Levelized Electrode Utilization of Silicon-Enriched Pouch-Type Lithium-Ion Batteries from External Stress-Induced Overpotential Modulation.

The sectional utilization of the Si negative electrode resulted from the appropriate physical treatment of the pouch cell based on the distribution of electrical resistance. Active materials loaded near the tab have low electrical resistance, leading to a higher degree of lithiation in the Si near the tab. This localized utilization in large pouch cells causes significant polarization growth of the electrode due to mechanical and interphasial degradation.

Xiapyrroles A-F: -Alkylpyrrole Alkaloids from the Marine-Derived Actinomycete 1310KO-148.

Six new -alkylpyrrole alkaloids (-) were isolated from the marine-derived actinomycete 1310KO-148 from a sponge sample. The structures of xiapyrroles A-F (-) were elucidated by detailed analysis of extensive spectroscopic data, including 1D, 2D NMR, and HRESIMS data. The absolute configurations of , , , and were determined by a comparison of their calculated and experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra.

Geliboluols A-D: Kaurane-Type Diterpenoids from the Marine-Derived Rare Actinomycete .

Four new kaurane-type diterpenoids, geliboluols A-D (-), along with one known analog (), were isolated from the culture broth of the marine-derived rare actinomycete . The structures of compounds - were determined by spectroscopic analysis (HR-ESIMS, 1D, and 2D NMR), the MPA method, and by comparing their optical rotation values with those in the literature. The new compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against seven blood cancer cell lines by a CellTiter-Glo (CTG) assay and six solid cancer cell lines by a sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay.

Epidemiology, timing, technique, and outcomes of tracheostomy in patients with trauma: a multi-centre retrospective study.

Background: Tracheostomy is performed in patients with trauma who need prolonged ventilation for respiratory failure or airway management. Although it has benefits, such as reduced sedation and easier care, it also has risks. This study explored the unclear timing, technique, and patient selection criteria for tracheostomy in patients with trauma.

Underlying Mechanism of Electrolyte Compositional Engineering Based on Additive Solvation-Structure Governing Solid Electrolyte Interphase Formation in Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Substantial efforts are dedicated to optimizing the additive dosage in the electrolyte and studying its effect on solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation in Li-ion batteries (LIBs). This study reveals that the decomposition characteristics of the additive based on its lithium-ion solvation nature significantly contribute to controlling SEI formation. During SEI formation, the strong lithium-ion solvating additive spontaneously migrates to the negative electrode due to negative charge accumulation on the surface, and SEI reinforcement is feasible by increasing the additive dosage.

Comparison of Conventional versus Modified Preperitoneal Pelvic Packing in Patients with Bleeding Pelvic Fractures: A Single-Center Retrospective Pilot Study.

: Bleeding pelvic fractures have high mortality rates, primarily due to severe hemorrhage. Treatment options include mechanical stabilization based on preperitoneal pelvic packing (PPP), resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta, and angioembolization (AE). The bilateral preperitoneal approach, which uses three pads on each side, is the conventional PPP method.

Labdane-Type Diterpenoids from and Their Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities.

Chemical investigation of the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extract from a marine-derived actinomycete, , resulted in the discovery of five new labdane-type diterpenoids: chlorolabdans A-C (-), epoxylabdans A and B ( and ), along with one known analog (). The structures of the new compounds were determined by spectroscopic analysis (HR-ESIMS, 1D, and 2D NMR) and by comparing their experimental data with those in the literature. The new compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity, and displayed significant activity against Gram-positive bacteria, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 4 to 8 µg/mL.

Meirols A-C: Bioactive Catecholic Compounds from the Marine-Derived Fungus sp. 1210CH-42.

Three new catecholic compounds, named meirols A-C (-), and one known analog, argovin (), were isolated from the marine-derived fungus sp. 1210CH-42. Their structures were determined by extensive analysis of 1D, 2D NMR, and HR-ESIMS spectroscopic data.

Streptinone, a New Indanone Derivative from a Marine-Derived Inhibits Particulate Matter-Induced Inflammation.

Inflammatory diseases caused by air pollution, especially from particulate matter (PM) exposure, have increased daily. Accordingly, attention to treatment or prevention for these inflammatory diseases has grown. Natural products have been recognized as promising sources of cures and prevention for not only inflammatory but also diverse illnesses.

Endovascular Reperfusion Therapy in Minor Stroke with Neurologic Deterioration beyond 24 Hours from Onset.

Purpose: Patients with minor stroke (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score ≤5) and large vessel occlusion (LVO) often experience neurological deterioration >24 hours after onset. However, the efficacy of endovascular reperfusion therapy in these patients remains unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy and safety of reperfusion therapy in patients with minor stroke and neurological deterioration >24 hours after onset.

Rescue Endovascular Treatment to Prevent Neurological Deterioration in Acute Symptomatic Bilateral Vertebral Artery Occlusion.

Bilateral vertebral artery occlusive disease has been considered as a favorable condition with good collaterals. However, the prognosis of acute ischemic stroke secondary to symptomatic bilateral vertebral artery occlusion (BVAO) and endovascular treatment (EVT) has rarely been reported. We retrospectively selected patients with acute ischemic stroke admitted for symptomatic BVAO between January 2020 and February 2023.

A Field Efficacy Trial of Recombinant Porcine Circovirus Type 2d Vaccine in Three Herds.

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a virus-like particle (VLP) vaccine containing the open reading frame 2 of porcine circovirus type 2d (PCV2d) in a farm environment where natural infections associated with porcine circovirus-associated disease are endemic. The vaccine trial was conducted on three farms (H, M, and Y) with a history of infections including porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), PCV, , and . Farm H, as well as farms M and Y, experienced natural PCV2 infection between 4 and 8 weeks post-vaccination (wpv), and 8 and 12 wpv, respectively.

Selection and Evaluation of (PCV) 2d Vaccine Strains to Protect against Currently Prevalent PCV2.

(PCV) 2d is a common genotype in South Korea, and the cross-protective ability of PCV2a-based vaccines has been reported recently. In this study, a PCV2d vaccine candidate was selected, and its protective efficacy against the PCV2d isolate was evaluated. From 2016 to 2020, 234 PCV2d isolates were phylogenetically analyzed using open reading frame 2 (ORF2) sequences and classified into four subgroups: PCV2d-1, PCV2d-2, PCV2d-3, and PCV2d-4.

Liver Transplant After Severe Liver Trauma: The First Report in a Korean Adult.

Following a motor-vehicle accident, a 57-year-old man was diagnosed with a grade 4 liver injury (American Association for the Surgery of Trauma organ injury scale) with multiple contrast extravasations. He initially underwent nonoperative management, which included transcatheter arterial embolization. However, he experienced a hemorrhage after the first embo-lization procedure, and so the procedure was repeated.

Molecular Characterization of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in Korea from 2018 to 2022.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is an endemic disease in the Republic of Korea. Surveillance of PRRS virus (PRRSV) types is critical to tailor control measures. This study collected 5062 serum and tissue samples between 2018 and 2022.

Evaluation and Determination of a Suitable Passage Number of Codon Pair Deoptimized PRRSV-1 Vaccine Candidate in Pigs.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is major economic problem given its effects on swine health and productivity. Therefore, we evaluated the genetic stability of a codon pair de-optimized (CPD) PRRSV, E38-ORF7 CPD, as well as the master seed passage threshold that elicited an effective immune response in pigs against heterologous virus challenge. The genetic stability and immune response of every 10th passage (out of 40) of E38-ORF7 CPD was analyzed through whole genome sequencing and inoculation in 3-week-old pigs.

Codon Pair Deoptimization (CPD)-Attenuated PRRSV-1 Vaccination Exhibit Immunity to Virulent PRRSV Challenge in Pigs.

Commercially used porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome (PRRS) modified live virus (MLV) vaccines provide limited protection with heterologous viruses, can revert back to a virulent form and they tend to recombine with circulating wild-type strains. Codon pair deoptimization (CPD) is an advanced method to attenuate a virus that overcomes the disadvantages of MLV vaccines and is effective in various virus vaccine models. The CPD vaccine against PRRSV-2 was successfully tested in our previous study.

Thiolactones and Δ-Pregnene Steroids from the Marine-Derived Fungus sp. 1210CH-42 and Their -Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity.

The fungal genus was first reported in 2003 and has mostly been found on land. This is the first report of second metabolites from the marine-derived yeast-like fungus sp. One new thiolactone (), along with one revised thiolactone (), two new Δ-steroids (, ), and one known Δ-steroid (), were isolated from the sp.

Application of codon pair deoptimization for ORF7-induced attenuation of type I porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus without reduced immune responses.

Codon pair deoptimization (CPD) attenuated type I porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). Infectious clones covering the full genome of a Korean type I PRRSV (E38) were synthesized, and CPD induced nine synonymous mutants of NSP1 (n = 1) and ORF7 (n = 8). In a trial to rescue live viruses from infectious clones, only four clones with mutations at nt 177 downstream of ORF7 were rescued, which showed a substantial decrease in cellular replication ability.

Impact of UV-C Irradiation on Bacterial Disinfection in a Drinking Water Purification System.

The supply of microbiological risk-free water is essential to keep food safety and public hygiene. And removal, inactivation, and destruction of microorganisms in drinking water are key for ensuring safety in the food industry. Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) irradiation is an attractive method for efficient disinfection of water without generating toxicity and adversely affecting human health.

Implementation of a massive transfusion protocol: A single trauma center experience from South Korea.

Background: Massive transfusion (MT) is traditionally defined as transfusion of more than 10 units of red blood cells (RBCs) within the first 24 h after admission. The aim of this study is to analyze the trend of MT in regional trauma center including ratio of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and packed RBC.

Methods: Retrospective data were driven from 2014 to 2016.

Successful management of a common carotid artery injury using a Pruitt-F3 Carotid Shunt: a case report.

Penetrating neck injuries are a surgical challenge. In particular, penetrating neck injuries associated with carotid artery injuries have a high mortality rate. Overt external hemorrhage is unanimously considered as an indication for surgical exploration.