Rare variants in PRKCI cause Van der Woude syndrome and other features of peridermopathy.

Van der Woude syndrome (VWS) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by lower lip pits and orofacial clefts (OFCs). With a prevalence of ∼1 in 35,000 live births, it is the most common form of syndromic clefting. Most VWS is attributed to variants in IRF6 (∼70%) or GRHL3 (∼5%), leaving up to 25% of individuals without a molecular diagnosis.

Bayesian optimized CNN ensemble for efficient potato blight detection using fuzzy image enhancement.

Potato blight is a serious disease that affects potato crops and leads to substantial agricultural and economic losses. To enhance detection accuracy, we propose Bayesian Optimized CNN Weighted Ensemble Potato Blight Detection, a deep learning-based approach that optimizes CNN models through Bayesian optimization and ensemble learning. In the proposed study, extensive experiments were conducted to develop an optimized Bayesian Weighted Ensemble CNN model for the detection of potato leaf blight.

Highly efficient one pot synthesis of novel Furo[3,2-c]coumarin C-glycosides and their in-silico studies.

The study presents a highly efficient synthetic route for novel furo[3,2-c]coumarin C-glycosides using an isocyanide-based multicomponent reaction. The process uses β-C-glycopyranosyl aldehydes, derived from naturally occurring d-glucose or d-galactose, as key intermediates and eliminates the need for catalysts. The reaction, performed in acetonitrile at room temperature, yields target compounds in excellent yields within 4-6 h.

Neuroprotective Potential of Human Platelet Lysate in Parkinson's Disease: Insights Into Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Cell Death, and Reactive Gliosis in Experimental Models.

Parkinson's disease (PD) entails complex pathology, with current treatments managing symptoms but failing to halt neurodegeneration. Preclinical evidence suggests human platelet lysate (HPL) from healthy donors as a neuroprotective candidate due to its rich neurotrophic content, though its potential in PD models remains largely underexplored. In this study, we present substantial experimental findings demonstrating the neuroprotective effects of HPL administration in both rotenone (ROT)-induced in vitro as well as in vivo models of PD.

Beyond the puff: unravelling patterns and predictors of tobacco usage among adolescents and youth in Delhi, India.

Objectives: Tobacco use remains a significant public health concern, particularly among youth, who are at a higher risk of developing long-term addiction and related health complications. The early initiation of tobacco use, often during adolescence and young adulthood, contributes to the prevalence of smoking-related diseases later in life. Despite various anti-tobacco initiatives, the consumption of tobacco products continues to be widespread among young people.

Optimized breast cancer diagnosis using self-adaptive quantum metaheuristic feature selection.

Breast cancer is a leading cause of mortality among women and is increasing rapidly around the world. For early diagnosis of breast cancer, precise classification, and finding the best subset for cancer identification, evolutionary-based feature selection methods play a vital role in effective treatment. Previous studies have shown that existing evolutionary methods are complicated in correctly differentiating BC disease subtypes with high consistency, which seriously affects the performance of classification methods.

FPA-based weighted average ensemble of deep learning models for classification of lung cancer using CT scan images.

Cancer is among the most dangerous diseases contributing to rising global mortality rates. Lung cancer, particularly adenocarcinoma, is one of the deadliest forms and severely impacts human life. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment significantly increase patient survival rates.

Posterior Belly of the Digastric Muscle as a Reliable and Consistent Landmark for the Identification of the Facial Nerve Trunk During Parotidectomy.

Background Identification and preservation of the facial nerve trunk (FNT) are critical during parotidectomy to prevent complications such as facial paralysis. Due to its anatomical proximity and accessibility, the posterior belly of the digastric muscle (PBDM) has emerged as a consistent and reliable intraoperative landmark for localizing the FNT. This study aims to review the experience of a single institution in superficial parotidectomy, with a focus on identifying the FNT using the PBDM.

Persistent elevated levels of dissolved lead in the Indian Ocean post-leaded gasoline ban: The impact of anthropogenic activities, sediment desorption, and dust storms.

This study examines the distribution of dissolved lead (dPb) in the Indian Ocean, based on seawater samples collected during winter monsoon GI10 (2020) and spring inter-monsoon GI09 (2021) cruises. A total of 510 samples were analyzed for dPb concentrations using HR-ICP-MS coupled with seaFAST system. The study emphasizes the spatial distribution of dPb in the Indian Ocean, identifying major sources and key influencing factors.

Bridging the gap: a study on substance use among the adolescents in a rural area of Jaipur.

Objectives: To find out the prevalence of substance use and associated factors among adolescents of the rural area of Jaipur, Rajasthan.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in 461 adolescents of rural area Achrol of Jaipur using systematic random sampling technique. Sample size of 461 was calculated using 4PQ/L2 with a prevalence of substance use at 15.

Rare variants in cause Van der Woude syndrome and other features of peridermopathy.

Van der Woude syndrome (VWS) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by lower lip pits and orofacial clefts (OFCs). With a prevalence of approximately 1 in 35,000 live births, it is the most common form of syndromic clefting and may account for ~2% of all OFCs. The majority of VWS is attributed to genetic variants in (~70%) or (~5%), leaving up to 25% of individuals with VWS without a molecular diagnosis.

Multi-level clustering and Prediction based energy efficient routing protocol to eliminate Hotspot problem in Wireless Sensor Networks.

Conserving energy of sensor nodes and ensuring balanced workloads among them are fundamental concerns in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) design. Clustering strategies offer a promising avenue to minimize node energy consumption, thereby prolonging network lifespan. Nevertheless, numerous multi-hop routing protocols using clustering technique face the challenge of nodes nearer to the Base Station (BS) depleting their energy faster due to forwarding data from the entire network leading to premature node failure and network partitioning known as 'hotspot problem'.

Role of centchroman in regression of fibroadenoma: A 2-arm randomized control trial.

Background: Fibroadenomas are common benign breast lumps that can cause anxiety due to malignancy concerns, and Centchroman, a selective estrogen receptor modulator, has shown promise in reducing their size. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Centchroman in reducing fibroadenoma size, mastalgia, anxiety, and depression in affected patients.

Methodology: A parallel-arm randomized controlled trial was conducted at a tertiary care Breast Clinic with 104 patients aged 18‒45 years having fibroadenomas ≤ 3 cm.

A mechanistic, functional, and clinical perspective on targeting CD70 in cancer.

The oncoimmunology research has witnessed notable advancements in recent years. Reshaping the tumor microenvironment (TME) approach is an effective method to improve antitumor immune response. The T cell-mediated antitumor response is crucial for favorable therapeutic outcomes in several cancers.

Ensemble deep learning and EfficientNet for accurate diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy.

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) stands as a significant global cause of vision impairment, underscoring the critical importance of early detection in mitigating its impact. Addressing this challenge head-on, this study introduces an innovative deep learning framework tailored for DR diagnosis. The proposed framework utilizes the EfficientNetB0 architecture to classify diabetic retinopathy severity levels from retinal images.

Functional characterization of novel RbTI gene from ricebean and validation of its insecticidal properties in transgenic tobacco.

Plant protease inhibitors (PI's) inhibit the activity of gut proteases and thus provide resistance against insect attack. Previously we have published first report on cloning and characterization of a novel Bowman-Birk protease inhibitor gene (RbTI) from ricebean (Vigna umbellata). In this study, the RbTI gene was further characterized and validated as a potential candidate for transferring insect resistance in economically important crops.

Implicative role of Cytokines in Neuroinflammation mediated AD and associated signaling pathways: Current Progress in molecular signaling and therapeutics.

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is one of the most devastating age-related disorder causing significant social and economic burden worldwide. It affects the cognitive and social behavior of individuals and characterized by accumulation of Aβ, phosphorylated tau and cytokines formation. The synthesis and release of cytokines are regulated by specific groups of immune and non-immune cells in response to microglia or astrocyte activation through multiple pathways.

Association Between the Gut Microbiota and Alzheimer's Disease: An Update on Signaling Pathways and Translational Therapeutics.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a cognitive disease with high morbidity and mortality. In AD patients, the diversity of the gut microbiota is altered, which influences pathology through the gut-brain axis. Probiotic therapy alleviates pathological and psychological consequences by restoring the diversity of the gut microbial flora.

A novel quinazoline derivative exhibits potent anticancer cytotoxicity via apoptosis and inhibition of angiogenesis in DMBA-induced mammary gland carcinoma.

Mammary gland carcinoma is one of the most prevalent and deadly diseases among women globally. It is a type of solid malignant tumor. In this malignant tumor, the microenvironment becomes hypoxic in rapidly proliferating cancer cells.

A traveling surface acoustic wave-based micropiezoactuator: A tool for additive- and label-free cell lysis.

We propose a traveling surface acoustic wave (TSAW)-based microfluidic method for cell lysis that enables lysis of any biological entity, without the need for additional additives. Lysis of cells in the sample solution flowing through a poly (dimethyl siloxane) microchannel is enabled by the interaction of cells with TSAWs propagated from gold interdigitated transducers (IDTs) patterned onto a LiNbO piezoelectric substrate, onto which the microchannel was also bonded. Numerical simulations to determine the wave propagation intensities with varying parameters including IDT design, supply voltage, and distance of the channel from the IDT were performed.

Protease activated receptor-1 regulates mixed lineage kinase-3 to drive triple-negative breast cancer tumorigenesis.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is difficult to treat breast cancer subtype due to lack or insignificant expressions of targetable estrogen receptor (ER) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Therefore, finding a targetable protein or signaling pathway in TNBC would impact patient care. Here, we report that a member of the Mixed Lineage Kinase (MLK) family, MLK3, is an effector of G-protein-coupled protease-activated receptors 1 (PAR1) and targeting MLK3 by a small-molecule inhibitor prevented PAR1-mediated TNBC tumorigenesis.

Effect of Mndoping and DDAB-assisted postpassivation on the structural and optical properties of CsPb(Cl/Br)halide perovskite nanocrystals.

Cesium lead halide perovskite (CsPbX; X = Cl, Br, I) nanocrystals showing intense band-edge emission and high photoluminescence quantum yield are known to be a potential candidate for application in optoelectronic devices. However, controlling toxicity due to the presence of Pbin lead-based halide perovskites is a major challenge for the environment that needs to be tackled cautiously. In this work, we have partially replaced Pbwith Mnions in the CsPb(Cl/Br)nanocrystals and investigated their impact on the structural and optical properties.