Serum ergothioneine and risk of dementia in a general older Japanese population: the Hisayama Study.

Aim: To investigate the association between serum ergothioneine and risk of developing dementia and its subtypes in a community-dwelling older population.

Methods: In this prospective longitudinal analysis of participants enrolled in the Hisayama Study, 1344 Japanese community-residents aged 65 years and over without dementia at baseline were followed prospectively for a median of 11.2 years (2012-2023).

Secular Trends in the Prevalence of Total and Latent Prostate Cancer over Half a Century According to Consecutive Autopsy Cases in a Japanese community: The Hisayama Study.

Background And Objective: Our aim was to investigate secular trends in the period prevalence of total prostate cancer (PC) and latent PC (LPC) according to consecutive autopsy cases in a Japanese community.

Methods: A total of 1355 deceased men aged >40 yr in a Japanese community underwent consecutive autopsy examination between 1962 and 2020. The period prevalence of total PC and of LPC was calculated for 15-yr intervals, and secular trends were analyzed using a logistic regression model.

Developing and Validating a New Atrial Fibrillation Risk Score Using Medical Examination Items in a Japanese Population - The Suita Study.

Background: The aim of this was to develop an atrial fibrillation (AF) risk score using items usually included in Japanese governmental health check-ups.

Methods And Results: We analyzed data from 6,476 Japanese participants registered in the Suita Study. At baseline, the participants were aged ≥30 years and were free from AF.

Descriptive epidemiology of muscle-strengthening activities in Japanese middle-aged and older adults: the Hisayama Study.

Introduction: Data on the prevalence of muscle-strengthening activities in Asia have been limited. Using data from a community-based cross-sectional survey of a general adult population in Japan, whose age and occupational distribution were very similar to the national averages, we aimed to estimate the prevalence of muscle-strengthening activities.

Methods: A community survey of local residents over 40 years of age was conducted in 2017-2018 as part of the Hisayama Study.

Effect of intensive versus standard blood pressure control on cardiovascular outcomes in adult patients with hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of intensive versus standard antihypertensive therapy on cardiovascular outcomes in adult patients with hypertension. The primary endpoints were composite cardiovascular events, all-cause death, cardiovascular death, and serious adverse events. The secondary endpoints included cognitive impairment, hypotension, syncope, acute kidney injury, and composite renal outcomes.

Transition of Metabolic Health Status and the Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases in a Japanese Population: the Hisayama Study.

Aims: To investigate the association between metabolic health status, defined by the combination of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and obesity, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in a Japanese community.

Methods: A total of 2,842 participants without prior CVD, aged 40 years or older, were followed up from 2007 until 2017. Participants were classified into 4 metabolic health statuses based on the presence of obesity (body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m) and MetS: metabolically healthy normal weight (MHN) (obesity [-] and MetS [-]), metabolically unhealthy normal weight (MUN) (obesity [-] and MetS [+]), metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) (obesity [+] and MetS [-]), and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) (obesity [+] and MetS [+]).

Sleep-related breathing disorder in a Japanese occupational population and its association with exercise-induced blood pressure elevation.

Sleep-related breathing disorder (SRBD) and exercise-induced blood pressure (BP) elevation are known risk factors for hypertension. However, the relation between them remains unknown. This cross-sectional study examined the relationship between SRBD and exercise-induced BP elevation in a Japanese occupational population.

Impact of smoking status on incident hypertension in a Japanese occupational population.

Hypertension and tobacco smoking pose independent risks for cardiovascular diseases, but their association is unclear especially in Japanese. We investigated the impact of smoking status on the risk of new-onset hypertension in male and female Japanese workers. We evaluated 5439 subjects without hypertension who participated in medical check-ups in 2007-2018.

Does casual urine Na/K ratio predict 24 h urine Na/K ratio in treated hypertensive patients? Comparison between casual urine voided in the morning vs. 24 h urine collected on the previous day.

The urine sodium-to-potassium (Na/K) ratio is associated with blood pressure and cardiovascular diseases. A single urine sample is preferable for determining the Na/K ratio in clinical practice. We evaluated whether the Na/K ratio measured using morning casual urine samples predicts the ratio measured using the preceding 24 h urine sample in patients with hypertension.

Association between dynapenic obesity and risk of cardiovascular disease: The Hisayama study.

Background: Dynapenic obesity is a condition characterized by high adiposity levels combined with muscle dysfunction. Although high adiposity and muscle loss/dysfunction are thought to synergistically increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), few studies have addressed the association between dynapenic and sarcopenic obesity and CVD. We aimed to investigate the association of dynapenic obesity with incident CVD events using the data from a population-based prospective longitudinal study in Japan.

Usefulness of the Reborn Soup for the Reduction of Salt Intake.

Aims: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the influence of reborn soup on the perceptions of saltiness and palatability.

Methods: Subjects comprised 103 staff working at Kokura Daiichi Hospital (22 males, 81 females, and mean age: 35 ± 12 years old). They tested soups (commercially available soup with 0.

Skin carotenoid scores and metabolic syndrome in a general Japanese population: the Hisayama study.

Background: Higher vegetable intake is being promoted as an initiative to prevent lifestyle-related diseases. Carotenoids are yellow or red pigment components and are widely present in vegetables. Since ingested carotenoids accumulate in the skin, skin carotenoid levels are a quantitative indicator of vegetable intake.

Sleep-related breathing disorder in a Japanese occupational population and its association with hypertension-stratified analysis by obesity status.

Sleep-related breathing disorder (SRBD) causes hypertension, and obesity has been highly associated with SRBD, which has become a serious health problem in young and middle-aged Japanese males. However, the relation between SRBD and hypertension considering the effects of obesity remains unknown. In this cross-sectional study, we examined the relationship between SRBD and hypertension, with consideration for the effects of obesity, in Japanese occupational population.

Day-to-day home blood pressure variability and risk of atrial fibrillation in a general Japanese population: the Hisayama Study.

Aims: Several prospective studies have reported that higher visit-to-visit blood pressure variability (BPV) is associated with atrial fibrillation (AF). However, no studies have investigated the association between day-to-day BPV assessed by home blood pressure measurement and the development of AF.

Methods And Results: A total of 2829 community-dwelling Japanese aged ≥40 years without prior AF were followed up for 10 years (2007-17).

Left sinus of Valsalva aneurysm causing acute myocardial infarction with compression of the left main coronary trunk.

Unlabelled: Sinus of Valsalva aneurysm (SVA) is a rare cardiac anomaly that commonly originates from the right or noncoronary sinuses and rarely from the left sinus. SVA is usually diagnosed in the setting of clinical sequelae of a rupture. We herein report a case of an unruptured left SVA presenting as acute myocardial infarction.

Global Effect of Modifiable Risk Factors on Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality.

Background: Five modifiable risk factors are associated with cardiovascular disease and death from any cause. Studies using individual-level data to evaluate the regional and sex-specific prevalence of the risk factors and their effect on these outcomes are lacking.

Methods: We pooled and harmonized individual-level data from 112 cohort studies conducted in 34 countries and 8 geographic regions participating in the Global Cardiovascular Risk Consortium.

Serum Mac-2 Binding Protein Glycosylation Isomer Concentrations Are Associated With Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes.

Context: Serum Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi) concentrations are known to be an indicator of chronic liver injury and fibrosis.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between serum M2BPGi concentrations and the development of type 2 diabetes in a Japanese community.

Methods: A total of 2143 community-dwelling Japanese individuals aged 40-79 years without diabetes at baseline were followed up for 7 years.

Serum Lipopolysaccharide-binding Protein Levels and the Incidence of Metabolic Syndrome in a General Japanese Population: the Hisayama Study.

Background: The association between chronic lipopolysaccharide exposure and the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is unclear. In this study we examined the association between serum lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) levels, an indicator of lipopolysaccharide exposure, and the development of MetS in a general Japanese population.

Methods: 1,869 community-dwelling Japanese individuals aged ≥40 years without MetS at baseline examination in 2002-2003 were followed up by repeated examination in 2007-2008.

Day-to-Day Blood Pressure Variability and Risk of Incident Chronic Kidney Disease in a General Japanese Population.

Background Several longitudinal studies have reported that higher visit-to-visit blood pressure variability is associated with greater risk for developing chronic kidney disease. However, no population-based studies have investigated the association between day-to-day home blood pressure variability and incident chronic kidney disease. Methods and Results A total of 2342 Japanese community-dwelling residents aged ≥40 years without chronic kidney disease at baseline were followed up by annual health examinations for 10 years.

Changes in the Eicosapentaenoic Acid to Arachidonic Acid Ratio in Serum over 10 Years in a Japanese Community: The Hisayama Study.

Aim: Circulating omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids may to contribute to cardiovascular health at the population level. Over a decade, we investigated changes in the serum eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) to arachidonic acid (AA) ratio, and in serum concentrations of the individual fatty acids, in a Japanese community.

Methods: Community surveys took place in 2002-2003 and 2012-2013 in a rural area of Japan.