The impact of ketamine and thiopental anesthesia on ultraweak photon emission and oxidative-nitrosative stress in rat brains.

Anesthetics such as ketamine and thiopental, commonly used for inducing unconsciousness, have distinct effects on neuronal activity, metabolism, and cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Ketamine increases heart rate and blood pressure while preserving respiratory function, whereas thiopental decreases both and can cause respiratory depression. This study investigates the impact of ketamine (100 mg/kg) and thiopental (45 mg/kg) on ultraweak photon emission (UPE), oxidative-nitrosative stress, and antioxidant capacity in isolated rat brains.

Monitoring Alzheimer's disease via ultraweak photon emission.

In an innovative experiment, we detected ultraweak photon emission (UPE) from the hippocampus of male rat brains and found significant correlations between Alzheimer's disease (AD), memory decline, oxidative stress, and UPE intensity. These findings may open up novel methods for screening, detecting, diagnosing, and classifying neurodegenerative diseases, particularly AD. The study suggests that UPE from the brain's neural tissue can serve as a valuable indicator.

Comparison of the efficacy of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells conditioned medium and platelet-rich plasma on the hippocampus of STZ-induced rat model of Alzheimer's disease: A behavioral and stereological study.

Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is accompanied by progressive cognitive disorders and memory loss. This study aims to determine the combined effects of conditioned medium of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (CM) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on AD model rats.

Methods: Forty-eight male Sprague Dawley rats were classified into 6 groups: Control, Sham, AD, and three treatment groups.

Effect of methamphetamine on ultraweak photon emission and level of reactive oxygen species in male rat brain.

All living cells, including neurons, generate ultra-weak photon emission (UPE) during biological activity, and in particular, in the brain, it has been shown that UPE is correlated with neuronal activity and associated metabolic processes. Various intracellular factors, as well as external factors, can reduce or increase the intensity of UPE. In this study, we have used Methamphetamine (METH) as one potentially effective external factor, which is a substance that has the property of stimulating the central nervous system.

Functional and structural alternations in the choroid plexus upon methamphetamine exposure.

Choroid plexus (CP) is the principal source of cerebrospinal fluid. CP can produce and release a wide range of materials including growth factors, neurotrophic factors, etc. all of which play an important role in the maintenance and proper functioning of the brain.

Effects of Captopril and Losartan on Cardiac Stereology in Rats with Renovascular Hypertension.

Background: Captopril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, and losartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker, are used for the treatment of hypertension, but their effects on cardiac stereology are unknown. This study, therefore, aimed to examine their effects on cardiac stereology in rats with renovascular hypertension.

Methods: This study was conducted at Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Centre, and Cardiovascular Pharmacology Research Lab, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, in August 2015 to August 2016.

Effect of Selenium on Quantitative Structural Changes in Dexamethasone-Induced Immunodeficiency Rat Models.

Background: One of the major indices of immunodeficiency is lymphoid organ atrophy. Some trace elements are candidates for the treatment of this defect. These conditions may induce structural changes in the sub-components of lymphoid organs.

An Experimental Investigation of Ultraweak Photon Emission from Adult Murine Neural Stem Cells.

Neurons like other living cells may have ultraweak photon emission (UPE) during neuronal activity. This study is aimed to evaluate UPE from neural stem cells (NSC) during their serial passaging and differentiation. We also investigate whether the addition of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) or enhancement of UPE (by AgNPs or mirror) affect the differentiation of NSC.

Effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on ovarian structures in cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian failure in female rats: a stereological study.

Background: Ovarian failure is diagnosed by ovarian destruction and reducing sex hormonal levels. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) contains several growth factors that induce tissue repair and may induce folliculogenesis.

Objective: This study evaluates the effect of PRP on ovarian structures and function in cyclophosphamide (Cy)-induced ovarian failure in female rats by a stereological method.

Depletion of neural stem cells from the subventricular zone of adult mouse brain using cytosine b-Arabinofuranoside.

Introduction: Neural stem cells (NSCs) reside along the ventricular axis of the mammalian brain. They divide infrequently to maintain themselves and the down-stream progenitors. Due to the quiescent property of NSCs, attempts to deplete these cells using antimitotic agents such as cytosine b-Aarabinofuranoside (Ara-C) have not been successful.

Effect of BMP4 preceded by retinoic acid and co-culturing ovarian somatic cells on differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells into oocyte-like cells.

Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) and retinoic acid (RA) signaling are the key regulators for germ cell and meiosis induction, respectively. Gonadal tissue also provides an appropriate microenvironment for oocyte differentiation in vivo. The current study aimed to determine whether mimicking in vivo niche is more efficient for oocyte differentiation from embryonic stem (ES) cells.

Comparison of cell viability and embryoid body size of two embryonic stem cell lines after different exposure times to bone morphogenetic protein 4.

Background: Activation of bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) signaling pathway in embryonic stem (ES) cells plays an important role in controlling cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Adverse effects of BMP4 occur in a time dependent manner; however, little is known about the effect of different time exposure of this growth factor on cell number in culture media. In this study, we investigated the role of two different exposure times to BMP4 in cell viability, embryoid body (EB), size, and cavitation of ES cells.

The use of aloe vera extract as a novel storage media for the avulsed tooth.

Background: Tooth avulsion is one of the most severe dental traumas which most often occur in children. When immediate replantation is not possible, storage in a proper media may lead to a prolonged survival rate. Aloe Vera is a cactus like plant with green, tapered leaves that are filled with a transparent viscous gel.

Delayed BMP4 exposure increases germ cell differentiation in mouse embryonic stem cells.

Fate mapping studies have revealed that bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) signaling has a key role in segregation of primordial germ cells from proximal epiblast. Adding BMP4 to the culture media of embryonic stem (ES) cells could induce expression of germ cell markers; however, to provide a desired number of germ cells has remained a challenge. In the current study, we intended to establish an in vitro system to obtain reliable germ cells derived from ES cells.

Cardiomyocyte marker expression in mouse embryonic fibroblasts by cell-free cardiomyocyte extract and epigenetic manipulation.

Background: The regenerative capacity of the mammalian heart is quite limited. Recent reports have focused on reprogramming mesenchymal stem cells into cardiomyocytes. We investigated whether fibroblasts could transdifferentiate into myocardium.

Stereological study of the effect of ginger's alcoholic extract on the testis in busulfan-induced infertility in rats.

Background: In traditional medicine zingiber officinale used to regulate female menstural cycle and treat male infertility. Recent studies have suggested the possible role of ginger extract in improving the testicular damage of busulfan.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of zingiber officinale on the sperm parameters, testosterone level and the volume of the testes and seminiferous tubules by stereological methods.

A comparison of the multiple oocyte maturation gene expression patterns between the newborn and adult mouse ovary.

Background: The interaction between follicular cells and oocyte leads to a change in gene expression involved in oocyte maturation processes.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to quantify the expression of more common genes involved in follicular growth and oocyte developmental competence.

Materials And Methods: In this experimental study, the expression of genes was evaluated with qRT-PCR assay in female BALB/c mice pups at 3-day of pre-pubertal and 8 week old virgin adult ovaries.

Effect of follicular fluid and platelet-activating factor on lactate dehydrogenase C expression in human asthenozoospermic samples.

Background: Application of follicular fluid (FF) and platelet-activating factor (PAF) in artificial insemination improves sperm motility. Lactate dehydrogenase C (LDH-C) is a key enzyme for sperm motility. In this study, the effects of FF and PAF on the sperm motility index and LDH-C expression were investigated.

Effects of L-carnitine and Pentoxifylline on the Activity of Lactate Dehydrogenase C4 isozyme and Motility of Testicular Spermatozoa in Mice.

Background: Extracted sperm from the testis have poor motility. Moreover, their motility changes during their journey through epidydimis. Meanwhile, they face high concentration of L-carnitin.

The effectiveness of oral rehydration solution at various concentrations as a storage media for avulsed teeth.

Introduction: Following avulsion, the periodontal ligament (PDL) cells are at risk of necrosis. To achieve a favorable survival prognosis, the PDL cells must be kept viability. Therefore, immediate replantation is considered as the treatment of choice and in case it is not possible, storing the tooth in an appropriate storage media should be considered.

Effect of combined density gradient centrifugation on X- and Y- sperm separation and chromatin integrity.

Background: It has been claimed that by using different washing methods, the sperms can be separated according to size, motility, density, chromosomal content and surface markings and charge. These methods also reduce sperm chromatin deficiencies and screen the sperms before applying in assisted reproduction techniques.

Objective: This study compared simple density gradient methods and a combined method with albumin density gradient and PureSperm separation (alb/PureSperm) for sex preselection by double fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) versus chromomycin A3 staining to determine chromatin integrity.

Cardiomyocyte marker expression in a human lymphocyte cell line using mouse cardiomyocyte extract.

Cell transplantation shows potential for the treatment of cardiac diseases. Embryonic stem cells, cord blood and mesenchymal stem cells have been suggested as sources for transplantation therapy. Because of some technical limitations with the use of stem cells, transdifferentiation of fully differentiated cells is a potentially useful alternative.

Glucose affects monocarboxylate cotransporter (MCT) 1 expression during mouse preimplantation development.

Cleavage-stage embryos have an absolute requirement for pyruvate and lactate, but as the morula compacts, it switches to glucose as the preferred energy source to fuel glycolysis. Substrates such as glucose, amino acids, and lactate are moved into and out of cells by facilitated diffusion. In the case of lactate and pyruvate, this occurs via H+-monocarboxylate cotransporter (MCT) proteins.