Multi-omics analysis reveals that Bacillus spp. enhance mucosal antiviral immunity in teleost fish by mediating diglyceride production through lipid metabolism.

Background: Symbiotic microbiota in vertebrates play critical roles in establishing and enhancing host resistance to pathogenic infections as well as maintaining host homeostasis. The interactions and mechanisms of commensal microbiota-mediated mucosal immune systems have been extensively studied in mammals and, to a lesser extent, in birds. However, despite several studies emphasizing the role of mucosal microbiota in controlling pathogen infections in teleost fish, limited knowledge exists regarding the core microbiota and the mechanisms by which they contribute to resistance against viral infections.

The Effector Protein BspF Regulates Apoptosis through the Crotonylation of p53.

The type IV secretion system (T4SS) can promote the intracellular survival and reproduction of . T4SS secretes effector proteins to act on cellular signaling pathways to inhibit the host's innate immune response and cause a chronic, persistent infection. can survive in host cells for a long time by inhibiting macrophage apoptosis and avoiding immune recognition.

Effector Proteins of Type IV Secretion System: Weapons of Used to Fight Against Host Immunity.

is an intracellular bacterial pathogen capable of long-term persistence in the host, resulting in chronic infections in livestock and wildlife. The type IV secretion system (T4SS) is an important virulence factor of and is composed of 12 protein complexes encoded by the VirB operon. T4SS exerts its function through its secreted 15 effector proteins.

IHNV Infection Induces Strong Mucosal Immunity and Changes of Microbiota in Trout Intestine.

The fish intestinal mucosa is among the main sites through which environmental microorganisms interact with the host. Therefore, this tissue not only constitutes the first line of defense against pathogenic microorganisms but also plays a crucial role in commensal colonization. The interaction between the mucosal immune system, commensal microbiota, and viral pathogens has been extensively described in the mammalian intestine.

Simulation and misalignment analysis of the gain ratio of a polarization Mie Raman lidar: publisher's note.

This publisher's note serves to correct an error in Appl. Opt.61, 2881 (2022)APOPAI0003-693510.

Simulation and misalignment analysis of the gain ratio of a polarization Mie Raman lidar.

The gain ratio is a critical parameter in a polarization Mie lidar. Calibrating the gain ratio is essential in aerosol classification studies. We developed a ray-tracing-based simulation method to investigate the impact of mounting errors on the gain ratio.

Lysine Acylation Modification Landscape of Proteome and its Virulent Proteins.

The myriad of posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of proteins that occur in all living cells are crucial to all kinds of biological processes. is an intracellular parasitic bacterium that can cause chronic diseases in both humans and livestock. To reveal the relationship between PTMs and the virulence and survival of , we described the first comprehensive multiple PTM-omics atlas of 2308.

Smoothed accumulated spectra based wDSWF method for real-time wind vector estimation of pulsed coherent Doppler lidar.

Wind vector estimation method with high accuracy in the low signal-to-noise ratio region improves the performance of pulsed coherent Doppler lidar. The key to improving accuracy is to process the incorrect radial wind estimates or the distorted power spectra better. The smoothed accumulated spectra based weighted sine wave fitting method proposed here minimizes the effects of bad radial wind estimates by considering both signal intensity and wind spatial continuity.

Determination of normal value of glomerular size in Chinese adults by different measurement methods.

Aim:   Identification of glomerulomegaly is a prerequisite for diagnosis of obesity-related glomerulopathy, so measurement of glomerular size is of critical importance.

Methods:   A total 100 cases pathologically diagnosed as minor glomerular abnormalities or thin basement membrane nephropathy with normal body mass index and blood glucose level were selected as the normal value measurement group of glomerular size. The mean value of diameters of capillary tuft on the glomerular maximum profile was determined using the direct method and indirect method with the Motic Med 6.