Using natural nitrites from Angelica keiskei and high hydrostatic pressure treatment for producing high-quality cured pork loin with significant nitrous pigment formation.

High-quality cured meat can be produced by the combined application of natural curing agents (NCAs) and processing technology. This study investigates the synergistic effect of an NCA (fermented Angelica keiskei extract) and high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) treatment on the physicochemical properties of cured meat. The nitrites and phenolic compounds in the NCA facilitate cured meat color formation while minimizing the content of residual nitrites and lipid oxidation.

Diminished Motivation for Voluntary Exercise and Metabolic Dysfunction in Psychiatric Disorders: A Behavioral Perspective on Autism Spectrum Disorder and Depression.

Purpose: This study investigated spontaneous locomotor activity and metabolic phenotype in animal models of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and major depressive disorder (MDD), with a focus on motivation to engage in voluntary exercise.

Methods: Spontaneous locomotion, voluntary wheel running, and metabolic phenotypes were assessed in Shank3B-knockout mice (ASD model) and stress-susceptible mice exposed to chronic restraint stress (CRSTSUS, MDD model) using indirect calorimetry and behavioral tests.

Results: Shank3B-knockout mice exhibited self-injurious repetitive behaviors resulting in skin lesions, while CRSTSUS mice showed behavioral despair indicative of stress vulnerability, along with a marked reduction in spontaneous locomotor activity and decreased motivation for voluntary exercise.

Targeting eRNA-Producing Super-Enhancers Regulates TNFα Expression and Mitigates Chronic Inflammation in Mice and Patient-Derived Immune Cells.

Chronic inflammatory diseases are driven by immune cell dysregulation and overproduction of pro-inflammatory molecules, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα). Super-enhancers (SEs) and their enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) are critical gene expression regulators and offer therapeutic potential beyond protein-targeting approaches. This work hypothesizes that targeting eRNAs could reduce chronic inflammation by modulating TNFα expression.

Phosphatase regulation in cell division: With emphasis on PP2A-B56.

Protein phosphatase 2A-B56 (PP2A-B56) is a key regulator of mitosis, playing an essential role in maintaining chromosomal stability and ensuring the fidelity of cell division. As a component of the PP2A holoenzyme, the B56 regulatory subunit confers substrate specificity, primarily through interactions with the conserved LxxIxE motif on target proteins. This review highlights the molecular mechanisms by which PP2A-B56 regulates key processes in cell division, including chromosome cohesion and condensation, kinetochore-microtubule attachment, spindle assembly checkpoint silencing, and activation of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome.

Gut microbiota and brain-resident CD4 T cells shape behavioral outcomes in autism spectrum disorder.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by alterations in social, repetitive, and anxiety-like behaviors. While emerging evidence suggest a gut-brain etiology in ASD, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. To dissect this axis, we developed a germ-free BTBR mouse model for ASD.

DFT study to discover new EIL materials based on the quinolate derivatives involving S and Se atoms.

We designed a series of new EIL molecules based on the Liq. As a simple design strategy, S and Se atoms were utilized to replace O atom of quinolate moiety. Additionally, the quinolate derivatives including S and Se atoms with singly oxidized metal ions (Na, K, Rb, Cs, Ag, and Au) were also designed.

Embryonic stem cell-specific intragenic enhancer RNA essential for NSUN2-mediated stem cell fate regulation.

NSUN2 (NOP2/Sun RNA methyltransferase 2), an RNA m5C-methyltransferase responsible for the 5-methylcytosine (m5C) modification in various RNAs, is highly expressed in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and is essential for multiple biological processes, including regulating the balance between pluripotency and differentiation, as well as brain development. However, the regulatory mechanisms governing Nsun2 expression in ESCs remain largely unknown. Through a comprehensive multi-omics analysis integrating ChIP-seq, GRO-seq, and ATAC-seq, we identified a putative ESC-specific intragenic enhancer of Nsun2, suggesting its role in enhancer-mediated gene regulation in mESCs.

Discovery to Engineering of Mycotoxin Deoxynivalenol Degrading Enzymes Based on the Specialized Glyoxalase I.

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin that is omnipresent in food and feed. Therefore, this study has focused on discovery, molecular characterization, and engineering of DON degrading enzymes, based on a DON isomerizing enzyme (e.g.

Se-Assisted Modulation of Electronic Structure of Ruthenium Phosphide Nanotubes for Efficient Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution Reaction.

Anion-exchange membrane water electrolysis (AEMWE) holds immense promise for hydrogen (H) production yet faces challenges due to the sluggish kinetics of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Highly efficient and durable catalysts for HER are crucial for the successful implementation of AEMWE to produce hydrogen gas reliably. Ruthenium phosphides (Ru P) have emerged as promising non-Pt catalysts for alkaline HER; however, they suffer from rapid degradation due to weak Ru-P bonding, which cannot protect the Ru center from further oxidation and subsequent dissolution.

PIFR: A novel approach for analyzing pose angle-based human activity to automate fall detection in videos.

Falls pose a significant health risk for elderly populations, necessitating advanced monitoring technologies. This study introduces a novel two-stage fall detection system that combines computer vision and machine learning to accurately identify fall events. The system uses the YOLOv11 object detection model to track individuals and estimate their body pose by identifying 17 key body points across video frames.

Effect of ultra-high pressure treatment on the physico-chemical properties of emulsified meat analogs.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of ultra-high pressure (UHP) treatment on the physicochemical and structural properties of emulsified alternative meat products. Emulsified samples were treated at pressures of 100-500 MPa and their pH, color, moisture contents, WHC (water holding capacity), viscosity, emulsion stability and textural properties were analyzed. The results showed that UHP significantly improved pH, lightness and redness in all treatment groups.

Organic phosphorescence in Pt(II)-complexes linked to organic chromophores for blue-emitting organic light-emitting diodes.

Recently, organic persistent room-temperature phosphorescence (OPRTP), entailing triplet-state emission from purely organic units instead of luminescent heavy metal complexes, has emerged as a promising alternative for the development of emitting materials in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). For OPRTP-based devices to achieve acceptable performances, the low emission efficiency caused by weak spin-orbit coupling and high sensitivity to external environmental factors, such as temperature, moisture, and oxygen must be overcome. Herein, four-coordinate N-heterocyclic carbene Pt(II) complexes bearing carbazole (Cz) or naphthalene (Np) groups were assembled and found to exhibit exothermic triplet-triplet energy transfer (TTET) from the high triplet metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) state (T = 2.

Differential behavior responses and genetic alteration underpinning exercise effectiveness in stress-susceptible mice.

Stress susceptibility varies across individuals, influenced by genetic, molecular, and environmental factors. Hence, approaches for exercise treatment as an antidepressant and anxiolytic intervention must consider individual variability. Examining individual adaptation to exercise provides insights into the biology of such variations.

Comparative Analyses of the Influences of Vehicles on Selected Biological Parameters Following Single-Dose Oral Administration in Sprague-Dawley Rats.

Various types of vehicles are used in non-clinical studies to administer treatment substances to experimental animals. It is recognized that these vehicle substances can influence animal physiology to some extent. Studies are designed to minimize the effects of vehicle substances to ensure reliable results.

Layer-by-Layer Interdigitated CuS/AuS Heteronanoplates by Selectively Blocking the Pathway of Cation Exchange Reaction.

Cation exchange reactions (CERs), recognized as a promising postsynthetic modification strategy, have garnered significant interest for generating thermodynamically unfavorable structural features, such as heterointerfaces. The formation of these heterointerfaces, which exhibit physicochemical properties distinct from those of their individual components, relies on precise control over the diffusion pathways of externally introduced cations as they migrate from the surface into the crystal interior. However, achieving regiospecific modulation of cation diffusion to rationally design heterointerfaces remains a formidable challenge.

Lactobacillus paracasei-derived extracellular vesicles reverse molecular and behavioral deficits in mouse models of autism spectrum disorder.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by social communication deficits and repetitive behaviors. Although our current understanding the mechanisms underlying ASD is growing, effective treatment options are still underdevelopment. Extracellular vesicles derived from the probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei (LpEV) have shown neuroprotective effects in both in vitro and in vivo models.

Perturbed cell fate decision by schizophrenia-associated AS3MT isoform during corticogenesis.

The neurodevelopmental theory of schizophrenia emphasizes early brain development in its etiology. Genome-wide association studies have linked schizophrenia to genetic variations of (arsenite methyltransferase) gene, particularly the increased expression of AS3MT isoform. To investigate the biological basis of this association with schizophrenia pathophysiology, we established a transgenic mouse model (AS3MT-Tg) ectopically expressing AS3MT at the cortical neural stem cells.

ETV5 reduces androgen receptor expression and induces neural stem-like properties during neuroendocrine prostate cancer development.

Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC), an aggressive subtype induced by hormone therapy, lacks effective treatments. This study explored the role of E26 transformation-specific variant 5 (ETV5) in NEPC development. Analysis of multiple prostate cancer datasets revealed that NEPC is characterized by significantly elevated expression compared to other subtypes.

Nitrogen Doping Strategy in SiO Insulators for Stable and Hydrogen-Resistant ALD-IGZO TFTs.

In-Ga-Zn-O (IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) fabricated via atomic layer deposition (ALD) show promise for future display applications. However, they face challenges related to bias stability and hydrogen vulnerability. We propose an N doping strategy for SiO gate insulators (GI) using nitrous oxide (NO) plasma reactants to control the active layer/GI interface and GI bulk properties of top-gate bottom-contact (TG-BC) IGZO TFTs.

Exploring the Origin of High Thermal Stability of the Performance of -Quaternary All-Polymer Solar Cells.

As all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) have achieved impressive power conversion efficiencies (PCEs), extending their lifetime under long-term operation is also increasingly important. To address this issue, in this study, a new -quaternary blend composed of conjugated block copolymer donors and acceptors, PM6--TT:-PYT, is introduced as the active layer for all-PSCs. Compared to the all-PSC based on the traditional binary blend, PM6:BTTP-T, those based on -quaternary active layer exhibited significantly improved thermal stability after thermal annealing under harsh conditions of 150 °C in an ambient atmosphere.

Atomic-level Ru-Ir mixing in rutile-type (RuIr)O for efficient and durable oxygen evolution catalysis.

The success of proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) depends on active and robust electrocatalysts to facilitate oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Heteroatom-doped-RuO has emerged as a promising electrocatalysts because heteroatoms suppress lattice oxygen participation in the OER, thereby preventing the destabilization of surface Ru and catalyst degradation. However, identifying suitable heteroatoms and achieving their atomic-scale coupling with Ru atoms are nontrivial tasks.

Drying methods of duck blood: Changes in volatile components and physicochemical properties.

This study investigated the physicochemical properties and volatile components of duck blood powder to determine its quality characteristics based on drying methods. The drying methods of duck blood samples used were freeze drying (FD), hot air drying (HD), spray drying (SD), and vacuum drying (VD). Duck blood powder treated with HD presented the lowest lightness and the highest carbonyl content.

A Hybrid Quantum-Classical Model for Stock Price Prediction Using Quantum-Enhanced Long Short-Term Memory.

The stock markets have become a popular topic within machine learning (ML) communities, with one particular application being stock price prediction. However, accurately predicting the stock market is a challenging task due to the various factors within financial markets. With the introduction of ML, prediction techniques have become more efficient but computationally demanding for classical computers.

Development of a cerebellar ataxia diagnosis model using conditional GAN-based synthetic data generation for visuomotor adaptation task.

This study proposes a synthetic data generation model to create a classification framework for cerebellar ataxia patients using trajectory data from the visuomotor adaptation task. The classification objectives include patients with cerebellar ataxia, age-matched normal individuals, and young healthy subjects. Synthetic data for the three classes is generated based on class conditions and random noise by leveraging a combination of conditional adversarial generative neural networks and reconstruction networks.