenter, blinded study of adults (N=46) with psoriasis evaluated the use of a gentle skincare regimen (cleanser, moisturizer, and optional moisturizer with SPF 35) as an adjunct to medical therapy during an 8-week period.

"It's Feeding the Beast": Lessons for Governance of Public Health Surveillance and Response From an Australian Case Study Analysis.

Background: Public health is a core governmental responsibility, with ministries or departments of health responsible for setting and ensuring adherence to standards, managing performance and instituting reforms as required. Although North Queensland (NQ), Australia has a well-developed health infrastructure, the COVID-19 pandemic exposed significant vulnerabilities in its public health surveillance and response system. Globally, research has highlighted how human and cultural elements ("system software") influence the effectiveness of infrastructure, governance, and data systems ("system hardware").

Comparative performance of a commercial and in-house Mp1p antigen-detecting enzyme immunoassay for the rapid diagnosis of talaromycosis.

Background: Several antigen-detection assays have been developed for the rapid diagnosis of talaromycosis, but their utility has been limited by a lack of commercial options. The aim of this study was to perform a head-to-head comparison of the performance of our in-house monoclonal antibody-based Mp1p antigen-detecting enzyme immunoassay (EIA) with its recently-developed commercial platform.

Methods: In this diagnostic accuracy, retrospective, case-cohort study, we compared the sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (LR+) and negative likelihood ratio (LR-) of the commercial Wantai Mp1p EIA versus our in-house Mp1p EIA on paired plasma and urine samples from 424 hospitalized adults with advanced HIV disease, including 224 cases of proven talaromycosis, where Talaromyces marneffei was isolated in culture of blood or other clinical specimens, and 200 controls diagnosed with a range of other opportunistic infections.

Clinical, laboratory features and treatment outcomes of patients infected with Fasciola in Northern Vietnam, 2019-2023.

Background: Vietnam experiences a significant occurrence of fascioliasis infection, largely due to the common practice of consuming raw vegetables. Diagnosing the fascioliasis infection remains difficult, and patients endure various long-term consequences. The purpose of this study is to describe the clinical and laboratory features, along with the treatment approaches for fascioliasis patients in Vietnam.

Harnessing Facebook to Investigate Real-World Mentions of Adverse Events of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist (GLP-1 RA) Medications: Observational Study of Facebook Posts From 2022 to 2024.

Background: In recent years, there has been a dramatic increase in the popularity and use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) for weight loss. As such, it is essential to understand users' real-world discussions of short-term, long-term, and co-occurrent adverse events associated with currently used GLP-1 RA medications.

Objective: This study aims to quantitatively analyze temporal and co-occurrent GLP-1 RA adverse event trends through discussions of GLP-1 RA weight loss medications on Facebook from 2022 to 2024.

Toward Modeling Protein Multimers by Combining AlphaFold 3 Predictions with Secondary Structures from Medium-Resolution Cryo-EM Maps.

AlphaFold 3 (AF3) has recently been shown to offer improved accuracy in predicting the structures of protein multimers. Improved models may lead to new opportunities for fitting them to cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) maps with medium resolution (5-10 Å). Deriving atomic models from such cryo-EM maps is still challenging due to the lack of high-resolution features.

New polyesterified triterpenes from the stems of and their -glucosidase inhibitory activities.

A phytochemical investigation of the ethyl acetate extract from the stems of A. DC. resulted in the isolation of three polyesterified ursane-type triterpenes including two new derivatives (-), and one previously reported ().

It Is Not Simply Black and White: A Qualitative Study Unpacking How Women Understand Racism and Discrimination.

The aim of this exploratory focus group study is to examine how Black women, White women, and White women involved in an anti-racism group perceive race and racism in daily life and the strategies they use or recommend to protect themselves and others. While the primary emphasis is on racial identity and racism, the analysis also considers how these dynamics intersect with gender for women across racial groups. A purposive sample of 30 participants participated in six online racially/ethnically homogeneous focus groups.

The effect of antimicrobial stewardship interventions upon antimicrobial consumption and appropriateness in Vietnamese district hospitals: a cluster randomised trial.

Background: Inappropriate antimicrobial use is a key driver of antimicrobial resistance. Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) promotes the judicious use of antimicrobials to address this problem. This study evaluated the effect of an AMS program on antimicrobial prescribing practices in district hospitals in Vietnam.

Structural insights into brain thyroid hormone transport via MCT8 and OATP1C1.

Adequate delivery of thyroid hormones to the brain is crucial for normal neurological development. MCT8 and OATP1C1, two solute carrier (SLC) transporters, mediate the passage of thyroid hormones across the blood-brain barrier and into the central nervous system. Mutations in MCT8 result in Allan-Herndon-Dudley syndrome (AHDS), an X-linked birth defect characterized by neurodevelopmental impairments and peripheral hyperthyroidism, whereas OATP1C1 deficiency is linked to brain hypometabolism and progressive neurodegeneration.

Gyrate atrophy of the choroid and retina with vitreous hemorrhage complication in a Vietnamese child.

Gyrate atrophy (GA) of the choroid and retina is a rare autosomal recessive inherited disease characterized by elevation of plasma ornithine levels due to deficiency of the mitochondrial enzyme resulting in progressive chorioretinal atrophy, nyctalopia, and possibly blindness. This report presents the case of a 7-year-old Vietnamese boy with no history of trauma and a complaint of sudden visual loss over the past 6 weeks. Fundus examination showed vitreous hemorrhage in the right eye and chorioretinal atrophy with hyperpigmented margins in the periphery retina of the left eye.

and evaluation of anti-inflammatory triterpene saponins from W.W. Smith (Lamiaceae).

W.W. Smith (Lamiaceae), a medicinal herb traditionally used in Vietnam, was investigated for its anti-inflammatory potential.

Novel validation of HDR brachy therapy dosimetry for cervical cancer using egs_brachy Monte Carlo simulations: a comparative analysis with Oncentra treatment planning system.

Purpose: This study aims to validate HDR brachytherapy dosimetry for cervical cancer patients utilizing the egs_brachy Monte Carlo (MC) simulation.

Methods: Three cervical cancer patients treated with Ir HDR brachytherapy were included. Dose distributions were calculated by the Oncentra Brachy v4 treatment planning system (TPS) based on AAPM TG-43.

Cosubstrates in azo dye decolorization: From conventional anaerobic systems to microbial fuel cells.

Cosubstrates play a pivotal role in anaerobic azo dye treatment, including both conventional and emerging microbial fuel cells (MFCs) systems, but their mechanistic roles are often overlooked. Compounding this issue is the persistent shortage of biodegradable cosubstrates in real textile wastewater, emphasizing the need for strategic evaluation and optimization. This review systematically analyzes how cosubstrate types and concentrations affect decolorization performance in both systems, based on a wide range of previous studies.

Enhanced dye treatment and bioelectricity generation in microbial fuel cells: the role of magnetite-inoculated anode and cosubstrates.

This study investigated the influence of cosubstrate complexity and magnetite-inoculated anodes on microbial fuel cells (MFCs) treating synthetic dyeing wastewater (500 mgCOD/L, 50 mg/L Reactive Black 5). Two MFCs types were constructed: one with magnetite pre-inoculated anodes (MFCM) and another with sludge-only inoculated anodes (MFCS). Both MFCs were operated with either starch or ethanol as the cosubstrate, and in both cases, MFCM consistently outperformed MFCS.