Sublethal urea exposure in Nile tilapia: Morphological, behavioural, and histological alteration.

The pace of research efforts has been extraordinarily accelerated across the globe to address the contamination issues caused by pesticides, and fertilizers, especially in the aquatic ecosystem. The sole aim of this study was to assess the effect of urea on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). For this purpose, the fish fingerlings were exposed to increasing concentrations of urea such as 0, 1, 2.

Zinc Acts Synergistically with Berberine for Enhancing Its Efficacy as an Anti-cancer Agent by Inducing Clusterin-Dependent Apoptosis in HT-29 Colorectal Cancer Cells.

It is now widely accepted that anti-cancer medications are most effective when administered in combination. Zinc is an essential micronutrient whilst berberine is a well-known natural phytochemical, both having multiple molecular mechanisms of action. The present study aimed to determine the combinatorial effect of zinc and berberine on the human adenocarcinoma HT-29 cancer cell line.

Betel leaf extract and its major component hydroxychavicol promote osteogenesis and alleviate glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in rats.

Piper betle leaves possess several ethnomedicinal properties and are immensely used in traditional medicinal practices in regions of Asian and African subcontinents. However, their effects in treating skeletal complications are least known. In this study, we evaluated cellular and molecular effects of betel leaf extract (BLE) and its major phytoconstituent, hydroxychavicol (HCV) in promoting osteogenesis in vitro and alleviating glucocorticoid induced osteoporosis (GIO) in vivo.

Decellularized xenogenic cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds for the reconstruction of osteochondral defects in rabbits.

The use of decellularized native allogenic or xenogenic cartilaginous extracellular matrix (ECM) biomaterials is widely expanding in the fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. In this study, we aimed to develop an acellular, affordable, biodegradable, easily available goat conchal cartilaginous ECM derived scaffolding biomaterial for repair and regeneration of osteochondral defects in rabbits. Cartilages harvested from freshly collected goat ears were decellularized using chemical agents, namely, hypotonic-hypertonic (HH) buffer and Triton X-100 solution, separately.

3-D macro/microporous-nanofibrous bacterial cellulose scaffolds seeded with BMP-2 preconditioned mesenchymal stem cells exhibit remarkable potential for bone tissue engineering.

Bone repair using BMP-2 is a promising therapeutic approach in clinical practices, however, high dosages required to be effective pose issues of cost and safety. The present study explores the potential of low dose BMP-2 treatment via tissue engineering approach, which amalgamates 3-D macro/microporous-nanofibrous bacterial cellulose (mNBC) scaffolds and low dose BMP-2 primed murine mesenchymal stem cells (C3H10T1/2 cells). Initial studies on cell-scaffold interaction using unprimed C3H10T1/2 cells confirmed that scaffolds provided a propitious environment for cell adhesion, growth, and infiltration, owing to its ECM-mimicking nano-micro-macro architecture.

Berberine reverses epithelial-mesenchymal transition and modulates histone methylation in osteosarcoma cells.

Osteosarcoma is the most frequently occurring cancer in children as well as young adolescents and the metastatic forms worsen this condition to a further great extent. The metastatic dissemination of cancer cells is often acquired through a process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Since, phytochemicals have attracted intense interest in recent years due to their diverse pharmacological effects, in the present study, we investigated if berberine, a naturally occurring isoquinoline quaternary alkaloid, could modulate the EMT in osteosarcoma cells.

Metabolite profiling and wound-healing activity of leaf extracts using and models.

is a perennial herb belonging to the Nyctaginaceae family. This plant has been widely used in Indian traditional medicinal system to cure several human ailments. However, traditional use of this plant in the treatment and management of wounds has not been validated by any comprehensive scientific study.

Kaempferol alleviates palmitic acid-induced lipid stores, endoplasmic reticulum stress and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction through AMPK/mTOR-mediated lipophagy.

Kaempferol, a natural flavonoid, has the beneficial effects of preserving pancreatic β-cell mass and function, but its action on β-cell lipid metabolism still remains elusive. Recently, autophagy has been reported to play a major role in lipid metabolism in various cell types, but its role in pancreatic β-cell's lipid metabolism is rarely reported. Here, we investigated the role of kaempferol-induced autophagy in inhibition of lipid stores, ER stress and β-cell dysfunction in palmitic acid-challenged RIN-5F cells and isolated pancreatic islets.

Antifungal and Anti-Biofilm Activity of Essential Oil Active Components against and .

Cryptococcosis is an emerging and recalcitrant systemic infection occurring in immunocompromised patients. This invasive fungal infection is difficult to treat due to the ability of to form biofilms resistant to standard antifungal treatment. The toxicity concern of these drugs has stimulated the search for natural therapeutic alternatives.