Intracellular pyruvate as one of the major bioactive substances of lactic acid bacteria isolated from kimchi.

The present study aimed to identify the metabolites associated with the physiological activity of kimchi-derived lactic acid bacteria (LAB). A clear difference was observed between the 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging rates when the pyruvate content was high (273.5 ng/µL; radical removal speed 6.

Complete genome sequence of probiotic 7409N31 isolated from a healthy Hanwoo calf.

7409N31 was isolated from the feces of a healthy 11-day-old Hanwoo calf from a farm in Geochang-gun, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea. The genome of the strain was completely sequenced using the PacBio RSII sequencing system, and it was confirmed that it was composed of one circular chromosome. The size of the entire genome was 2,198,442 bp, and it had 35.

Monitoring mRNA Expression Patterns in Macrophages in Response to Two Different Strains of Probiotics.

As an initial study to elucidate the molecular mechanism of how probiotics modulate macrophage activity, we monitored mRNA expression patterns in peritoneal macrophages (PMs) treated with two different strains of probiotics. After treatment with either WIKIM28 or WIKIM50, total RNAs from PMs were isolated and subjected into gene chip analyses. As controls, mRNAs from vehicle (phosphate-buffered saline, PBS)-treated PMs were also subjected to gene chip analysis.

Fecal microbiome in dogs with lymphoid and nonlymphoid tumors.

Background: The association of gut microbiota with cancer etiology and prognosis has been demonstrated in humans and rodents but has not been studied in dogs with different types of tumors.

Hypothesis/objectives: To analyze microbiome composition according to tumor progression based on metastasis, recurrence, and therapeutic response in canine tumors.

Animals: Thirty-two client-owned dogs were divided into 3 groups: healthy (n = 9), with lymphoma (n = 12), with nonlymphoid tumors (n = 11).

Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains Used as Starters for Kimchi Fermentation Protect the Disruption of Tight Junctions in the Caco-2 Cell Monolayer Model.

In this study, we investigated the effect of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains used as starters for kimchi fermentation, namely WiKim0124, WiKim39, WiKim0121 WiKim33, and WiKim32, on the intestinal epithelial tight junctions (TJs). These LAB strains were not cytotoxic to Caco-2 cells at 500 μg/ml concentration. In addition, hydrogen peroxide (HO) decreased Caco-2 viability, but the LAB strains protected the cells against HO-induced cytotoxicity.

Kimchi intake alleviates obesity-induced neuroinflammation by modulating the gut-brain axis.

A high-fat diet (HFD) induces low-grade, chronic inflammation throughout the body including the hypothalamus, a key brain region involved in the control of satiety and energy expenditure in central nervous system (CNS). Kimchi is a traditional fermented Korean food, which is recognized as a healthy food. In this study, we evaluated its ability to suppress the obesity-induced inflammation in mice fed an HFD.

WIKIM31 Decelerates Weight Gain in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice by Modulating Lipid Metabolism and Suppressing Inflammation.

Obesity and related metabolic diseases are major problems worldwide. Some probiotics are currently considered potential therapeutic strategies for obesity. We aimed to investigate the antiobesity efficacy of WIKIM31 in obese mice induced by a high fat diet.

Lentibacillus cibarius sp. nov., isolated from kimchi, a Korean fermented food.

Two bacterial strains designated NKC220-2 and NKC851-2 were isolated from commercial kimchi from different areas in Korea. The strains were Gram-positive, aerobic, oxidaseand catalase-positive, rod-shaped, spore-forming, non-motile, and halophilic bacteria. Both strains grew without NaCl, unlike type species in the genus Lentibacillus.

Salicibibacter halophilus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from kimchi.

A Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, alkalitolerant, and halophilic bacterium-designated as strain NKC3-5-was isolated from kimchi that was collected from the Geumsan area in the Republic of Korea. Cells of isolated strain NKC3-5 were 0.5-0.

Mixture of Two Lactobacillus plantarum Strains Modulates the Gut Microbiota Structure and Regulatory T Cell Response in Diet-Induced Obese Mice.

Scope: The gut microbiota has been linked to diet-induced obesity, and microorganisms that influence obesity have important health implications. In this study, the anti-obesity effects of two Lactobacillus plantarum strains (DSR M2 and DSR 920) isolated from kimchi are investigated.

Methods And Results: Mice are fed a normal or high-fat diet with or without DSR M2 and DSR 920 (DSR, 1 × 10 CFU d ) for 12 weeks.

Salicibibacter kimchii gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic and alkalitolerant bacterium in the family Bacillaceae, isolated from kimchi.

A moderately halophilic and alkalitolerant bacterial strain NKC1-1 was isolated from commercial kimchi in Korea. Strain NKC1-1 was Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, rod-shaped, non-motile, and contained diaminopimelic acid-type murein. Cell growth was observed in a medium containing 0-25% (w/v) NaCl (optimal at 10% [w/v]), at 20-40°C (optimal at 37°C) and pH 6.

WIKIM30 Ameliorates Atopic Dermatitis-Like Skin Lesions by Inducing Regulatory T Cells and Altering Gut Microbiota Structure in Mice.

WIKIM30 is a Gram-positive facultative anaerobic bacterium isolated from kimchi, a Korean fermented vegetable food. In this study, we found that WIKIM30 promoted regulatory T cell (Treg) differentiation by inducing dendritic cells with tolerogenic properties. The production of the T helper (Th) 2-associated cytokine interleukin (IL)-4 was decreased, but that of the Treg-associated cytokine IL-10 was increased in splenocytes from ovalbumin-sensitized mice treated with WIKIM30.

PRMT1 mediates RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis and contributes to bone loss in ovariectomized mice.

Protein arginine methylation is a novel form of posttranslational modification mediated by protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMTs). PRMT1, a major isoform of the PRMT family, is responsible for various biological functions, including cellular differentiation. Although the important function that PRMT1 plays in various tissues is being increasingly recognized, its role in receptor activation of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis or osteoporosis has not yet been described.

Virgibacillus kimchii sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium isolated from kimchi.

A Gram-stain-positive, halophilic, rod-shaped, non-motile, spore forming bacterium, strain NKC1-2, was isolated from kimchi, a Korean fermented food. Comparative analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence demonstrated that the isolated strain was a species of the genus Virgibacillus. Strain NKC1-2 exhibited high level of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with the type strains of Virgibacillus xinjiangensis SL6-1 (96.

Safflower bud inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation and prevents bone loss in ovariectomized mice.

Background: The powder and extract of safflower seeds are known to be effective in the prevention of bone loss in ovariectomized animals. However, the inhibitory effect and molecular mechanisms of safflower bud (SB), the germinated safflower, on bone destruction is unclear.

Purpose: The present study was designed to investigate the inhibitory effect and molecular mechanism of SB on osteoclastic differentiation and on bone loss in ovarietomized (OVX) mice.

Weissella cibaria WIKIM28 ameliorates atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions by inducing tolerogenic dendritic cells and regulatory T cells in BALB/c mice.

The occurrence of atopic dermatitis (AD), a chronic inflammatory skin disease, has been increasing steadily in children and adults in recent decades. In this study, we evaluated the ability of the lactic acid bacterium Weissella cibaria WIKIM28 isolated from gatkimchi, a Korean fermented vegetable preparation made from mustard leaves, to suppress the development of AD induced by 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene in a murine model. Oral administration of W.

Induction of Interleukin-22 (IL-22) production in CD4 T Cells by IL-17A Secreted from CpG-Stimulated Keratinocytes.

Background: Interleukin-17A (IL-17A) is mainly secreted from Th17 cells that are activated by various stimuli including CpG oligodeoxynucleotide, a Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) ligand. Recently, it has been demonstrated that keratinocytes play an important role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.

Objective: To investigate the potential role of keratinocytes, we examined whether TLR9 ligand CpG induces IL-17A expression in keratinocytes.

Gracilibacillus kimchii sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium isolated from kimchi.

A novel halophilic bacterium, strain K7(T), was isolated from kimchi, a traditional Korean fermented food. The strain is Gram-positive, motile, and produces terminal endospores. The isolate is facultative aerobic and grows at salinities of 0.