CNO induced Ca store and glutamate-dependent nonspecific Ca signalling in DREADD-free brain slices.

DREADD (design receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs) is a widely used powerful tool designed to study specific cellular functions. However, off-target effects of chemogenetic activators, including clozapine N-oxide (CNO) and deschloroclozapine (DCZ), have been reported. In our study, we demonstrated the direct off-target effects of CNO and DCZ on basal Ca levels in the locus coeruleus nucleus in both neurons and astrocytes by combining viral microinjection, Ca imaging and electrophysiology.

Mn Single-Atom Photocatalyst Enables Efficient Photocatalytic Reduction of CO.

Photocatalytic conversion of CO into fuels with HO as a proton source is recognized as a promising strategy for CO utilization. However, past efforts have mainly been devoted to the CO reduction reaction and overlooked essential water dissociation that provides a proton source. Herein, the Mn/PCN-N photocatalyst with Mn-N coordination by incorporating Mn single atoms into a polymeric carbon nitride (PCN) framework endowed with nitrogen vacancies (N) is developed for CO photoreduction.

Life-Prolonging Treatment Preferences and Their Association With Health Care Utilization and End-Of-Life Experiences in Older Adults.

Background: People markedly differ in their preferences for life-prolonging treatments (LPT). We explored the association between LPT preferences and healthcare utilization and end-of-life (EOL) experiences.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from 5373 older adults in the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) linked to Medicare/Medicaid.

Fiber-Based Ultra-High-Speed Diffuse Speckle Contrast Analysis System for Deep Blood Flow Sensing Using a Large SPAD Camera.

Diffuse speckle contrast analysis (DSCA), also called speckle contrast optical spectroscopy (SCOS), has emerged as a groundbreaking optical imaging technique for tracking dynamic biological processes, including blood flow and tissue perfusion. Recent advancements in single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) cameras have unlocked exceptional sensitivity, time resolution, and high frame-rate imaging capabilities. Despite this, the application of large-format SPAD arrays in speckle contrast analysis is still relatively uncommon.