Effect of cerebral embolic protection device on new cerebral embolism during transcatheter aortic valve replacement: A prospective sentinel registry.

Background: Cerebral embolization is a common complication following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Cerebral embolic protection (CEP) devices have the potential to reduce embolic burden to the cerebral circulation; however, their effectiveness in real-world patients at high risk of stroke remains insufficiently studied.

Methods: As part of imaging study of the prospective Sentinel registry (NCT05217888), we evaluated the effect of CEP on new cerebral embolism as determined by brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients undergoing transfemoral TAVR who were considered at high risk for stroke.

Horizontal gaze-evoked nystagmus in pontine gaze palsy: patterns and anatomical correlates.

Background: To delineate the patterns and anatomical correlates of gaze-evoked nystagmus (GEN) in horizontal gaze palsy due to dorsal pontine lesions.

Methods: A total of 17 patients with horizontal gaze palsy and unilateral dorsal pontine lesions were retrospectively recruited from referral-based six university hospitals in Korea. The clinical characteristics, oculographic data, and MRI lesions of the patients were subjected to analysis.

Micrometer-scale indirect photopatterning of RGB OLED emissive layers in single phase network structure.

Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) used in virtual and augmented reality displays require micrometer-scale red-green-blue (RGB) pixel patterns in the emissive layer (EML). However, conventional patterning methods based on evaporation and shadow masks can only produce patterns larger than tens of micrometers owing to the geometric constraint of the mask. Herein, an indirect method for photopatterning solution-processed OLED EMLs is proposed, which can be used to form micrometer-scale RGB pixel patterns without involving direct exposure to UV radiation or harsh etching processes on EMLs.

Atrial Fibrillation Risk in Relation to the Clinical Staging of Gastric Cancer: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study.

Background/objectives: Patients with gastric cancer (GC) have an elevated risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) and cardiovascular mortality, compared with the general population. However, the effect of the cancer stage on the development of AF remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the risk of AF and GC stage based on the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) stage classifications.

Homozygous CAG Repeat Expansion in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 6: Longitudinal Analysis of Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex Findings.

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 6 (SCA6) homozygotes are known to have an earlier onset and faster disease progression than heterozygotes. Although several studies have reported more severe clinical manifestations in SCA6 homozygotes, longitudinal, quantitative assessments remain lacking. A 55-year-old female presented with intermittent positional dizziness/vertigo and gradually progressive gait disturbance.

Evaluation of three fish-derived probiotic bacteria replacing antibiotics on growth, immunity, gut morphology and disease resistance in juvenile olive flounder fed reduced fish meal diets.

A basal diet without feed additives was used as a control (CON) and three diets were formulated by supplementing with WB60 at 1 × 10 CFU/g (Pro-A), SJ10 at 1 × 10 CFU/g (Pro-B), SH30 at 1 × 10 CFU/g (Pro-C), and two other diets supplementing with antibiotics such as amoxicillin (AMO) at 4 g/kg and oxytetracycline (OTC) at 4 g/kg of the basal diet. A total of 450 fish averaging 12.1 ± 0.

Application of artificial intelligence in the detection of Borrmann type 4 advanced gastric cancer in upper endoscopy (with video).

Background: Borrmann type-4 (B-4) advanced gastric cancer is challenging to diagnose through routine endoscopy, leading to a poor prognosis. The objective of this study was to develop an artificial intelligence (AI)-based system capable of detecting B-4 gastric cancers using upper endoscopy.

Methods: Endoscopic images from 259 patients who were diagnosed with B-4 gastric cancer and 595 controls who had benign conditions were retrospectively collected from Seoul National University Hospital for training and testing.

Selenium induces mercury isotope fractionation and detoxification in marine fish.

Prey fish are vital in transferring nutrients and contaminants from lower to higher trophic levels. Although the role of selenium (Se) on mercury (Hg) detoxification has been identified in marine mammals and seabirds, the metabolic pathways of Hg-Se interaction in fish remain unknown. We used Hg stable isotopes (δ202Hg, Δ199Hg) to characterize the internal dynamics of methylmercury (MeHg) and inorganic Hg (IHg) in the presence and absence of Se in juvenile olive flounders (Paralichthys olivaceus).

Heat-Assisted Direct Photopatterning of Small-Molecule OLED Emitters at the Micrometer Scale.

A crucial step in fabricating full-color organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays is patterning the emissive layer (EML). Traditional methods utilize thermal evaporation through metal masks. However, this limits the achievable resolution required for emerging microdisplay technologies.

Growth, Nutrient Deposition, Plasma Metabolites, and Innate Immunity Are Associated with Feeding Rate in Juvenile Starry Flounder ().

A 10-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of different feeding rates on growth performance, nutrient deposition, plasma metabolite, and immunity of juvenile starry flounder. Fish (initial mean body weight, 183.6 ± 2.

Crystal Engineering Under Residual Solvent Evaporation: A Journey Into Crystallization Chronicles of Soluble Acenes.

In the pursuit of achieving high-performance and high-throughput organic transistors, this study highlights two critical aspects: designing new soluble acenes and optimizing their solution processing. A fundamental understanding of the crystallization mechanism inherent to these customized soluble acenes, as they undergo a transformation during the evaporation of residual solvent, is deemed essential. Here, the pathway to crafting ideal solution processing conditions is elucidated, meticulously tailored to the molecular structure of soluble acenes when blended with polymers.

Evaluation of Gamma Aminobutyric Acid and Sodium Butyrate in Juvenile Red Seabream () Diets Containing Graded Levels of Fish Meal and Soy Protein Concentrate.

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the supplementary effects of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) and sodium butyrate (SB) when a graded level of fish meal (FM) was replaced with soy protein concentrate (SPC) in diets for juvenile red seabream (). A control diet was designed to contain 60% FM (F60). Two other diets were formulated by reducing FM levels to 40% and 20% with SPC (F40 and F20).

Clinical outcomes of ablation of gastric dysplasia with argon plasma coagulation.

Background: Although several small cohort studies have shown the utility of argon plasma coagulation (APC) in the treatment of gastric dysplasia, its clinical significance has not been established. This study aims to assess the efficacy of APC as a first line treatment for gastric dysplasia, and identify risk factors for residual dysplasia.

Methods: A total of 179 cases of gastric dysplasia were treated with APC and have been followed-up with upper endoscopy within 1 year.

An artificial intelligence system for comprehensive pathologic outcome prediction in early gastric cancer through endoscopic image analysis (with video).

Background: Accurate prediction of pathologic results for early gastric cancer (EGC) based on endoscopic findings is essential in deciding between endoscopic and surgical resection. This study aimed to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) model to assess comprehensive pathologic characteristics of EGC using white-light endoscopic images and videos.

Methods: To train the model, we retrospectively collected 4,336 images and prospectively included 153 videos from patients with EGC who underwent endoscopic or surgical resection.

Effects of Low-Lipid Diets on Growth, Haematology, Histology and Immune Responses of Parr-Stage Atlantic Salmon ().

Lipids in fish diets provide energy and play important roles in immunity and metabolism. Atlantic salmon, a species that migrates from freshwater to seawater, requires high energy, especially during smoltification. Juvenile teleosts have low lipid requirements, and a high dietary lipid content is known to have negative effects on their growth and digestion.

Modeling of Learning Processes Using Continuous-Time Markov Chain for Virtual-Reality-Based Surgical Training in Laparoscopic Surgery.

Recent usage of Virtual Reality (VR) technology in surgical training has emerged because of its cost-effectiveness, time savings, and cognition-based feedback generation. However, the quantitative evaluation of its effectiveness in training is still not studied thoroughly. This paper demonstrates the effectiveness of a VR-based surgical training simulator in laparoscopic surgery and investigates how stochastic modeling represented as Continuous-time Markov-chain (CTMC) can be used to explicit the training status of the surgeon.

Risk Assessment of Metachronous Gastric Neoplasm after Endoscopic Resection for Early Gastric Cancer According to Age at Eradication.

Background/aims: eradication can reduce the incidence of metachronous gastric neoplasm (MGN) after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for early gastric cancer (EGC). This study evaluated the risk of developing MGN after ESD for EGC based on age at eradication.

Methods: Data of patients who underwent curative ESD for EGC with infection between 2005 and 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.

Extending the Operational Lifetime of Electrochemiluminescence Devices by Installing a Floating Bipolar Electrode.

Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) holds significant promise for the development of cost-effective light-emitting devices because of its simple structure. However, conventional ECL devices (ECLDs) have a major limitation of short operational lifetimes, rendering them impractical for real-world applications. Typically, the luminescence of these devices lasts no longer than a few minutes during operation.

- and -type InAs nanocrystals with innately controlled semiconductor polarity.

InAs semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) exhibit intriguing electrical/optoelectronic properties suitable for next-generation electronic devices. Although there is a need for both - and -type semiconductors in such devices, InAs NCs typically exhibit only -type characteristics. Here, we report InAs NCs with controlled semiconductor polarity.

Network of Inorganic Nanocrystals Can Swell: Study of Swelling-Induced Surface Instability.

A unique organic-inorganic hybrid network composed of inorganic nanocores (ranging from semiconductors to metallic ones) interconnected through organic molecules can be produced by crosslinking the organic ligands of colloidal inorganic nanocrystals in assemblies. This work reports that this network, which is conventionally considered an inorganic film, can swell when exposed to a solvent because of the interaction between the solvent and the organic linkage within the network. Intriguingly, this work discovers that drying the solvent of the swollen organic-inorganic hybrid network can significantly affect the morphology owing to the swelling-induced compress stress, which is widely observed in various organic network systems.