Elucidating Volatile Flavor Profiles and Metabolic Pathways in Northern Pike () During Superchilled Storage: A Combined UPLC-Q-TOF/MS and GC-MS Approach.

Temperature is the most critical factor in fish preservation. Superchilled storage represents a novel technology that effectively retards quality deterioration in aquatic products. This study investigated the flavor variation patterns and deterioration mechanisms in 16 northern pike () samples during superchilled storage (-3 °C) based on analysis using gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS).

The Novel Diketopiperazine Derivative, Compound 5-3, Selectively Inhibited the Proliferation of FLT3-ITD Mutant Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Cells.

The internal tandem duplication mutation of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3-ITD) is associated with high recurrence and mortality rates in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), making it a critical target for anti-AML therapies. Plinabulin is a diketopiperazines derivative that exhibits extensive anti-cancer potency by targeting β-tubulin. We designed and synthesized a novel FLT3 inhibitor, namely , based on the structure of plinabulin and evaluated its effect on FLT3-ITD mutant AML cells.

Study on the Mechanism of Lonicerae japonicae Caulis in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis Based on Transcriptomics and Energy Metabolomics.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation, with current Western treatments focusing on symptom relief and disease progression control through antiinflammatory, analgesic, and immunosuppressive drugs. However, these therapies have significant side effects and limited long-term efficacy. Therefore, novel treatment options are urgently needed.

Molecular mechanisms underlying cashmere quality differences between Jiangnan cashmere goats and Changthangi pashmina goats.

Cashmere goats are excellent livestock breeds known for producing high-quality cashmere fibers from secondary hair follicles. In this study, we aimed to explore the key RNA molecules responsible for the differences in cashmere quality between Jiangnan cashmere goats (JNCG) and Changthangi pashmina goats (CPG). Skin transcriptomic data from the anagen, catagen, and telogen stages of hair follicle growth were retrieved from the SRA database for both JNCG and CPG.

Mechanism Analysis of Zuogui and Yougui Pills on Diabetic Nephropathy Through Transcriptional Regulatory Networks of HIF1A and PPARA.

Diabetic nephropathy, a serious diabetes complication, lacks effective treatments. Traditional Chinese medicine Zuogui Pill (ZGP) and Yougui Pill (YGP) have a definite clinical adjunctive effect on diabetic nephropathy. Given their similar compositions, studying their shared mechanisms could provide novel perspectives into discovering therapeutic targets for diabetic nephropathy.

Elucidating the Differential Mechanisms of Jingui Shenqi Pill and Mingmu Dihuang Pill in the Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy Based on Yin-Yang Theory.

Background: The Yin-Yang attributes of MMDH and JGSQ in treating diabetic nephropathy (DN) remain unexplored.

Methods: UPLC-MS identified formula components, network pharmacology analyzed common DN targets, and in vitro renal fibrosis models assessed efficacy. Transcriptomics revealed key pathways, and molecular docking simulated component-target interactions.

Engineered probiotics remodel the intestinal epithelial barrier and enhance bacteriotherapy for inflammatory bowel diseases.

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are often associated with compromised epithelial barriers and dysregulated gut microbiota. In this study, we revealed the synergistic effect that zinc and indole-3-carbinol (I3C) have in restoring the epithelial barrier, and co-localized them on a ZI platform, which was further conjugated to the surface of Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN). The ZI@EcN formulation effectively delivered ZI to colon tissues and extended its retention in the intestines due to the colonic colonization effect of EcN, thereby promoting the sustained release of zinc and I3C for optimal synergistic effects on epithelial barrier remodeling.

Comparative study on the flavor characteristics of diploid and triploid oysters (Crassostrea gigas) before and after breeding.

In this work, the nonvolatile and volatile compounds were analyzed to investigate the effects of breeding and ploidy on the flavor of oysters. The oysters after breeding (November) exhibited enhanced flavor complexity characterized by malty and mushroom aromas, with diploid oysters displaying nutty aroma profiles, whereas triploid oysters demonstrated significantly higher intensity of fruity notes. Among oysters of different periods and ploidy, the November diploid oyster (ND) exhibited the most desirable flavor.

A druggable targets discovery strategy for diseases (DTDS): Taking Rheumatoid arthritis as a case.

Identifying effective druggable targets with disease-specific for diseases is a tremendous challenge in new drug development. However, current studies of druggable targets identification are most based on either druggability or disease-specific, lacking a combination of two factors. To further improve the accuracy of druggable targets discovery, a druggable target discovery strategy for diseases (DTDS) was proposed, which combined druggable targets prediction by machine learning and key targets identification by tissue-level and cellular-level transcriptomics analysis.

Identification of key antifibrotic targets FPR1, TAS2R5, and LRP2BP of valsartan in diabetic nephropathy: A transcriptomics-driven study integrating machine learning, molecular docking, and dynamics simulations.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major complication of diabetes and a leading cause of renal failure. While valsartan has been shown to alleviate DN clinically, its antifibrotic mechanisms require further investigation. This study used a transcriptomics-driven approach, integrating in vitro, Machine Learning, molecular docking, dynamics simulations and RT-qCPR to identify key antifibrotic targets.

Polydatin from Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix regulates glucolipid metabolism in the liver of diabetic rats: Multiscale analysis of network pharmacology and multiomics.

Background: Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma et Radix (Huzhang in Chinese), refers to the root and rhizome of Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc. Huzhang is commonly used in clinical practice for the prevention and treatment of diabetes and its complications, but its active components and regulatory mechanisms have not yet been thoroughly analyzed.

Propylene glycol alginate sodium sulfate suppressed lung metastasis by blocking P-selectin to recruit CD4 regulatory T cells.

P-selectin has been shown to enhance growth and metastasis of mouse tumors by promoting regulatory T cell (Treg) infiltration into the tumors. Theoretically, a P-selectin antagonist could suppress the process. Popylene glycol alginate sodium sulfate (PSS) is a heparin-like marine drug, which was originally approved to treat cardiovascular disease in China.

Quantitative predictive model for screening optimal processing methods of rhizoma.

rhizoma (Huangjing in Chinese) is a common clinical tonic with the traditional effects of tonifying Qi, nourishing Yin. However, the lack of precise control of processing parameters has led to the uneven quality of processed Huangjing. A prediction model using the CRITIC method optimizes processing by correlating method, component contents, and biological activity, ensuring consistent quality and efficacy.

TFEB activator tanshinone IIA and derivatives derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. Attenuate hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. (SMB) is an herbal medicine extensively used for improving metabolic disorders, including Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the potential material basis and working mechanism still remained to be elucidated.

[Critical Review on Heavy Metal Contamination in Urban Soil and Surface Dust].

With the rapid urbanization and industrialization, heavy metal contamination in urban soil and surface dust has received particular attention due to its negative effects on the eco-environment and human health. Contamination and spatio-temporal characteristics, contamination sources, and source apportionment methods, as well as the ecological and health risks of heavy metals in urban soil and surface dust were reviewed. The knowledge gaps in current research and prospects of future works were proposed.

Unlocking the Potential of Microwave Sterilization Technology in Ready-to-Eat Imitation Crab Meat Production.

Microwave sterilization is a novel potential sterilization technology to improve food quality. An industrial microwave sterilization system was used to sterilize imitation crab meat under thermal processing intensity F = 1, 2, 3. The characteristics of the microwave process, such as heating rate, processing time, and C, were calculated.

The serum lipidomics reveal the action mechanism of Danggui-Yimucao herbal pair in abortion mice.

Medical abortion is a common medical procedure that women choose to terminate an unwanted pregnancy, but it often brings post-abortion complications. Danggui (Angelica sinensis Radix)-Yimucao (Leonuri Herba), as a herbal pair (DY) in clinical prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine, is often used in the treatment of gynecological diseases and has the traditional functions of tonifying the blood, promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis and regulating menstruation. In this study, serum lipidomics were adopted to dissect the mechanism of DY in promoting recovery after medical abortion.

Design, synthesis and anti-tumor evaluation of plinabulin derivatives as potential agents targeting β-tubulin.

Plinabulin is a promising microtubule destabilizing agent in phase 3 clinical stage for treating non-small cell lung cancer. However, the high toxicity and the poor water solubility of plinabulin limited its use and more plinabulin derivatives need to be explored. Here, two series of 29 plinabulin derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their anti-tumor effect against three types of cancer cell lines.

Preliminary exploration of method for screening efficacy markers compatibility in TCM prescriptions based on Q-markers: Anti-inflammatory activity of Dachaihu decoction as an example.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Dachaihu Decoction (DD), a classic Chinese herbal prescription, is composed of radix of Bupleurum chinense DC. (Chaihu), radix of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (Huangqin), radix of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. (Baishao), rhizoma of Pinellia ternata (Thunb.

Effects of cooling rates during depuration on the quality of Pacific oysters () at anhydrous preservation stage.

The Pacific oyster could be affected by several pressure sources during cold chain logistics, which reduce the quality of oyster, and even improve its mortality. For improving the quality of oyster, the effects of depuration process at different cooling rates (1, 3, 7, 11 and 16 °C/h) on selected Pacific oyster were studied. The results indicated that extreme fluctuations in the depuration temperatures could affect the survival rates and qualities of oysters.

Concomitant oxidation of fatty acids other than DHA and EPA plays a role in the characteristic off-odor of fish oil.

The aim of the present research was to explore the development of off-odors in fish oil from the perspective of fatty acid oxidation. It was found that the off-odors elicited by the two major ω-3 PUFAs in fish oil, i.e.

A chemometric study on the identification of 5-methylfurfural and 2-acetylfuran as particular volatile compounds of oxidized fish oil based on SHS-GC-IMS.

Fish oil develops particular off-odors, mainly fishy odor, from the oxidation of its characteristic fatty acids, docosahexaenoic (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA). Anchovy oil (AO) was taken as representative of fish oils. This was compared to three vegetable oils with different fatty acid compositions, i.

Cytotoxic and Antibacterial Isomalabaricane Terpenoids from the Sponge .

Nine new isomalabaricane terpenoids (-) were isolated from the sponge of Ximao Island, together with 13 known ones (-). The structures were established by spectroscopic data interpretation and chemical calculations, as well as by comparison with spectroscopic data of known compounds. Notably, of the new isolates, hainanstelletin A () is the first representative of a nitrogenous isomalabaricane.

Danggui-Yimucao Herb Pair Can Protect Mice From the Immune Imbalance Caused by Medical Abortion and Stabilize the Level of Serum Metabolites.

Unintended pregnancy is a situation that every woman may encounter, and medical abortion is the first choice for women, but abortion often brings many sequelae. Radix (Danggui) and Herba (Yimucao) are widely used in the treatment of gynecological diseases, which can regulate menstrual disorders, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, and promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis, but the mechanism for the treatment of abortion is not clear. We determined the ability of Danggui and Yimucao herb pair (DY) to regulate the Th1/Th2 paradigm by detecting the level of progesterone in the serum and the expression of T-bet and GATA-3 in the spleen and uterus.

Network pharmacology-based study on immunomodulatory mechanism of danggui-yimucao herb pair for the treatment of RU486-induced abortion.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The Danggui-Yimucao herb pair (DY) is a classic combination in Chinese herbal formulas, consisting of the root of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels and the aerial parts of Leonurus japonicus Houtt. DY first appeared in "Zhulinsi fuke mifang" in the Jin Dynasty, and it has a long history as a drug for the treatment of abortion.