Characterization of peptide-enriched walnut meal paste via microbial diversity and metabolite profiling.

Walnut meal (WM), a protein-rich byproduct of oil extraction, holds great potential for conversion into value-added food products but remains underutilized. In this study, a two-stage fermentation process involving Aspergillus oryzae inoculation for koji preparation followed by natural brine fermentation was developed to produce a peptide-enriched walnut meal paste (WMP). Physicochemical analysis showed significant increases in total acidity (0.

Reference intervals for serum albumin, total protein, and prealbumin in healthy children in Nanning, China.

Aim: The diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of childhood diseases rely on accurately establishing reference intervals (RIs). The aim of this study was to determine the RIs of albumin (ALB), total protein (TP), and prealbumin (PA) in children in Nanning, China, according to age, gender, and ethnicity.

Methods: A total of 4001 apparently healthy children aged 0 ~ 18 years from the Nanning area were included.

Regulating dispersion of OEO Pickering emulsion to construct smart antibacterial nanocellulose packaging films contained microcapsule.

The dispersion form of Pickering emulsions in the film-forming emulsion dominates the structure and property of films. In this study, the dispersion of oregano essential oil (OEO) Pickering emulsion in the cellulose nanofiber (CNF) were regulated to construct the smart antibacterial packaging films. The emulsion droplets rapidly layered and uniformly aggregated at the top of the film-forming emulsion (CNF 0-0.

The diagnostic value of midkine as a novel serum biomarker in alpha-fetoprotein-negative hepatocellular carcinoma.

ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to investigate the correlation between the expression levels of midkine (MDK) in the serum of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and various clinical features, and to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of MDK in HCC cases that are negative for alpha-fetoprotein (AFP).MethodsSerum samples from 330 patients were collected from electronic cases and divided into three groups: HCC, benign liver disease, and healthy people. Serum MDK levels in all three groups were detected by ELISA.

Mechanistic insights into JSS1_004-mediated antagonism of the DndBCDE-FGH restriction system and engineering applications.

The bacterial DNA phosphorothioate (PT) modification system is orchestrated by the DndCDE enzymatic complex. This system collaborates with restriction components DndF, DndG, and DndH to establish a widespread prokaryotic anti-phage defense network. In the evolutionary arms race, phages such as JSS1 have evolved counter strategies, including the expression of the JSS1_004 protein, to subvert PT-mediated host immunity.

Biochemical Characterization of Two GH62 α-L-Arabinofuranosidases from and Their Synergistic Potential with a GH11 Xylanase in Bran Hydrolysis.

α-L-Arabinofuranosidases (ABFs) are essential accessory enzymes that remove arabinose side chains from arabinoxylans and work synergistically with xylanases to deconstruct complex hemicelluloses. Two GH62 ABFs, TsAbf62A and TsAbf62B, from were cloned and expressed in . The recombinant enzymes, rTsAbf62A and rTsAbf62B, exhibited strong acidophilic properties, with optimal activity at pH 3.

A class of benzofuranoindoline-bearing heptacyclic fungal RiPPs with anticancer activities.

Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) are a promising source of new pharmaceuticals, yet the therapeutic potential of fungal RiPPs remains largely underexplored. Here we report asperigimycins as a distinct class of fungal RiPPs, featuring a unique heptacyclic scaffold consisting of a benzofuranoindoline core and three additional macrocycles, primarily assembled by six distinct fungi-specific DUF3328 oxidases. Inspired by the enhancement of anticancer activity through the N-terminal pyroglutamate in naturally occurring asperigimycins C and D, we chemically modify the inactive asperigimycin B with a series of lipid substitutions at its N-terminus.

USP37 counteracts HLTF to protect damaged replication forks and promote survival of BRCA1-deficient cells and PARP inhibitor resistance.

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) have greatly improved survival of cancer patients harboring BRCA1 mutations. However, therapy resistance develops via either restoration of homologous recombination or replication fork stabilization. Therapeutic targets to overcome PARPi resistance are critically needed.

Occurrence, impact factors, and pollution risk assessment of microplastics in a typical semi-arid urban river in northwest China.

Microplastics (MPs) have garnered much attention as emerging pollutants in recent years, but the occurrence characteristics and impact factors of MPs in the semi-arid region remain poorly understood. Thus, this study adopted a method combining sample plot investigation and data analysis to investigate the occurrence of MPs in the surface water and sediment of the Huangshui River in the semi-arid northwest China, and further analyzed the migration pattern, influencing factors and pollution risk assessment of MPs. The results verified that the MPs abundance in surface water and riverbank sediments ranged in 6.

Novel QTLs/genes affecting single stem elasticity, stem strength, and three lodging indices in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) identified by genome-wide association analysis.

A comprehensive GWAS reveals key QTLs, canditate genes, and networks underlying wheat lodging resistance. Lodging is a complex trait and has implications for wheat grain quality and yield, stem-associated traits are crucial for lodging resistance. Understanding the genetic basis of lodging-associated traits, especially single stem elasticity (SSE), stem strength (SS), and lodging index, is essential for developing effective strategies to enhance lodging resistance in wheat.

PRAP1 regulates colorectal cancer cell proliferation and ferroptosis through the Nrf2 signaling pathway.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common type of cancer that impacts the digestive tract, and current treatment options have limitations. Studies have confirmed that ferroptosis plays a key role in CRC progression. This research sought to clarify how Proline-rich acidic protein 1 (PRAP1) influences CRC advancement and ferroptosis, and to uncover the underlying mechanisms involved.

Foods for Sleep Improvement: A Review of the Potential and Mechanisms Involved.

Insomnia affects one-third of the world's population; the negative effects of insomnia are significant, and traditional insomnia medications have numerous side effects and cause considerable suffering. This has aroused interest in obtaining sleep-improving substances from foods. This study conducted a comprehensive literature review using Web of Science and PubMed with keywords like "sleep", "insomnia", and "food".

Characterization of an epilactose-producing cellobiose 2-epimerase from Clostridium sp. TW13 and reutilization of waste milk.

A novel cellobiose 2-epimerase gene (CsCEase1) from Clostridium sp. TW13 was successfully overexpressed. CsCEase1, with a molecular weight of 45.

Value of brief hematological characteristics in differentiating carcinoembryonic-antigen-negative colorectal cancer from benign colorectal diseases.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the most common malignancies worldwide, with a significant subset of patients exhibiting absence of carcinoembryonic-antigen (CEA) expression. The lack of effective diagnostic method for CEA-negative CRC prevents its early treatment.

Aim: To identify potentially valuable biomarkers for identifying CEA-negative CRC, the hematological characteristics of patients with CEA-negative CRC was investigated.

Pancreatic lipase-inhibiting polysaccharide from Stropharia rugosoannulata: Structural characterization and interaction mechanisms.

Obesity as a global epidemic concern is often considered as a risk factor for multiple metabolic syndrome. Exploring safe and effective natural ingredients exhibiting excellent pancreatic lipase (PL) inhibition has become a promising way to overcome this issue. This study aimed to investigate the structural characterization of Stropharia rugosoannulata polysaccharide (STR-II*) as well as its inhibition effect and mechanism on PL.

Nitric Oxide Distribution Correlates with Intraluminal Thrombus in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: A Computational Study.

Intraluminal thrombus (ILT) in the abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is associated with disease progression and complications. This study investigates the relationship between nitric oxide (NO) concentration and ILT in AAA patients using patient-specific computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models. Four AAA patients with ILT were enrolled.

Effects of Diaphragma Juglandis Fructus polysaccharide against advanced glycation end-products: Structural characterization and underlying anti-glycation mechanism.

Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) generated during protein glycation trigger significant concerns for human health. Exploring safe and effective natural ingredients exhibiting excellent AGEs inhibition has become a promising way to overcome this issue. This research focused on the structural features of Diaphragma Juglandis Fructus polysaccharide (FJP-1) as well as its AGE-inhibiting capacity and mechanisms.

Electroacupuncture alleviates zymosan-induced colorectal hypersensitivity.

Objective: this study to investigate the mechanism underlying the electroacupuncture (EA) alleviates colorectal hypersensitivity, a feature of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

Methods: The colorectal hypersensitivity model was established by treating mice with zymosan. Electrophysiological techniques, Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining were used to detect the changes of the sensitive state of the colorectum and the response in spinal ganglion and spinal cord after acupuncture intervention.

Network pharmacology and multi-omics validation of the Jianpi-Yishen formula in the treatment of chronic kidney disease.

Objective: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major global health problem. In clinical practice, the Chinese patent herbal medicine Jianpi-Yishen (JPYS) formula is commonly used to treat CKD. However, the molecular mechanisms by which JPYS targets and modulates the host immune response remain unclear.

Transcriptome-wide association study identifies genes associated with bladder cancer risk.

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have detected several susceptibility variants for urinary bladder cancer, but how gene regulation affects disease development remains unclear. To extend GWAS findings, we conducted a transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) using PrediXcan to predict gene expression levels in whole blood using genome-wide genotype data for 6180 bladder cancer cases and 5699 controls included in the database of Genotypes and Phenotypes (dbGaP). Logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted gene-level odds ratios (OR) per 1-standard deviation higher expression with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for bladder cancer risk.

Cell cycle progression of under-replicated cells.

Cell cycle checkpoints are the regulatory mechanisms that secure the strict order of cellular events for cell division that ensure genome integrity. It has been proposed that mitosis initiation depends on the completion of DNA replication, which must be tightly controlled to guarantee genome duplication. Contrary to these conventional hypotheses, we showed here that cells were able to enter mitosis without completion of DNA replication.

Preparation, structural characterisation, absorption and calcium transport studies of walnut peptide calcium chelate.

In this study, a walnut peptide (WP) with calcium-binding capacity was prepared using a combination of alkalase and neutrase. The conditions for the preparation of walnut peptide calcium chelate (WP-Ca) were optimised (a peptide/calcium chloride ratio of 1 : 4 for 70 min at 50 °C and pH 9.5).

Projected epidemiological trends and burden of liver cancer by 2040 based on GBD, CI5plus, and WHO data.

Incidence of liver cancer as one of the most common cancers worldwide and become the significant contributor for the mortality among cancer patients. The disease burden, risk factors, and trends in incidence and mortality of liver cancer globally was described subsequently estimated the projections of liver cancer incidence or mortality by 2040. Data regarding age-standardized incidence and mortality rates for liver cancer was obtained from multiple databases, including GLOBOCAN 2020, CI5 volumes I-XI, WHO mortality database, and Global Burden of Disease (GBD)-2019.