miR-10a-5p and miR-10b-5p restore colonic motility in aged mice.

Background: We previously identified miR-10b-5p as a key regulator of gastrointestinal (GI) motility through its essential role in the development and function of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC), the pacemaker cells of the gut. Loss of miR-10b-5p in ICC impairs intestinal motility and contributes to constipation, a common condition in the elderly. Notably, miR-10b-5p is co-expressed with its paralog, miR-10a-5p, in ICC.

Ethyl acetate extract of : a specific and potent inhibitor against the drug-resistant EGFR_T790M mutant in NSCLC.

Lung cancer, the second leading cause of cancer mortality, requires the development of novel therapeutic strategies due to emerging drug resistance and toxicity. With this objective, the present work explored the therapeutic potential of leaf extracts against EGFR_T790M-mediated drug resistance in NSCLC. To this end, we evaluated the functional and therapeutic potential of a panel of polar and non-polar solvent extracts using various assay systems.

Deciphering the Interplay of Frailty, Age, and Gender in Orthopedic Surgical Outcomes Among the Elderly: Insights From a Prospective Cohort Study.

With India's aging population on the rise, the prevalence of frailty among elderly patients undergoing major orthopedic surgeries presents a significant challenge for healthcare systems. Frailty, characterized by decreased physiological reserve and increased vulnerability to adverse health outcomes, necessitates a comprehensive approach to preoperative evaluation and care. This study aims to explore the correlation between frailty and socio-demographic variables, particularly age and gender, utilizing the Edmonton Frailty Scale (EFS) to assess frailty among elderly orthopedic surgery patients.

microRNAs in Type 1 Diabetes: Roles, Pathological Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Potential.

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by the progressive destruction of pancreatic β-cells, leading to insulin deficiency. The primary drivers of β-cell destruction in T1D involve autoimmune-mediated processes that trigger chronic inflammation and ultimately β-cell loss. Regulatory microRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in modulating these processes by regulating gene expression through post-transcriptional suppression of target mRNAs.

Deciphering the Frailty Factor: Comprehensive Insights Into Its Impact on Postoperative Complications and Recovery Among Elderly Orthopedic Surgery Patients.

Background: This single center-based prospective cohort study was conducted, on 157 patients over 60 years old patients requiring major orthopedic surgery, from June 2019 to June 2021. Frailty was assessed using the Edmonton Frailty Scale pre-operatively. Post-operative complications, ambulatory status, readmission rates, and mortality were monitored up to three months post-surgery, and statistical analysis was performed.

Conductive Textile Embedded with Bioinspired Wettability for Prolonged and Energy Efficient Thermal Management.

The design of electrically conductive textiles appears to be a promising approach to combat the existing challenge of deaths caused by severe cold climates around the globe. However, reports on the scalable fabrication of tolerant conductive textiles maintaining a low electrical resistance with an ability for unperturbed and prolonged performance are scarce. Here, a breathable and wrappable water-repellent conductive textile (water-repellent CT) with electrothermal and photothermal conversion abilities at low external voltage and in weak solar light is introduced, respectively.

Dual Roles of miR-10a-5p and miR-10b-5p as Tumor Suppressors and Oncogenes in Diverse Cancers.

Cancer is a complex genetic disorder characterized by abnormalities in both coding and regulatory non-coding RNAs. microRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulatory non-coding RNAs that modulate cancer development, functioning as both tumor suppressors and oncogenes. miRNAs play critical roles in cancer progression, influencing key processes such as initiation, promotion, and metastasis.

Metabolomics in Context of Alpha-Ketoglutarate and Lactate in Neonates with Birth Asphyxia.

Background: Neonatal birth/perinatal asphyxia is a critical condition that can adversely affect many different bodily tissues, particularly the brain; depending on duration and severity of asphyxia, leading to difficulties and lifelong disabilities. These can be avoided by early detection of the biochemical derangements and prompt intervention. Serum alpha-ketoglutarate (α-KG) and cord blood lactate have been found to be associated with birth asphyxia and may have potential to act as biomarkers for birth asphyxia.

Bilateral congenital pseudoarthrosis of the tibia: A case report and literature review.

Congenital Pseudoarthrosis of the Tibia (CPT) is a rare disease with an incidence of one in 190,000 live births. Bilateral presentation is extremely rare, and very few case reports of bilateral CPT are mentioned worldwide. Bilateral CPT has added challenges to treatment.

miR-10a/b-5p-NCOR2 Regulates Insulin-Resistant Diabetes in Female Mice.

Gender and biological sex have distinct impacts on the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Estrogen deficiency is known to predispose female mice to T2D. In our previous study, we found that a high-fat, high-sucrose diet (HFHSD) induces T2D in male mice through the miR-10b-5p/KLF11/KIT pathway, but not in females, highlighting hormonal disparities in T2D susceptibility.

An MXene-supported cobalt-MOF nanocomposite-printed electrochemical sensor with high sensitivity for blood creatinine detection in point-of-care settings.

2D MXenes have been used as electrochemical sensor materials, but their output current signal remains weak in point of care (PoC) settings. To address this issue, here we report a novel MXene-supported cobalt-MOF-based nanocomposite, which is used with a carbon black (CB) ink and 3-D printed as the CoMOF-MXene@CB layered electrode structure for the development of a sensor electrode and a PoC chip for electrochemical detection of blood creatinine with an enhanced current range, specificity, and sensitivity. The limit of detection (LOD) and sensitivity of the fabricated sensor were found to be 0.

Fasting GLP-1 Levels and Albuminuria Are Negatively Associated in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an incretin hormone known for its pivotal role in enhancing insulin secretion and reducing glucagon release from the pancreas. Diabetic nephropathy, which is characterized by albuminuria, represents a significant microvascular complication of diabetes. Most of the previous studies mainly focused on the therapeutic renal protective effect in clinical trials after the administration of GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), rather than before administration.

Peptide-triggered IL-12 and IFN-γ mediated immune response in CD4 T-cells against infection.

are intracellular, human blood parasites that cause visceral leishmaniasis or kala-azar. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) have been shown to modulate intracellular processes and cargo delivery, whereas host defense peptides (HDPs) promote proliferation of both naïve and antigen activated CD4 T-cells. We report newly designed tripeptides that were able to trigger proinflammatory cytokine (IL-12 and IFN-γ) secretion by CD4CD44 T-cells in response to infection.

Sustained Effectiveness and Safety of Therapeutic miR-10a/b in Alleviating Diabetes and Gastrointestinal Dysmotility without Inducing Cancer or Inflammation in Murine Liver and Colon.

microRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of both physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms in diabetes and gastrointestinal (GI) dysmotility. Our previous studies have demonstrated the therapeutic potential of miR-10a-5p mimic and miR-10b-5p mimic (miR-10a/b mimics) in rescuing diabetes and GI dysmotility in murine models of diabetes. In this study, we elucidated the safety profile of a long-term treatment with miR-10a/b mimics in diabetic mice.

A social profile of deaths related to sickle cell disease in India: a case for an ethical policy response.

India accounts for 14.5 percent of the global SCD newborns, roughly over 42,000 a year, second to sub-Saharan Africa. Despite the availability of cheap diagnostic and treatment options, SCD remains a largely neglected disease within healthcare policy and practice.

Methotrimeprazine is a neuroprotective antiviral in JEV infection via adaptive ER stress and autophagy.

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) pathogenesis is driven by a combination of neuronal death and neuroinflammation. We tested 42 FDA-approved drugs that were shown to induce autophagy for antiviral effects. Four drugs were tested in the JE mouse model based on in vitro protective effects on neuronal cell death, inhibition of viral replication, and anti-inflammatory effects.

Impact of ligand environment on optical, luminescence and thermometric behavior of A (PO ) :Sm (A = Ca, Sr) phosphors.

The present study investigates the impact of the ligand environment on the luminescence and thermometric behavior of Sm doped A (PO ) (A = Sr, Ca) phosphors prepared by combustion synthesis. The structural and luminescent properties of Sm ions in the phosphate lattices were investigated using powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and photoluminescence (PL) techniques. PXRD results of the synthesized phosphors exhibit the expected phases that are in agreement with their respective standards.

infection among the pediatric population at a tertiary care children's hospital in central Nepal: a retrospective study.

Background: Typhoid fever, an infective bacterial disease, is capable of causing fatal systemic infection in humans, and in an era of antimicrobial resistance, it has become of public health importance. This study aimed to investigate the laboratory diagnosis of bloodstream infection, its serotype, antimicrobial resistance pattern, and seasonal variation at a tertiary care children's hospital.

Methods: We undertook a retrospective, cross-sectional study by reviewing hospital-based laboratory records of patients whose blood culture samples were submitted from the outpatient department to the laboratory of a tertiary care children's hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal, from January 2017 to January 2019.

Adjuvantation of whole-killed Leishmania vaccine with anti-CD200 and anti-CD300a antibodies potentiates its efficacy and provides protection against wild-type parasites.

One of the major reasons behind the limited success of vaccine candidates against all forms of leishmaniasis is the inability of parasitic antigens to induce robust cell-mediated immunity and immunological memory. Here we find, for the first time, that the adjuvantation of whole-killed Leishmania vaccine (Leishvacc) with anti-CD200 and anti-CD300a antibodies enhances CD4 T cells mediated immunity in vaccinated mice and provides protection against wild-type parasites. The antibody adjuvantation, either alone or with a TLR4 agonist monophosphoryl A (MPL-A), induced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines viz.

miR-10b-5p rescues leaky gut linked with gastrointestinal dysmotility and diabetes.

Background/aim: Diabetes has substantive co-occurrence with disorders of gut-brain interactions (DGBIs). The pathophysiological and molecular mechanisms linking diabetes and DGBIs are unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of diabetes and gut dysmotility.

Lack of awareness of neurogastroenterology and motility within medical education: Time to fill the gap.

Disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI), previously referred to as functional gastrointestinal disorders, affect 40.3% of adults in the general population and are diagnosed in 34.9% of new adult referrals to secondary care gastroenterology services.