Diet, Gastric Microbiota, and Metabolites in Gastric Tumorigenesis.

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide particularly in Asian populations, and certain diets have been associated with increased risk of GC. Recent advances in microbial profiling technology have facilitated investigations on microbes residing on the gastric mucosa and increasing evidence has revealed the critical roles of non- gastric microbes in gastric tumorigenesis. On the other hand, diets can affect microbial communities, causing compositional and functional shift of the microbiota.

Atmospheric Pollutants, Cardiometabolic Disorders, and Dementia in Trajectory Analysis: A 13-Year Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Background: First cardiometabolic disorders (FCMDs) and dementia pose a significant burden on aging populations. Investigating the association between atmospheric pollutants and the progression of FCMDs and dementia is crucial.

Methods: A prospective analysis was conducted on 413 149 participants from the UK Biobank.

Observational, causal relationship and shared genetic basis between cholelithiasis and gastroesophageal reflux disease: evidence from a cohort study and comprehensive genetic analysis.

Objective: Cholelithiasis and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) contribute to significant health concerns. We aimed to investigate the potential observational, causal, and genetic relationships between cholelithiasis and GERD.

Design: The observational correlations were assessed based on the prospective cohort study from UK Biobank.

Physical Activity, Genetic Susceptibility, and Risk of Colorectal Cancer in Type 2 Diabetes: A Large Population-Based Cohort Study.

Background: It is crucial to identify modifiable preventive measures to mitigate the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), a high-risk group for CRC. We conducted a study to investigate the potential association between various levels of physical activity (PA) and the incidence of CRC, taking account of genetic susceptibility, in a T2D population cohort.

Methods: The study was based on UK Biobank (UKB) data on persons diagnosed with T2D; the participants were tracked until 2022.

Evaluation of causal relationships between genetic liability to inflammatory bowel disease and autism spectrum disorder by Mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Emerging observational studies have indicated the association between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and IBD, including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), whereas the causality remains unknown.

Methods: Summary-level data from large-scale genome-wide association (GWAS) studies of IBD and ASD were retrieved. Mendelian randomisation analyses were performed with a series of sensitivity tests.

Effects of gut microbiota on immune checkpoint inhibitors in multi-cancer and as microbial biomarkers for predicting therapeutic response.

Background: Gut bacteria are related to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). However, there is inconsistency in ICI-associated species, while the role of non-bacterial microbes in immunotherapy remains elusive. Here, we evaluated the association of trans-kingdom microbes with ICIs by multi-cohort multi-cancer analyses.

Gut microbial metabolites: Shaping future diagnosis and treatment against gastrointestinal cancer.

Gastrointestinal cancer is a worldwide health challenge due to its dramatically increasing prevalence and as a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Increasing evidence has illustrated the vital role of gut microbes-derived metabolites in gastrointestinal cancer progression and treatment. Microbial metabolites are produced by the gut microbiota that utilizes both extrinsic dietary components and intrinsic host-generated compounds.

Unveiling promising drug targets for autism spectrum disorder: insights from genetics, transcriptomics, and proteomics.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder for which current treatments are limited and drug development costs are prohibitive. Identifying drug targets for ASD is crucial for the development of targeted therapies. Summary-level data of expression quantitative trait loci obtained from GTEx, protein quantitative trait loci data from the ROSMAP project, and two ASD genome-wide association studies datasets were utilized for discovery and replication.

Associations of proton pump inhibitors with susceptibility to influenza, pneumonia, and COVID-19: Evidence from a large population-based cohort study.

Background: Adverse effects of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) have raised wide concerns. The association of PPIs with influenza is unexplored, while that with pneumonia or COVID-19 remains controversial. Our study aims to evaluate whether PPI use increases the risks of these respiratory infections.

The mediating effect of blood biomarkers in the associations between inflammatory bowel disease and incident psychiatric disorders: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Despite the growing evidence of an association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and psychiatric disorders, there has been limited research exploring the underlying mediating role of blood biomarkers on the gut-brain axis. This study aimed to examine the association between IBD and the risk of incident psychiatric disorders and investigate whether and how blood biomarkers mediate this association.

Methods: This prospective cohort study using data from the UK Biobank included participants without psychiatric diagnoses at baseline.

Stomach microbiota in gastric cancer development and clinical implications.

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies and a prominent cause of cancer mortality worldwide. A distinctive characteristic of GC is its intimate association with commensal microbial community. Although is widely recognised as an inciting factor of the onset of gastric carcinogenesis, increasing evidence has indicated the substantial involvement of microbes that reside in the gastric mucosa during disease progression.

Sleep patterns, genetic susceptibility, and digestive diseases: a large-scale longitudinal cohort study.

Background: Sleep problems are prevalent. However, the impact of sleep patterns on digestive diseases remains uncertain. Moreover, the interaction between sleep patterns and genetic predisposition with digestive diseases has not been comprehensively explored.

Investigating shared genetic architecture between inflammatory bowel diseases and primary biliary cholangitis.

Background & Aims: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is commonly associated with extraintestinal complications, including autoimmune liver disease. The co-occurrence of IBD and primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) has been increasingly observed, but the underlying relationship between these conditions remains unclear.

Methods: Using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), we investigated the causal effects between PBC and IBD, including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC).

Risks of digestive diseases in long COVID: evidence from a population-based cohort study.

Background: In the post-pandemic era, a wide range of COVID-19 sequelae is of growing health concern. However, the risks of digestive diseases in long COVID have not been comprehensively understood. To investigate the long-term risk of digestive diseases among COVID patients.

Targeted modulation of intestinal epithelial regeneration and immune response in ulcerative colitis using dual-targeting bilirubin nanoparticles.

The therapeutic benefits of bilirubin in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) are considerable, whereas the underlying mechanism of bilirubin on UC remains unclear remains unexplored. In addition, the weak hydrophilicity and toxicity have limited its translational applications. We have developed a colon dual-targeting nanoparticle, for orally delivering bilirubin through hydrogel encapsulation of hyaluronic acid (HA)-modified poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (HA-PLGA).

Genetically predicted causal associations between periodontitis and psychiatric disorders.

Background: Psychiatric disorders have serious harm to individuals' lives with high disease burden. Observational studies reported inconsistent associations between periodontitis and some psychiatric disorders, and the causal correlations between them remain unknown.

Objective: This study aims to explore the causal associations between periodontitis and psychiatric disorders.

Evaluation of combined pathological responses in primary tumor and lymph nodes following neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Inconsistent pathological responses of tumor and lymph nodes (LNs) were frequently observed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy. However, there is a lack of studies to report the prognostic significance and the relevant clinicopathological factors of tumor-nodal inconsistent responses after neoadjuvant immunotherapy or chemoimmunotherapy. Therefore, this study aimed to depict the inconsistent pathological combined tumor-nodal responses in NSCLC patients after neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy as well as the underlying clinical significance.

Habitual fish oil use and risk of COVID-19-related outcomes: Evidence from a large scale cohort study and Mendelian randomization analysis.

Background & Aims: Previous findings for the effects of fish oil on COVID-19-related outcomes remain largely inconclusive and controversy persists. Large population-based studies in real-life settings are required to explore the impact of habitual fish oil use on Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related hospitalization and death. To investigate the associations between habitual fish oil use and SARS-CoV-2infection, COVID-19-related outcome.

Dissecting shared genetic architecture between obesity and multiple sclerosis.

Background: Observational studies have associated obesity with an increased risk of multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the role of genetic factors in their comorbidity remains largely unknown. Our study aimed to investigate the shared genetic architecture underlying obesity and MS.

Associations of habitual glucosamine use with SARS-CoV-2 infection and hospital admission and death with COVID-19: Evidence from a large population based cohort study.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a fundamental number of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Glucosamine was indicated to help prevent and control RNA virus infection preclinically, while its potential therapeutic effects on COVID-19-related outcomes are largely unknown. To assess the association of habitual glucosamine use with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, hospital admission, and mortality with COVID-19 in a large population based cohort.

Investigating Causality and Shared Genetic Architecture between Neurodegenerative Disorders and Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Published observational studies have revealed the connection between neurodegenerative disorders and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), whereas the causal association remains largely unclear. Our study aims to assess the causality and identify the shared genetic architecture between neurodegenerative disorders and IBD. Two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses were performed to assess the causality between IBD and neurodegenerative disorders (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis [ALS], Alzheimer's disease [AD], Parkinson's disease [PD], and multiple sclerosis [MS]).