Effect of Sarcopenia on the Outcomes of Radiofrequency Ablation of Medial Branch Nerves for Lumbar Facet Arthropathy in Patients Aged 60 Years and Older: A Retrospective Analysis.

: Sarcopenia is defined by the progressive loss of muscle mass, strength, and/or physical performance associated with aging. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of the medial branch nerves is a well-established and effective treatment for lumbar facetogenic pain. While sarcopenia is associated with poor outcomes following epidural steroid injections and lumbar spine surgeries, its impact on clinical outcomes in patients undergoing RFA for facetogenic pain remains unexplored.

Reviewing the complex relationship between circadian rhythms and cluster headache.

Cluster headache attacks display uniquely rhythmic patterns in their manifestations. Multiple international studies have shown circadian and even circannual timing of attacks, although we do not yet fully understand the effects of culture, sleep, chronotype, seasonal changes, temperature or inter-individual changes over time. Multiple cluster headache treatments alter the core circadian oscillator, although they affect the oscillator differently and are not well understood.

Effect of Perineural Dexamethasone as an Adjuvant to Ropivacaine in Rectus Sheath Block for Radical Cystectomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

: Radical cystectomy performed via midline laparotomy is associated with substantial postoperative pain, frequently necessitating a high opioid consumption, which may impair immune function and delay recovery. The rectus sheath block (RSB) is widely used as part of multimodal analgesia to enhance postoperative pain control; however, the duration of analgesia is limited when using single-injection techniques. Dexamethasone has increasingly been used as a perineural adjuvant to prolong the effects of peripheral nerve blocks and enhance analgesia.

Alternative Polyadenylation Contributes to Fibroblast Senescence in Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a prevalent and deadly age-related disease characterized by chronic, progressive, and irreversible fibrosis. A key effector cell population in the fibroproliferative response is the fibroblasts. Fibroblast cell senescence gradually worsens during aging, and the acquisition of a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) turns senescent fibroblasts into pro-inflammatory cells.

Exploration of the interaction between remote ischemic preconditioning and anesthetic-induced preconditioning using sevoflurane in isolated perfused rabbit heart.

Remote ischemic preconditioning (rIPC) is a novel technique in which brief episodes of ischemia and reperfusion in one organ confer protection against prolonged ischemia in a distant organ. In contrast, anesthetic-induced preconditioning (APC) utilizes volatile anesthetics to protect multiple organs from ischemia-reperfusion injury. Both methods are easily integrated into various clinical scenarios for cardioprotection.

Ergotamine enhances circadian amplitude and diurnally mitigates nitroglycerin-induced mechanical hypersensitivity.

Background: Cluster headache and migraine have a circadian timing of attacks and are linked to the trigeminovascular system. Recently the trigeminal ganglion was found to have a strong circadian rhythm, with the serotonin 2A receptor identified as a clock-controlled gene. Ergotamine is an acute treatment for cluster headache and migraine, acts on the trigeminal ganglion, and is a serotonin 2A receptor agonist.

BMAL1-HIF2A heterodimer modulates circadian variations of myocardial injury.

Acute myocardial infarction is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Clinical studies have shown that the severity of cardiac injury after myocardial infarction exhibits a circadian pattern, with larger infarcts and poorer outcomes in patients experiencing morning-onset events. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these diurnal variations remain unclear.

CircaKB: a comprehensive knowledgebase of circadian genes across multiple species.

Circadian rhythms, which are the natural cycles that dictate various physiological processes over a 24-h period, have been increasingly recognized as important in the management and treatment of various human diseases. However, the lack of sufficient data and reliable analysis methods have been a major obstacle to understanding the bidirectional interaction between circadian variation and human health. We have developed CircaKB, a comprehensive knowledgebase of circadian genes across multiple species.

Unraveling the role of MiR-181 in skin fibrosis pathogenesis by targeting NUDT21.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a life-threatening autoimmune disease characterized by widespread fibrosis in the skin and several internal organs. Nudix Hydrolase 21 (NUDT2 or CFIm25) downregulation in fibroblasts is known to play detrimental roles in both skin and lung fibrosis. This study aims to investigate the upstream mechanisms that lead to NUDT21 repression in skin fibrosis.

Cell-specific regulation of the circadian clock by BMAL1 in the paraventricular nucleus: Implications for regulation of systemic biological rhythms.

Circadian rhythms are internal biological rhythms driving temporal tissue-specific, metabolic programs. Loss of the circadian transcription factor BMAL1 in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus reveals its importance in metabolic rhythms, but its functions in individual PVN cells are poorly understood. Here, loss of BMAL1 in the PVN results in arrhythmicity of processes controlling energy balance and alters peripheral diurnal gene expression.

Targeting IGF2 to reprogram the tumor microenvironment for enhanced viro-immunotherapy.

Background: The FDA approval of oncolytic herpes simplex-1 virus (oHSV) therapy underscores its therapeutic promise and safety as a cancer immunotherapy. Despite this promise, the current efficacy of oHSV is significantly limited to a small subset of patients largely due to the resistance in tumor and tumor microenvironment (TME).

Methods: RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was used to identify molecular targets of oHSV resistance.

OxyMask is not superior to a non-rebreathing oxygen mask for oxygen supply in a post-anesthesia care unit in Korea: a comparative study.

Objectives: OxyMask, a novel product, has recently been used to administer oxygen postoperatively to patients who have undergone general anesthesia. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of hypoxia in patients under general anesthesia upon arrival to the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) using arterial blood gas analysis, and to compare the effectiveness of OxyMask with a non-rebreathing oxygen mask for oxygen administration.

Methods: We retrospectively investigated anesthesia-related data from the electronic medical records of 460 patients treated from April to November 2021.

The BMAL1/HIF2A heterodimer modulates circadian variations of myocardial injury.

Acute myocardial infarction stands as a prominent cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Clinical studies have demonstrated that the severity of cardiac injury following myocardial infarction exhibits a circadian pattern, with larger infarct sizes and poorer outcomes in patients experiencing morning onset myocardial infarctions. However, the molecular mechanisms that govern circadian variations of myocardial injury remain unclear.

Efficacy of Supplemental Ultrasound-Guided Pericapsular Nerve Group (PENG) Block Combined with Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve Block in Patients Receiving Local Infiltration Analgesia after Hip Fracture Surgery: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial.

: Local infiltration analgesia (LIA) represents a potential approach to reducing pain in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA). The pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block also provides adequate analgesia for fractures and THA. As most hip surgeries use a lateral incision, affecting the cutaneous supply by branches of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN), the LFCN block can contribute to postoperative analgesia.

The Effect of Dexmedetomidine on the Mini-Cog Score and High-Mobility Group Box 1 Levels in Elderly Patients with Postoperative Neurocognitive Disorders Undergoing Orthopedic Surgery.

Dexmedetomidine prevents postoperative cognitive dysfunction by inhibiting high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), which acts as an inflammatory marker. This study investigated the HMGB1 levels and the cognitive function using a Mini-Cog© score in elderly patients undergoing orthopedic surgery with dexmedetomidine infusion. In total, 128 patients aged ≥ 65 years were analyzed.

Efficacy of scrambler therapy in patients with painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy: A single-arm, prospective, pilot study.

Background: A variety of medications are available to manage painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), but the proper treatment remains challenging. Accordingly, various neuromodulation modalities have been used. However, no prospective clinical trials have evaluated the use of scrambler therapy (ST) in painful DPN.

The Circadian Nobiletin-ROR Axis Suppresses Adipogenic Differentiation and IκBα/NF-κB Signaling in Adipocytes.

Obesity is a known risk factor for metabolic diseases and is often associated with chronic inflammation in adipose tissue. We previously identified the polyethoxylated flavonoid Nobiletin (NOB) as a circadian clock modulator that directly binds to and activates the ROR receptors in the core oscillator, markedly improving metabolic fitness in obese mice. Here, we show that NOB enhanced the oscillation of core clock genes in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes, including ROR target genes such as , , , and .

Circadian Features of Cluster Headache and Migraine: A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Genetic Analysis.

Background And Objectives: Cluster headache and migraine have circadian features at multiple levels (cellular, systems, and behavioral). A thorough understanding of their circadian features informs their pathophysiologies.

Methods: A librarian created search criteria in MEDLINE Ovid, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library.

The Polymethoxyflavone Sudachitin Modulates the Circadian Clock and Improves Liver Physiology.

Scope: Polymethoxylated flavones (PMFs) are a group of natural compounds known to display a wide array of beneficial effects to promote physiological fitness. Recent studies reveal circadian clocks as an important cellular mechanism mediating preventive efficacy of the major PMF Nobiletin against metabolic disorders. Sudachitin is a PMF enriched in Citrus sudachi, and its functions and mechanism of action are poorly understood.

The circadian E3 ligase FBXL21 regulates myoblast differentiation and sarcomere architecture via MYOZ1 ubiquitination and NFAT signaling.

Numerous molecular and physiological processes in the skeletal muscle undergo circadian time-dependent oscillations in accordance with daily activity/rest cycles. The circadian regulatory mechanisms underlying these cyclic processes, especially at the post-transcriptional level, are not well defined. Previously, we reported that the circadian E3 ligase FBXL21 mediates rhythmic degradation of the sarcomere protein TCAP in conjunction with GSK-3β, and Psttm mice harboring an Fbxl21 hypomorph allele show reduced muscle fiber diameter and impaired muscle function.

Circadian stabilization loop: the regulatory hub and therapeutic target promoting circadian resilience and physiological health.

The circadian clock is a fundamental biological mechanism that orchestrates essential cellular and physiological processes to optimize fitness and health. The basic functional unit is the cell-autonomous oscillator, consisting of intersecting negative feedback loops. Whereas the core loop is primarily responsible for rhythm generation, auxiliary loops, most notably the secondary or stabilization loop, play pivotal roles to confer temporal precision and molecular robustness.

Reliability of submaximal stimulation for the train-of-four test using acceleromyography and electromyography with individualized stimulation currents.

Purpose: The supramaximal stimulation (SMS) of the TOF test causes uncomfortable sensations in patients. We aimed to determine whether the submaximal stimulation would be reliable in TOF tests with reduced painful sensation.

Methods: The accelomyography (AMG) and electromyography (EMG) monitor was applied at each arm and general anesthesia was induced and maintained by total intravenous anesthesia.