A retrospective analysis of spinal teratomas and spinal lipomas: overlaps and differences in presentation, surgical treatments, and outcomes.

Background: Spinal teratomas and lipomas, both adult and pediatric cases, are rare diseases with many similarities, but have yet to be systematically compared.

Purpose: To systematically compare spinal teratomas and lipomas to optimize management.

Study Design: Retrospective.

Bright luminescent ZnGeO:Mn NP/MXene hydrogel-based ECL biosensor for glioblastoma diagnosis.

In this work, miRNA-10b in the glioblastoma (GBM) tumor tissues has been detected by a novel electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor. Firstly, a new kind of bright luminescent ZnGeO:Mn NPs were prepared as ECL nanoprobe, which possessed high fluorescence quantum yield and ECL quantum efficiency. Secondly, TiC MXene hydrogel (MXG) have been developed as the sensing interface.

Fast identification of the BmNPV infected silkworms by portable NIR spectroscopy and chemometrics.

A convenient, low-cost, and rapid detection of BmNPV-infected silkworms is of great significance for the safety of the sericulture industry. In this study, a portable NIR system was used to collect the spectra of normal silkworms and the infected silkworms induced by the administration of Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV). Different spectral pretreatment methods were applied, then principal component analysis (PCA), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLSDA) were used for the classification analysis.

Three-dimensional conductive network constructed by in-situ preparation of sea urchin-like NiFeO in expanded graphite for efficient microwave absorption.

Expanded graphite (EG) is a modified conductive lamellar carbon that has been widely studied in the field of electromagnetic wave absorption due to its low density, good electrical conductivity, and unique structure. However, its application is limited because the interlayer gap cannot match microwave wavelength, and its single composition has less microwave loss. In this study, sea urchin-like NiFeO/EG composites are prepared in situ between expanded graphite layers by microwave treatment.

Case report of a patient with Erdheim-Chester disease presenting with neuro-endocrine symptoms and negative for BRAF mutation.

Rationale: Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare progressive disease affecting multiple systems. It has recently been recognized as a neoplastic disease following the discovery of activating mutations in the MAPK pathway. There are several striking signs of ECD, such as the long bone involvement, as well as the hairy kidney appearance on computed tomography scan.

Symptomatic secondary spinal arachnoid cysts: a systematic review.

Background Context: Secondary spinal arachnoid cysts have rarely been reported but present significant challenges for management. These cysts could be anteriorly located with long rostral-caudal extensions and many are related to arachnoiditis, leading to difficult-to-treat disorders. Thus far, due to the scarcity of reports, the features of the disease and the optimal therapeutic strategies remain unclear.

Lateral ventricle pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma concurrent with Dandy-Walker complex: A case report.

Introduction: Dandy-Walker complex and pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas are both rare disease entities that typically manifest early in life and are associated with congenital etiological factors. Dandy-Walker complex is a cerebellar malformation associated with a series of anatomical changes. The disease onset is usually at birth or during infancy.

Construction of heterointerfaces and honeycomb-like structure for ultrabroad microwave absorption.

Heterointerface design is an effective strategy to improve the effective absorption bandwidth in electromagnetic wave EMW absorbing materials. In this paper, honeycomb-like Fe-doped tremella carbide composites (FCT) with a large number of heterogeneous interfaces were obtained by in-situ construction of multiphase composite particles (FeC, FeO, and a-Fe) during the carbonization process. The effects of Fe doping on the phase, structure, morphology, and absorption properties of FCT were investigated.

"Big Data" Approaches for Prevention of the Metabolic Syndrome.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by the concurrence of multiple metabolic disorders resulting in the increased risk of a variety of diseases related to disrupted metabolism homeostasis. The prevalence of MetS has reached a pandemic level worldwide. In recent years, extensive amount of data have been generated throughout the research targeted or related to the condition with techniques including high-throughput screening and artificial intelligence, and with these "big data", the prevention of MetS could be pushed to an earlier stage with different data source, data mining tools and analytic tools at different levels.

Malignant Transformation and Metastatic Spread of Dumbbell-Shaped Meningeal Melanocytoma of the Cervical Spine: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: Meningeal melanocytoma is a rare disease that originates from leptomeningeal melanocytes in the central nervous system. Meningeal melanocytoma is generally considered benign, and has a good prognosis following complete surgical resection. Reports of the malignant transformation and spread of these tumors are scarce.

The miR-145-MMP1 axis is a critical regulator for imiquimod-induced cancer stemness and chemoresistance.

Cancer stemness, chemoresistance, and metastasis are related biological events. However, whether they have common molecular mechanisms remains to be determined. Here, we report that imiquimod (IMQ) facilitates the acquisition of stem-cell-like properties and chemoresistance via the upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1) and downregulation of microRNA-145 (miR-145).

Human Cancer Cells Sense Cytosolic Nucleic Acids Through the RIG-I-MAVS Pathway and cGAS-STING Pathway.

Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are germline-encoded host sensors of the innate immune system. Some human cancer cells have been reported to express PRRs. However, nucleic acid sensors in human cancers have not been studied in detail.

GDF15 promotes glioma stem cell-like phenotype via regulation of ERK1/2-c-Fos-LIF signaling.

Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), a member of the transforming growth factor β family, is associated with tumor progression, metastasis, and cell apoptosis. However, controversy persists regarding the role of GDF15 in different tumor types, and its function in glioma stem cells (GSCs) remains unknown. Here, we report that GDF15 promotes the GSC-like phenotype in GSC-like cells (GSCLCs) through the activation of leukemia inhibitor factor (LIF)-STAT3 signaling.

Cerebral pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma mimicking inflammatory granuloma: Two case reports.

Rationale: Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) is a rare low-grade glial neoplasm of the central nervous system, which is difficult to distinguish from other neoplastic and non-neoplastic entities. Herein, we report 2 cases of PXA that had been misdiagnosed as an inflammatory granuloma.

Patient Concerns: The first case was a 22-year-old man who originally presented with a generalized seizure 7 years previously.

Bilateral Internal Auditory Canal Metastasis of Colon Carcinoma Mimicking Neurofibromatosis Type II: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: The vast majority of cerebellopontine angle tumors are benign with a favorable prognosis. Metastatic tumors occurring in the cerebellopontine angle are extremely rare. Herein, we report a case of colon carcinoma metastasis to the bilateral internal auditory canals.

Imaging Gliomas with Nanoparticle-Labeled Stem Cells.

Objective:: Gliomas are the most common neoplasm of the central nervous system (CNS); however, traditional imaging techniques do not show the boundaries of tumors well. Some researchers have found a new therapeutic mode to combine nanoparticles, which are nanosized particles with various properties for specific therapeutic purposes, and stem cells for tracing gliomas. This review provides an introduction of the basic understanding and clinical applications of the combination of stem cells and nanoparticles as a contrast agent for glioma imaging.

Small Cell Glioblastoma of the Sella Turcica Region: Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Background: Glioblastomas in the sellar region are very rare; in most cases, the tumor originates from the optic nerve or optic chiasm. Only 4 cases of sellar glioblastoma with a nonoptic origin have been reported. We present such a case with detailed clinical, imaging, and histopathologic information.

Anatomic Study of Posterior Communicating Artery in Computed Tomographic Image.

Purpose: This study aims to provide an anatomic data of posterior communicating artery (PComA) and its anatomic relationship to the adjacent structures, so as to guide surgeons in the surgery of internal carotid artery-posterior communicating artery aneurysm clipping and sellar tumors resection without injuring the PComA.

Methods: Computer topographic angiography images of 123 individuals were reviewed, and the measurements were done on coronal, sagittal, axial, and other user-defined planes after multiplanar reconstruction. Posterior communicating artery was classified in the reconstructed three-dimensional image, measured in proper planes, and located by the structures such as anterior clinoid process (ACP), posterior clinoid process (PCP), and sagittal midline.

Gliomas in the sellar turcica region: a retrospective study including adult cases and comparison with craniopharyngioma.

Purpose: Previous studies of sellar gliomas have been confined to pediatric optic pilocytic gliomas. The present study aimed to analyze the features of sellar gliomas involving both pediatric and adult patients with various pathologies and to compare them with craniopharyngiomas to better differentiate the diagnosis.

Methods: Twenty-seven sellar gliomas were retrospectively examined regarding their demographics, pathologies, clinical and imaging presentations, surgeries and postoperative complications.

Recent advances in the role of toll-like receptors and TLR agonists in immunotherapy for human glioma.

Gliomas are extremely aggressive brain tumors with a very poor prognosis. One of the more promising strategies for the treatment of human gliomas is targeted immunotherapy where antigens that are unique to the tumors are exploited to generate vaccines. The approach, however, is complicated by the fact that human gliomas escape immune surveillance by creating an immune suppressed microenvironment.