Visible Light-Induced Radical-Cascade Difluoroalkylation/Cyclization of Unsaturated Aldehyde Hydrazones for the Synthesis of Difluoroalkylated Dihydropyrazoles and Tetrahydropyridazines.

Visible light-induced radical 5/6- difluoroalkylation/cyclization of -allyl and homoallyl aldehyde hydrazones with various fluoroalkyl bromides has been achieved. The reaction was carried out with alkyl difluoroacetates and difluoroacetamide as difluoroalkylation reagents and Eosin Y as an organic photocatalyst. Various difluoroalkylated dihydropyrazoles and tetrahydropyridazines were obtained under metal-free and mild conditions.

Impact of Aeromonas hydrophila and infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus infections on susceptibility and host immune response in Chinese perch (Siniperca chuatsi).

Co-infections with pathogenic microorganisms are common in aquaculture, resulting in more serious economic losses than single-pathogen infection. Infection of Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila) often occurs together with infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV) in Chinese perch (Siniperca chuatsi) culture ponds.

Pathogenicity of Aeromonas hydrophila causing mass mortalities of Procambarus clarkia and its induced host immune response.

Outbreaks of mass mortalities among cultured Procambarus clarkia occurred in a commercial hatchery during the spring of 2019 in Jiangsu province of China. Here, we exploit the pathogenicity and immune response of Aeromonas hydrophila (GPC1-2), which was isolated from diseased P. clarkia.

Transcriptome analysis and immune-related genes expression reveals the immune responses of Macrobrachium rosenbergii infected by Enterobacter cloacae.

Macrobrachium rosenbergii is an important cultural species in China and other Southeast Asian countries. However, Enterobacter cloacae infection has caused a great economic loss in M. rosenbergii culture industry.