Bandage Contact Lens-Assisted Plaque Brachytherapy for Anterior Segment Tumors: A Novel Technique to Prevent Corneal Complications.

Anterior segment tumors pose challenges in treatment due to their location and potential for globe loss. Plaque brachytherapy allows globe salvage, but placing plaques over the cornea and limbus may lead to epithelial defects and ulcers. We report a novel technique using a bandage contact lens as a buffer between the plaque and cornea in a 48-year-old woman with iridociliary melanoma.

"Triple support pocket" for placing brachytherapy plaques for anterior segment tumors.

Background: Anterior segment tumors are rare tumors with limited management options. In small-sized lesions, plaque brachytherapy is advisable. The placement techniques of plaques for anterior segment tumors are completely different from the techniques for posterior segment tumors.

Lomi Lomi massage for clearing interface fluid in Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty.

Background: Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) is a popular posterior lamellar keratoplasty used to tackle corneal decompensation secondary to endothelial damage. The surgical procedure involves removing the corneal stroma, Descemet's membrane along with the affected endothelium from the host, and then transplanting the same from the donor cornea.[1] During the surgery, fluid accumulation in between the DSAEK lenticule and the host corneal stroma is common occurrence.

Artificial intelligence for advancing eye care in resource-poor settings: Assessing the predictive accuracy of an AI-model for diabetic retinopathy screening in India.

Background: Timely identification and treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is critical in avoiding vision loss. DR screening is challenging, especially in resource-limited areas where trained ophthalmologists are scarce. AI solutions show promise in addressing this challenge.

Comparative evaluation of effect of postoperative padding versus no padding after strabismus surgery.

Introduction: Padding of the eye after Strabismus surgery is a routine procedure; however, its role after surgery is not clear.

Objective: To compare postoperative pain and other physiological parameters in padded versus nonpadded eyes after strabismus surgery under general anesthesia.

Design: Prospective, randomized, observational study.

Comparison of utilization rate and graft outcomes of corneas from cadaveric donors (CDs) versus multiorgan donors (MDs).

Purpose: The purpose is to compare the utilization rate and corneal graft outcomes from multiorgan donors (MDs) versus those from cadaveric donors (CDs).

Methods: In this ambispective and observational study, 36 corneas obtained from MDs and 72 corneas from their age-matched and sex-matched voluntary donors under the Hospital Cornea Retrieval Program (HCRP) from an eye bank were assessed clinically using slit lamp and under a specular microscope for their suitability for utilization. The percent utilization for keratoplasties was noted and compared between the two donor sources as the primary outcome.

Current perspectives on infections following refractive kerato-lenticule extraction (KLex) surgery.

Refractive kerato-lenticule extraction surgery (KLex), also known as "small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE)," or "smooth incision keratomileusis" (SILK), represents a significant advancement in refractive surgery with its minimally invasive approach and impressive success rates. Despite these advancements, postoperative infectious keratitis, though rare, poses a critical challenge and profoundly impacts visual outcomes. Unlike infections following surface ablation procedures, which benefit from direct drug penetration into the site of infection, KLex and LASIK face hurdles due to the depth of infection location.

Etiology and outcomes of primary renal tubular acidosis.

Background: This study investigates the etiology, outcomes, and genotype-phenotype correlations in patients with renal tubular acidosis (RTA) at a tertiary care center in New Delhi.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included children and young adults with RTA who underwent clinical, biochemical, radiological and/or genetic evaluations between July 2020 and December 2024. We report clinical phenotype, anthropometry, metabolic control and progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD) in relation to genotype of distal RTA.

Adjunct Topical Human Immunoglobulin IgG Therapy in Dry Eye Disease.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of topical human IgG eye drops (4 mg/mL) as adjunct therapy in eyes with moderate to severe refractory dry eye disease (DED).

Methodology: A prospective, longitudinal, open label, dual cohort study of patients with chronic DED of moderate to severe grade comprise of OSIG therapy group cohort on topical immunoglobulin IgG 0.4% four times daily, as adjunctive therapy for one year, to study the role of OSIG therapy in comparison with conventional treatment.

Comparative evaluation of aqueous solution and oil emulsion formulations of 0.05% cyclosporine eye drops in dry eye disease - A randomized clinical trial.

Purpose: To compare the clinical response of patients with moderate-to-severe dry eye disease to treatment with 0.05% cyclosporine eye drops as an aqueous solution or oil emulsion.

Study Design: Prospective randomized clinical trial.

Biological topicals in ocular surface disorders.

Topical biological agents represent a significant advancement in the treatment of ocular surface diseases, offering a regenerative and therapeutic approach beyond conventional therapies. These agents are derived from serum (autologous or allogeneic), platelets, amniotic membrane, and pooled intravenous immunoglobulin. Their efficacy stems from their rich composition of growth factors, cytokines, and anti-inflammatory molecules that promote tissue healing, reduce inflammation, and enhance corneal regeneration.

Epidemiological insights into Childhood vernal keratoconjunctivitis in India: Unravelling clinical presentation and environmental influences - The EPIC VKC study - Fourth report of the ICMR EYE SEE study group.

Purpose: To study the epidemiology and clinical presentation of allergic eye diseases (AEDs) and Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis (VKC).

Methods: A cross-sectional- cum-cohort study was conducted in rural and urban areas in different geographical locations (plains, hilly, high-altitude and coastal) in India. Children (5-15 years) were included, information on exposure to environmental factors gathered, participants screened for AED and VKC on torch light, followed by a comprehensive eye examination.

Evaluation of topical 1% posaconazole therapy in refractory fungal keratitis.

Purpose: The primary objective was to evaluate the clinical response of refractory cases of fungal keratitis to topical 1% posaconazole therapy.

Methods: Prospective longitudinal non-randomized open label dual-cohort study of 70 eyes of refractory fungal keratitis, 35 were recruited as posaconazole treatment (PCZ) group for topical 1% posaconazole therapy and compared to 35 eyes on conventional antifungal therapy. Study parameters included demographic and treatment details, visual acuity, comprehensive slit-lamp biomicroscopy, clinical photography, ASOCT at recruitment and weekly (week 1, 2, 3 and 4 after treatment initiation).

Pediatric keratoconus.

Keratoconus is a common pediatric corneal disease, leading to vision impairment and amblyopia. Compared to its adult counterpart, pediatric keratoconus has an advanced presentation, rapid progression, higher incidence of complications such as corneal hydrops, and greater potential impact on the quality of life. It typically manifests during puberty and can evolve rapidly to more severe stages if left untreated.

Descemet's membrane detachment: An updated comprehensive review of etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, and management.

The Descemet membrane (DM) is the basement membrane of corneal endothelial cells, which are responsible for maintaining corneal transparency. DM detachment (DMD) can occur due to various reasons, with the most common etiology being post-surgical. Older age, blunt instruments, and faulty surgical technique predispose to the intraoperative or postoperative occurrence of DMD, and one should have a high index of suspicion for DMD in cases with unexplained or an atypical pattern of corneal edema after surgery.

Effect of topical brinzolamide on visual function and waveform in patients of infantile nystagmus syndrome: A randomized control trial.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (brinzolamide) versus placebo on visual function and waveforms in infantile nystagmus syndrome (INS).

Design: Prospective, placebo-controlled, double-blind, cross-over study.

Methods: Setting- A tertiary eye care center.

Evaluation of adjuvant role of topical cyclosporine 1% in acute Stevens-Johnson syndrome: a randomised control trial.

Purpose: To evaluate the role of topical cyclosporine A 1% (CsA) as an adjuvant therapy in patients with acute Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS).

Methods: This is a randomised controlled trial in which 44 patients (88 eyes) with acute SJS, presenting within 3 months from the onset of the disease, were enrolled and randomised. Group A (n=44 eyes) patients received treatment with topical CsA 1% along with standard therapy consisting of topical corticosteroids, antibiotics and lubricants.

Guidelines for setting up low-vision and rehabilitation services in India.

Low vision and blindness are increasing public health issues impacting individuals' quality of life. During clinical low-vision services, vision rehabilitation is crucial for enhancing daily living skills and improving life quality. Low-vision and rehabilitation (LVR) services encompass comprehensive measures that aid visually disabled individuals in restoring function, autonomy, and social participation.