The case for anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) for the international space station and future planetary spaceflight: Clinical relevance and technical implementation.

Spaceflight presents unique challenges to ocular health which must be addressed when considering future long-term missions to Mars and beyond, specifically with increased risk to the anterior segment of the eye. While the posterior segment has been heavily researched via examinations with Heidelberg's Spectralis Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT)2 Module aboard the International Space Station (ISS), evaluation of the anterior segment is not as extensively performed. Despite the capabilities of the Spectralis, which allows for anterior segment imaging via the Anterior Segment Module (ASM), transforming the OCT into an Anterior Segment OCT (AS-OCT), there is limited information available regarding anterior segment effects due to microgravity and spaceflight.

The ocular surface during spaceflight: Post-mission symptom report, extraterrestrial risks, and in-flight therapeutics.

Ocular health is critical for overall astronaut health requirements given its essential role for mission performance and safety. The ocular surface is a vital structure to the visual system and is essential for ocular protection and the refraction of light for focused vision. Data from the 2024 NASA Lifetime Surveillance of Astronaut Health identified that Space Shuttle and International Space Station (ISS) astronauts (N = 257) queried during post-flight eye exams reported symptoms of eye irritation (34 %), dry eyes (14 %), and foreign body sensation (21 %).

Corneal Edema and the Endothelium in Spaceflight.

Introduction: With future manned missions that extend beyond low Earth orbit, it would be wise to anticipate all risks to astronaut health, including those relevant to ophthalmology and the ocular surface. Corneal edema has been documented among mice experiments conducted onboard the Space Transportation System mission, STS-133, owing to increased stress response gene expression.

Methods: A targeted, relevant search of the literature on topics relating to ocular surface and spaceflight was conducted with scholarly databases PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase from inception to July 2024.

Potential Risks of Ocular Molecular and Cellular Changes in Spaceflight.

Purpose: Many fundamental cellular and molecular changes are known to occur in biological systems during spaceflight, including oxidative stress, DNA damage, mitochondrial damage, epigenetic factors, telomere lengthening, and microbial shifts. We can apply the consequences of these molecular changes in ocular cells, such as the retinal ganglion cells and corneal epithelium, to identify ophthalmologic risks during spaceflight. This review aims to discuss the potential molecular changes in greater detail and apply the principles to ocular cells and ophthalmic disease risk in astronauts.

The hypercapnic environment on the International Space Station (ISS): A potential contributing factor to ocular surface symptoms in astronauts.

With increasing advancements and efforts towards space exploration, there is a pressing need to understand the impacts of spaceflight on astronauts' health. Astronauts have reported signs and symptoms of dry eye disease upon traveling to the International Space Station (ISS), thus necessitating an evaluation of the factors that contribute to the onset of spaceflight associated dry eye disease. Prior literature describes the hypercapnic environment of the ISS; however, the link between the high CO levels and astronauts' symptoms of dry eye disease remains unexplored.

The global impact of scoliosis on tracheal abnormalities and ventilation needs in pediatric patients with tracheostomy tubes.

Purpose: To describe the effects of scoliosis severity on the trachea in patients with a tracheostomy tube.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective chart review of patients 21 years and younger with a tracheostomy and scoliosis between 2001 and 2019 was conducted at a single tertiary pediatric hospital. Patients with spine curvature from C6 - T3 (tracheal limits) were divided into two groups based on curvatures that were either greater than or equal to 30° (Group A) or less than 30° (Group B).

Depression During the Postpartum Period and Impacts on Parent-Child Relationships: A Narrative Review.

Although controversy exists around labels for postpartum depression (PPD), focusing efforts on terms distracts the research community from better understanding the impact of depression on parent-infant relationships. The purpose of this article is to provide a narrative review of research related to how depression experienced in the postpartum period impacts parent-infant relationships. Our review indicates that PPD is pervasive, symptoms often appear during pregnancy, and it has the potential to negatively impact parent-infant relationships.

Education and Misinformation: Exploring Ophthalmology Content on TikTok.

Introduction: With the continuous rise of social media usage, more patients are looking online for health-related information. TikTok is one of the fastest-growing video-based social media platforms, but the quality of its ophthalmologic content, at a comprehensive level, has not been previously analyzed. We aim to explore and characterize popular ophthalmology content on TikTok, including the presence of misinformation.

The relationship between children's food allergies and family mealtimes: A systematic review.

Food allergy prevalence is increasing among children; however, it is not clear how children's food allergy status impacts family mealtimes. This study's purpose was to systematically synthesize research regarding the relationship between children's food allergies, parental meal-centered stress, and family mealtime dynamics. Data sources for this study include peer-reviewed, English language sources from CINAHL, MEDLINE, APA PsycInfo, Web of Science, and Google Scholar.

Heterochronic Parabiosis Causes Dacryoadenitis in Young Lacrimal Glands.

Aging is associated with inflammation and oxidative stress in the lacrimal gland (LG). We investigated if heterochronic parabiosis of mice could modulate age-related LG alterations. In both males and females, there were significant increases in total immune infiltration in isochronic aged LGs compared to that in isochronic young LGs.

Mental health matters: Parent mental health and children's emotional eating.

Parents' symptoms of anxiety and depression are associated with their increased likelihood of using nonresponsive feeding practices and with children's elevated obesity risk. These feeding practices, particularly persuasive-controlling feeding practices, have further been linked to children's emotional eating, including both emotional overeating and undereating. To help future research identify points of interventions to reduce children's maladaptive eating behaviors, the goal of this study was to determine whether persuasive-controlling feeding practices mediated the link between parent mental health and children's emotional eating.

The relationship between COVID-related parenting stress, nonresponsive feeding behaviors, and parent mental health.

Unlabelled: COVID-19 has disrupted the lives of families across the United States and all over the world. Stress is known to have a negative impact on parent-child feeding interactions; hence, the purpose of this study is to examine how COVID-related parenting stress, which was measured using a newly developed scale, is related to parent mental health, nonresponsive feeding, and children's self-regulation of eating. 119 parents of children ages 2-7 years old filled out questions about COVID-related parenting stress, mental health, nonresponsive feeding behaviors, and children's self-regulation of eating.