Demineralized Dentin Matrix Incorporated with rhBMP-2 Composite Graft for Treating Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw.

Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MRONJ) is characterized by bone exposure in the oral and maxillofacial region for more than eight weeks in patients treated with anti-resorptive agents, immunosuppressants, or anti-angiogenic agents, without prior radiation therapy or metastatic disease to the jaws. Conservative treatments can control infection in mild cases, but surgical intervention is necessary for patients with severe symptoms. A 78-year-old female with a history of bisphosphonate treatment for osteoporosis presented with persistent pain, swelling, and malodor following implant placement in the upper right maxilla.

Molecular Characterization of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in Korea from 2018 to 2022.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is an endemic disease in the Republic of Korea. Surveillance of PRRS virus (PRRSV) types is critical to tailor control measures. This study collected 5062 serum and tissue samples between 2018 and 2022.

Quercetin inhibits body weight gain and adipogenesis via matrix metalloproteinases in mice fed a high-fat diet.

Background/objectives: Limited studies reported that quercetin inhibited adipogenesis and neovascularization by inhibiting matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) activity, but such mechanisms have not been elucidated in animal experiments. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of quercetin on weight gain and adipose tissue growth through the regulation of mRNA expressions of adipogenic transcription factors and MMPs in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD).

Materials/methods: Five-wk-old C57BL/6J mice were fed a normal diet (ND), HFD, HFD containing 0.

Evaluation and Determination of a Suitable Passage Number of Codon Pair Deoptimized PRRSV-1 Vaccine Candidate in Pigs.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is major economic problem given its effects on swine health and productivity. Therefore, we evaluated the genetic stability of a codon pair de-optimized (CPD) PRRSV, E38-ORF7 CPD, as well as the master seed passage threshold that elicited an effective immune response in pigs against heterologous virus challenge. The genetic stability and immune response of every 10th passage (out of 40) of E38-ORF7 CPD was analyzed through whole genome sequencing and inoculation in 3-week-old pigs.

Codon Pair Deoptimization (CPD)-Attenuated PRRSV-1 Vaccination Exhibit Immunity to Virulent PRRSV Challenge in Pigs.

Commercially used porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome (PRRS) modified live virus (MLV) vaccines provide limited protection with heterologous viruses, can revert back to a virulent form and they tend to recombine with circulating wild-type strains. Codon pair deoptimization (CPD) is an advanced method to attenuate a virus that overcomes the disadvantages of MLV vaccines and is effective in various virus vaccine models. The CPD vaccine against PRRSV-2 was successfully tested in our previous study.

Diminished Neuronal ESCRT-0 Function Exacerbates AMPA Receptor Derangement and Accelerates Prion-Induced Neurodegeneration.

Endolysosomal defects in neurons are central to the pathogenesis of prion and other neurodegenerative disorders. In prion disease, prion oligomers traffic through the multivesicular body (MVB) and are routed for degradation in lysosomes or for release in exosomes, yet how prions impact proteostatic pathways is unclear. We found that prion-affected human and mouse brain showed a marked reduction in Hrs and STAM1 (ESCRT-0), which route ubiquitinated membrane proteins from early endosomes into MVBs.

Acute kidney injury in bortezomib-treated patients with multiple myeloma.

Background: The nephrotoxicity of bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor, has not yet been elucidated, although tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) associated with multiple myeloma (MM) has been reported to increase after introduction of the drug. This study compared the incidence and risk factors for acute kidney injury (AKI) and TLS in patients with MM after bortezomib-based chemotherapy to investigate drug-related nephrotoxicity.

Methods: From 2006 to 2017, 276 patients who underwent a first cycle of bortezomib-based chemotherapy for MM were identified in a single tertiary hospital.

The Mediating Effect of Childcare Teachers' Resilience on the Relationship between Social Support in the Workplace and Their Self-Care.

(1) Background: The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between social support in the workplace for childcare teachers, resilience, and self-care. This study explores the inner mechanism that helps to strengthen self-care of childcare teachers, which enables teachers to provide quality care to children and promote their own wellbeing. (2) Methods: The survey was conducted from September to October 2018 for childcare teachers in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province using convenience sampling.

Early decongestive therapy versus high-flow nasal cannula for the prevention of adverse clinical events in patients with acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema.

Background: Few studies have investigated the role of decongestive therapy and high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) in preventing reintubation and in-hospital mortality in patients with acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema (ACPE).

Methods: Data from patients with ACPE who were weaned from mechanical ventilation in the cardiac intensive care unit between January 2013 and December 2017 were retrospectively evaluated. All patients were treated with HFNC or conventional oxygen therapy (COT), such as a nasal cannula or venturi mask, immediately after extubation.

Asymmetric Synthesis of γ-Hydroxy Pinacolboronates through Copper-Catalyzed Enantioselective Hydroboration of α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes.

We report a copper-catalyzed enantioselective hydroboration of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes with pinacolborane. α,β-Unsaturated aldehydes were converted to the corresponding γ-pinacolboronate alcohols in good yields and enantioselectivities through consecutive hydroboration of the C═O and C═C bonds. This process provides simple access to the hydroborated product of allylic alcohols, and the resulting γ-pinacolboronate alcohols could be utilized in various transformations.

Copper-Catalyzed Enantioselective Hydroboration of Unactivated 1,1-Disubstituted Alkenes.

We report an efficient and highly enantioselective hydroboration of aliphatic 1,1-disubstituted alkenes with pinacolborane using a phosphine-Cu catalyst. The method allows facile preparation of enantiomerically enriched β-chiral alkyl pinacolboronates from a range of 1,1-disubstituted alkenes with high enantioselectivity up to 99% ee. Unprecedented enantiodiscrimination between the geminal alkyl substituents was observed with functional group compatibility in the hydroboration.

Improved Drain Current Saturation and Voltage Gain in Graphene-on-Silicon Field Effect Transistors.

Graphene devices for radio frequency (RF) applications are of great interest due to their excellent carrier mobility and saturation velocity. However, the insufficient current saturation in graphene field effect transistors (FETs) is a barrier preventing enhancements of the maximum oscillation frequency and voltage gain, both of which should be improved for RF transistors. Achieving a high output resistance is therefore a crucial step for graphene to be utilized in RF applications.

De novo hepatitis B virus infection after pediatric liver transplantations with hepatitis B core antibody-positive donors: a single-center 20-yr experience.

DNHB is common in countries with high prevalence of hepatitis B, and therefore, contracting hepatitis B after LT with HBcAb(+) grafts is a major concern. We studied DNHB in 247 children (aged <18 yr) who underwent LT from 1994 to 2013. Sixty-six of 247 recipients received HBcAb(+) donor grafts.

Nutritional status and growth in Korean children with Crohn's disease: a single-center study.

Background/aims: Malnutrition and growth retardation are important issues in treating pediatric Crohn's disease (CD). Thus, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of various nutritional and growth parameters at the time of diagnosis in Korean children with CD.

Methods: Seventy-one children (<18 years) were enrolled.

Improved outcomes in liver transplantation in children with acute liver failure.

Objective: The aim of our study was to review the experiences of a living donor-dominant transplantation program for children with acute liver failure (ALF).

Methods: Data were derived from the retrospective chart review of 50 children with ALF in a major liver center in the Republic of Korea.

Results: A total of 50 children with ALF underwent 47 (94%) primary living donor liver transplantations and 3 (6%) cadaveric liver transplantations.

Liver transplantation in a child with acute liver failure resulting from drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome.

Drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome is characterized by a severe idiosyncratic reaction including rash and fever, often with associated hepatitis, arthralgias, lymph node enlargement, or hematologic abnormalities. The mortality rate is approximately 10%, primarily owing to liver failure with massive or multiple disseminated focal necrosis. Here, we report a case of a 14-year-old girl treated with vancomycin because of a wound infection by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, who presented with non-specific symptoms, which progressed to acute liver failure, displaying the hallmarks of DRESS syndrome.

Graphene gate electrode for MOS structure-based electronic devices.

We demonstrate that the use of a monolayer graphene as a gate electrode on top of a high-κ gate dielectric eliminates mechanical-stress-induced-gate dielectric degradation, resulting in a quantum leap of gate dielectric reliability. The high work function of hole-doped graphene also helps reduce the quantum mechanical tunneling current from the gate electrode. This concept is applied to nonvolatile Flash memory devices, whose performance is critically affected by the quality of the gate dielectric.

A case of anemia caused by combined vitamin B12 and iron deficiency manifesting as short stature and delayed puberty.

Anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency resulting from inadequate dietary intake is rare in children in the modern era because of improvements in nutritional status. However, such anemia can be caused by decreased ingestion or impaired absorption and/or utilization of vitamin B12. We report the case of an 18-year-old man with short stature, prepubertal sexual maturation, exertional dyspnea, and severe anemia with a hemoglobin level of 3.

Characteristics and trends in the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease in Korean children: a single-center experience.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is rare in Asian children and few reports on pediatric IBD have appeared.

Aims: We, therefore, investigated the incidence trends and clinical characteristics of pediatric IBD in Korea.

Methods: We enrolled 48 children with Crohn's disease (CD) and 14 children with ulcerative colitis (UC) from 1996 to 2007.