Improving Voice Spoofing Detection Through Extensive Analysis of Multicepstral Feature Reduction.

Voice biometric systems play a critical role in numerous security applications, including electronic device authentication, banking transaction verification, and confidential communications. Despite their widespread utility, these systems are increasingly targeted by sophisticated spoofing attacks that leverage advanced artificial intelligence techniques to generate realistic synthetic speech. Addressing the vulnerabilities inherent to voice-based authentication systems has thus become both urgent and essential.

A multi-filter deep transfer learning framework for image-based autism spectrum disorder detection.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) affects approximately [Formula: see text] of the global population and is characterized by difficulties in social communication and repetitive or obsessive behaviors. Early detection of autism is crucial, as it allows therapeutic interventions to be initiated earlier, significantly increasing the effectiveness of treatments. However, diagnosing ASD remains a challenge, as it is traditionally carried out through methods that are often subjective and based on interviews and clinical observations.

Ergodic seismic precursors and transfer learning for short term eruption forecasting at data scarce volcanoes.

Seismic data recorded before volcanic eruptions provides important clues for forecasting. However, limited monitoring histories and infrequent eruptions restrict the data available for training forecasting models. We propose a transfer machine learning approach that identifies eruption precursors-signals that consistently change before eruptions-across multiple volcanoes.

Hormonal regulation and physiological adjustments of wheat and pea plants under simulated lunar soil conditions.

This study investigates the physiological and morphological responses of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and pea (Pisum sativum) grown in a mixture of lunar soil (LS) simulant and organic soil (OS). The experiment compared the growth of both pea and wheat in 100% organic soil (OS) and a 3:2 mixture of OS and LS (OS: LS). Wheat exhibited increased branching and root growth in OS: LS, while pea plants showed enhanced aerial elongation and altered branch morphology.

Inhibition of Key Virulence Enzymes of Botrytis cinerea by Flavonoids from the Antarctic Plant Colobanthus quitensis.

This study investigates the antifungal efficacy of flavonoids derived from Colobanthus quitensis against key virulence-related enzymes implicated in the pathogenic mechanisms of Botrytis cinerea. The flavonoids swertiajaponin, schaftoside, vitexin, and saponarin significantly inhibited pectinase, cellulase, and laccase activity. Specifically, swertiajaponin showed mixed inhibition of pectinase and cellulase, characterized by high affinity (low inhibition constant -K-) for enzyme-substrate complexes.

Genetic Algorithm for Feature Selection Applied to Financial Time Series Monotonicity Prediction: Experimental Cases in Cryptocurrencies and Brazilian Assets.

Since financial assets on stock exchanges were created, investors have sought to predict their future values. Currently, cryptocurrencies are also seen as assets. Machine learning is increasingly adopted to assist and automate investments.

The Carrot Phytoene Synthase 2 () Promotes Salt Stress Tolerance through a Positive Regulation of Abscisic Acid and Abiotic-Related Genes in .

Carotenoids, which are secondary metabolites derived from isoprenoids, play a crucial role in photo-protection and photosynthesis, and act as precursors for abscisic acid, a hormone that plays a significant role in plant abiotic stress responses. The biosynthesis of carotenoids in higher plants initiates with the production of phytoene from two geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate molecules. Phytoene synthase (PSY), an essential catalytic enzyme in the process, regulates this crucial step in the pathway.

An Experimental Analysis on Multicepstral Projection Representation Strategies for Dysphonia Detection.

Biometrics-based authentication has become the most well-established form of user recognition in systems that demand a certain level of security. For example, the most commonplace social activities stand out, such as access to the work environment or to one's own bank account. Among all biometrics, voice receives special attention due to factors such as ease of collection, the low cost of reading devices, and the high quantity of literature and software packages available for use.

A New Frequency Analysis Operator for Population Improvement in Genetic Algorithms to Solve the Job Shop Scheduling Problem.

Job Shop Scheduling is currently one of the most addressed planning and scheduling optimization problems in the field. Due to its complexity, as it belongs to the NP-Hard class of problems, meta-heuristics are one of the most commonly used approaches in its resolution, with Genetic Algorithms being one of the most effective methods in this category. However, it is well known that this meta-heuristic is affected by phenomena that worsen the quality of its population, such as premature convergence and population concentration in regions of local optima.

A Mesocosm Experiment in Ecological Physiology: The Modulation of Energy Budget in a Hibernating Marsupial under Chronic Caloric Restriction.

AbstractDuring the past 60 years, mammalian hibernation (i.e., seasonal torpor) has been interpreted as a physiological adaptation for energy economy.

NE-Motion: Visual Analysis of Stroke Patients Using Motion Sensor Networks.

A large number of stroke survivors suffer from a significant decrease in upper extremity (UE) function, requiring rehabilitation therapy to boost recovery of UE motion. Assessing the efficacy of treatment strategies is a challenging problem in this context, and is typically accomplished by observing the performance of patients during their execution of daily activities. A more detailed assessment of UE impairment can be undertaken with a clinical bedside test, the UE Fugl-Meyer Assessment, but it fails to examine compensatory movements of functioning body segments that are used to bypass impairment.

Heat Shock Tolerance in Desv. Cultivated Is Mediated by Enzymatic and Non-enzymatic Antioxidants.

Desv, is the most successful colonizing species of a cold continent. In recent years due to climate change, the frequency of heat waves has increased in Antarctica, registering anomalous high temperatures during the summer of 2020. However, the populations of are responding positively to these events, increasing in number and size throughout the Antarctic Peninsula.

A Modified Genetic Algorithm with Local Search Strategies and Multi-Crossover Operator for Job Shop Scheduling Problem.

It is not uncommon for today's problems to fall within the scope of the well-known class of NP-Hard problems. These problems generally do not have an analytical solution, and it is necessary to use meta-heuristics to solve them. The Job Shop Scheduling Problem (JSSP) is one of these problems, and for its solution, techniques based on Genetic Algorithm (GA) form the most common approach used in the literature.

Desiccation tolerance in the Antarctic moss Sanionia uncinata.

Background: One of the most extreme environments on our planet is the Maritime Antarctic territory, due to its low-water availability, which restricts the development of plants. Sanionia uncinata Hedw. (Amblystegiaceae), the main colonizer of the Maritime Antarctic, has effective mechanisms to tolerate this environment.

Oligo-carrageenan kappa increases glucose, trehalose and TOR-P and subsequently stimulates the expression of genes involved in photosynthesis, and basal and secondary metabolisms in Eucalyptus globulus.

Background: It has been previously shown that oligo-carrageenan (OC) kappa increases growth, photosynthesis and activities of enzymes involved in basal and secondary metabolisms in Eucalyptus globulus. However, it is not known whether OC kappa may induce the activation of TOR pathway and the increase in expression of genes encoding proteins involved in photosynthesis and enzymes of basal and secondary metabolisms.

Results: E.

Cadmium and/or copper excess induce interdependent metal accumulation, DNA methylation, induction of metal chelators and antioxidant defences in the seagrass Zostera marina.

In this investigation, we assessed the effects of Cu and/or Cd excess on physiological and metabolic processes of the widespread seagrass Zostera marina. Adult were exposed to low Cd and Cu (0.89 and 0.

Water deficit and abscisic acid treatments increase the expression of a glucomannan mannosyltransferase gene (GMMT) in Aloe vera Burm. F.

The main polysaccharide of the gel present in the leaves of or Aloe vera Burm.F., (Aloe barbadensis Miller) a xerophytic crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) plant, is an acetylated glucomannan named acemannan.

Copper excess detoxification is mediated by a coordinated and complementary induction of glutathione, phytochelatins and metallothioneins in the green seaweed Ulva compressa.

In order to analyze the involvement of intracellular thiol-chelators in the accumulation and detoxification of copper, the marine alga Ulva compressa was cultivated with increasing concentrations of copper such as 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 μM for up to 12 d, and the amount of intracellular copper, glutathione (GSH), phytochelatins (PCs) and transcripts encoding three metallothioneins (MTs) were determined.

Copper stress induces antioxidant responses and accumulation of sugars and phytochelatins in Antarctic Colobanthus quitensis (Kunth) Bartl.

Background: In field, C. quitensis is subjected to many abiotic extreme environmental conditions, such as low temperatures, high UV-B, salinity and reduced water potentials, but not metal or metalloid high concentrations in soil, however, other members of Caryophyllaceae family have tolerance to high concentrations of metals, this is the case of Silene genre. In this work, we hypothesize that C.

Unraveling the induction of phytoene synthase 2 expression by salt stress and abscisic acid in Daucus carota.

Phytoene synthase (PSY) is the first committed enzyme of the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway and the most important point of regulation. Carotenoids are precursors of abscisic acid (ABA), which mediates abiotic stress tolerance responses in plants. ABA activates the synthesis of its own precursors through induction of PSY expression.

Pediatric Gastrointestinal Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder: Incidence, Clinical Characteristics, and Impact of Major Surgical Interventions Upon Overall Survival.

Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is a severe complication of solid organ transplantation. A common site for PTLD development is the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence, clinical features, and overall survival of pediatric patients with GI-PTLD, and to assess whether major surgical interventions increased mortality.

Antioxidant Responses Induced by UVB Radiation in Desv.

Desv. is one of two vascular plants that live in the Maritime Antarctic Territory and is exposed to high levels of ultraviolet-B (UVB) radiation. In this work, antioxidant physiology of was studied in response to UVB induced oxidative changes.

and Pyramiding in Grapevine ( cv. Crimson Seedless) Displays an Improved Defense Response Leading to Enhanced Resistance to Powdery Mildew ().

Fungal pathogens are the cause of the most common diseases in grapevine and among them powdery mildew represents a major focus for disease management. Different strategies for introgression of resistance in grapevine are currently undertaken in breeding programs. For example, introgression of several resistance genes (R) from different sources for making it more durable and also strengthening the plant defense response.

FcLDP1, a Gene Encoding a Late Embryogenesis Abundant (LEA) Domain Protein, Responds to Brassinosteroids and Abscisic Acid during the Development of Fruits in Fragaria chiloensis.

White Chilean strawberries (Fragaria chiloensis) are non-climacteric fruits, with an exotic color and aroma. In order to discover genes involved in the development of these fruits, we identified a fragment of a gene encoding a late embryogenesis abundant domain protein, FcLDP1, that was expressed in early stages of fruit development, particularly in receptacles. Hormones play key roles in regulating the development of non-climacteric fruits.