Therapeutic Potential of DS3316 via Cell Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) has a very high mortality rate worldwide. Although various therapies have been developed to treat CRC, the need for novel therapeutic approaches has been increasing due to severe side effects and limited efficacy of current treatments. Recently, although research on the gut microbiome and its association with colon cancer has been growing, the mechanisms of gut microbiome inhibition in CRC remain insufficiently understood.

MicroRNA based Prediction of Posthepatectomy Liver Failure and Mortality Outperforms Established Markers of Preoperative Risk Assessment.

Background: Posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) continues to be the most significant factor-determining outcome after hepatic resection, accounting for nearly half of postoperative mortality. In this study, we evaluated whether a newly developed commercially available test measuring circulating microRNAs (miRs) could predict PHLF and compared it with other established liver function tests.

Patients And Methods: A total of 329 patients undergoing liver resection were included and postoperative outcome was assessed.

Transfusion Strategy Effect on Quality of Life in Patients With Myocardial Infarction and Anemia: A Secondary Analysis of the MINT Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Both myocardial infarction (MI) and anemia have deleterious effects on health-related quality of life (QOL). Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion may improve QOL after MI by relieving symptoms and/or increasing functional capacity.

Objective: To evaluate whether a liberal transfusion strategy compared with a more restrictive transfusion strategy affects QOL in patients with MI and anemia.

Enhancing Patient Understanding of Hospitalization and Post-Discharge Needs: The Impact of Physician-Led Verbal Communication and Teach-Back Method.

Background: Safe transitions of care post inpatient hospitalization require robust communication practices during the discharge process to ensure patient understanding.

Objective: To determine if physician-led patient communication, inclusive of written and verbal instructions with the teach-back method, improves patient understanding of hospitalization and post-discharge needs.

Design: This pre-post study was piloted at an urban, 600-bed, academic tertiary care hospital over a 3-month period.

[Social stigma in dementia: Italian validation of the Dementia Public Stigma Scale (DePSS)].

Unlabelled: . Social stigma in dementia: Italian validation of the Dementia Public Stigma Scale (DEPSS).

Introduction: Dementia-related stigma is a significant barrier to supporting people with dementia and promoting their social inclusion.

Restrictive versus Liberal Transfusion in Myocardial Infarction - A Patient-Level Meta-Analysis.

Background: Clinical guidelines have concluded that there are insufficient data to provide recommendations for the hemoglobin threshold for the use of red cell transfusion in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) and anemia. After the recent publication of the Myocardial Infarction and Transfusion (MINT) trial, we performed an individual patient-level data meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of restrictive versus liberal blood transfusion strategies.

Methods: We conducted searches in major databases.

Comparing the effectiveness of peer-led healthy aging interventions on depression and quality of life in community-dwelling older adults: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: Healthy aging has become increasingly important owing to the rapidly growing population of older adults globally, and results from the complex interplay of multiple characteristics such as depression and quality of life. Several countries have included peer-led interventions in their health policies to promote healthy aging. Given the growing evidence for these interventions, determining their comparative effectiveness is vital and warranted.

Process Groups for Supporting Resident Wellbeing: Factors Influencing Resident Wellness amid the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Burnout is a well-recognized problem among resident physicians. The COVID-19 pandemic impacted the dynamics of the patient/resident relationship and introduced new stressors for medical trainees, such as new restrictions in the hospital, increased patient death, and uncertainty around safety. There is limited research on the implementation of group therapy for residents to address issues of wellbeing and burnout during the pandemic.

Unassisted Photoelectrochemical HO Production with Glycerol Valorization Using α-FeO.

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) HO production via two-electron O reduction is promising for HO production without emitting CO. For PEC HO production, α-FeO is an ideal semiconductor owing to its earth abundance, superior stability in water, and an appropriate band gap for efficient solar light utilization. Moreover, its conduction band is suitable for O reduction to produce HO.

Development of a method and an assessment construct for person-centered translation of dementia public stigma scales.

Background: With the number of people with dementia dramatically increasing over time and dementia becoming a major health concern worldwide, scales have been developed to assess the stigma socially attached to this neurodegenerative disorder. There are, however, almost no available methods and assessment constructs for person-centered translation of dementia public stigma scales.

Objective: To develop such a method and such an assessment construct by translating the Dementia Public Stigma Scale (DPSS) into standard written Chinese.

Intrahepatic neutrophil accumulation and extracellular trap formation are associated with posthepatectomy liver failure.

Background: Posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) represents a life-threatening complication with limited therapeutic options. Neutrophils play a critical and dynamic role during regeneratory processes, but their role in human liver regeneration is incompletely understood, especially as underlying liver disease, detectable in the majority of patients, critically affects hepatic regeneration. Here we explored intrahepatic neutrophil accumulation and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in patients with PHLF and validated the functional relevance of NETs in a murine partial hepatectomy (PHx) model.

An APRI+ALBI-Based Multivariable Model as a Preoperative Predictor for Posthepatectomy Liver Failure.

Objective And Background: Clinically significant posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF B+C) remains the main cause of mortality after major hepatic resection. This study aimed to establish an aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio combined with an albumin-bilirubin grade (APRI+ALBI), based multivariable model (MVM) to predict PHLF and compare its performance to indocyanine green clearance (ICG-R15 or ICG-PDR) and albumin-ICG evaluation (ALICE).

Methods: A total of 12,056 patients from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database were used to generate a MVM to predict PHLF B+C.

Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Motivation to Change Lifestyle and Health Behaviors for Dementia Risk Reduction scale (MCLHB-DRR) in Chinese community-dwelling older adults.

Objectives: To assess the psychometric properties of Chinese version of Motivation to Change Lifestyle and Health Behaviors for Dementia Risk Reduction (MCLHB-DRR) scale in Chinese community-dwelling older adults.

Methods: A convenience sample of 150 Chinese adults aged ≥50 was recruited from local community facilities. Reliability of MCLHB-DRR was evaluated using internal consistency and test-retest reliability over two weeks.

An online, public health framework supporting behaviour change to reduce dementia risk: interim results from the ISLAND study linking ageing and neurodegenerative disease.

Background: Unmanaged cardiometabolic health, low physical and cognitive activity, poor diet, obesity, smoking and excessive alcohol consumption are modifiable health risk factors for dementia and public health approaches to dementia prevention have been called for. The Island Study Linking Ageing and Neurodegenerative Disease (ISLAND) is a dementia prevention public health study examining whether improving knowledge about modifiable dementia risk factors supports behaviour changes that reduce future dementia risk.

Methods: Residents of Tasmania, Australia, aged 50 + years who joined the 10-year ISLAND study were asked to complete annual online surveys about their knowledge, motivations and behaviours related to modifiable dementia risk.

In-depth proteome analysis of brain tissue from Ewsr1 knockout mouse by multiplexed isobaric tandem mass tag labeling.

EWS RNA binding protein 1 (EWSR1) is a multifunctional protein whose epigenetic signatures contribute to the pathogenesis of various human diseases, such as neurodegenerative disorders, skin development, and tumorigenic processes. However, the specific cellular functions and physiological characteristics of EWSR1 remain unclear. In this study, we used quantitative mass spectrometry-based proteomics with tandem mass tag labeling to investigate the global proteome changes in brain tissue in Ewsr1 knockout and wild-type mice.

How Are Sociodemographic, Health, Psychological, and Cognitive Factors Associated with Dementia Worry? An Online Survey Study among Israeli and Australian Laypeople.

Background: Dementia worry is a widespread phenomenon and the most common emotional reaction elicited by the threat of developing dementia in the future. The cultural factors of dementia worry have not been examined widely, although dementia can be perceived differently between cultures and lead to varying levels of dementia worry. The purpose of this study was to examine the level of dementia worry and factors associated with it cross-nationally in Israel and Australia.

Relationships between Violence Experience, Resilience, and the Nursing Performance of Emergency Room Nurses in South Korea.

In urgent situations where tensions and conflicts are amplified, emergency room nurses are vulnerable to violence and are exposed to dangerous situations because they are confronted by patients or caregivers. This study sought to examine the relationship between violence experience, resilience, and nursing performance among emergency room nurses in South Korea. A cross-sectional descriptive design was used.

Island Study Linking Aging and Neurodegenerative Disease (ISLAND) Targeting Dementia Risk Reduction: Protocol for a Prospective Web-Based Cohort Study.

Background: Up to 40% of incident dementia is considered attributable to behavioral and lifestyle factors. Given the current lack of medical treatments and the projected increase in dementia prevalence, a focus on prevention through risk reduction is needed.

Objective: We aim to increase dementia risk knowledge and promote changes in dementia risk behaviors at individual and population levels.

Family carers of people living with dementia and discussion board engagement in the Understanding Dementia Massive Open Online Course.

Objectives: This study compared discussion board involvement between family carers and non-carers in the Understanding Dementia Massive Open Online Course (UD-MOOC).

Methods: A mixed methods observational cohort study of family carers and non-carers was undertaken over the February-April 2020 UD-MOOC. Discussion board engagement was measured as number of posts and replies and examined longitudinally using mixed models.

Who displays dementia-related stigma and what does the general public know about dementia? Findings from a nationally representative survey.

Objectives: To identify the characteristics of those who tend to hold stigmatising beliefs and behaviours towards people living with dementia to inform dementia education and the targeting of interventions to reduce dementia-related stigma.

Unlabelled: A nationally representative telephone survey of 1000 Australians aged 18-93 years was conducted to assess general knowledge of dementia and dementia-related stigma. A single open-ended question was used to assess participants' general knowledge of dementia.