Dual-interface engineered SnO/SnP@C heterojunctions: built-in electric field-driven fast kinetics for highly reversible lithium storage.

The practical application of SnO anodes in lithium-ion batteries is fundamentally constrained by cascading challenges of structural degradation and kinetic limitations. We demonstrate a dual-interface engineering strategy through precisely controlled gas-phase phosphorization, constructing SnO/SnP heterojunctions tightly encapsulated within hierarchical carbon frameworks (SnO/SnP@C, SOPC). The SnO/SnP heterojunction generates a built-in electric field, reducing charge transfer resistance and activation energy (UPS work function: 2.

Rational construction of NiSe/FeSe heterostructures with a stable solid-electrolyte interphase film for highly durable Na-ion batteries.

Heterostructured anode materials have garnered significant attention in recent years due to their ability to optimize interfacial structures between different components. This design not only facilitates the formation of stable solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) films but also enhances the overall electrochemical performance, including battery capacity and cycle stability. In this study, a novel N-doped carbon-modified NiSe/FeSe heterostructure combined with carbon nanotubes (NC@NFS/CNTs) composite was successfully synthesized via co-precipitation and gas-phase selenization.

Homogenized Self-Assembled Molecules for Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells.

Inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have rapidly improved, driven by advancements in self-assembled molecules (SAMs). However, achieving homogeneous SAM coverage on substrates remains challenging, directly impacting device performance and stability. Here, we present (4-(pyren-1-yl)phenyl)phosphonic acid (PhPAPy), a SAM with a rigid aromatic ring structure.

An Overview and Comparison of Traditional Motion Planning Based on Rapidly Exploring Random Trees.

Motion planning is a fundamental problem in robotics that involves determining feasible or optimal paths within finite time. While complete motion planning algorithms are guaranteed to converge to a path solution in finite time, they are proven to be computationally inefficient, making them unsuitable for most practical problems. Resolution-complete algorithms, on the other hand, ensure completeness only if the resolution parameter is sufficiently fine, but they suffer severely from the curse of dimensionality.

Order-Disorder Transition Induced Dynamic Rashba Effect in 2D Halide Perovskites.

Two-dimensional (2D) hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites exhibit pronounced Rashba splitting, positioning them as promising candidates for spintronic applications. However, the underlying mechanism of inversion symmetry breaking and its impact on excitonic optical properties remains elusive. In this study, we investigate a series of 2D Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites and reveal that the order-disorder transition induced by phenyl-based cations triggers a dynamic Rashba effect.

Simulation study of freeway work zone scenes for autonomous driving using Simulink and PreScan.

To solve the problem of high traffic accident rates in freeway work zones, an in-depth analysis of freeway work zone scenes under an autonomous driving environment was conducted, and traffic conflicts in work zones were analyzed, as were warning areas and upstream transition areas, which are the key road sections where the most potential conflicts occur. Using the National Vehicle Accident In-depth Investigation System (NAIS) database, representative accident cases were selected and studied for various work zones, and specific scenes of the work zone were summarized accordingly. A joint simulation platform was constructed using PreScan and Simulink software, and the behaviors of the main vehicle with lane changes and without lane changes were simulated.

Manipulating perovskite structural asymmetry for high-performing self-powered full-stokes polarimetry.

Developing direct full-stokes imaging polarimetry is essential for various applications but remains challenging. Perovskites have superior optoelectronic properties and structural diversity, making them ideal candidates for high-performing direct full-stokes polarimetry. However, perovskite suffers low chiroptical activity due to inefficient chiral transfer, which greatly limits its circular-polarization-vector discrimination.

Interface Energy-Level Reorganization for Efficient Perovskite γ-Ray Detectors.

Metal halide perovskites are promising candidates for gamma-ray (γ-ray) spectrum detectors. However, achieving high-resolution energy spectra in single-photon pulse-height analysis mode remains challenging, due to the inevitable leakage currents degrade the recognizable fingerprint energies which is critical for resolving γ-ray spectroscopy. We demonstrate under high bias voltage, a deficient contact barrier can lead to excessive surface charge injection, thereby increasing leakage current from electrodes to perovskites.

Uniaxial-Oriented Chiral Perovskite for Flexible Full-Stokes Polarimeter.

Full-Stokes polarization detection, with high integration and portability, offers an efficient path toward next-gen multi-information optoelectronic systems. Nevertheless, current techniques relying on optical filters create rigid and bulky configurations, limiting practicality. Here, a flexible, filter-less full-Stokes polarimeter featuring a uniaxial-oriented chiral perovskite film is first reported.

Carsim-based simulation study on the performances of raised speed deceleration facilities under different profiles.

Objective: Studying the optimal profile shape and size of deceleration facilities suitable for low-speed environment roads under different speed control intervals.

Methods: Simulation modeling of deceleration facilities with various profile shapes and sizes and for vehicles in different speed intervals was performed using the vehicle dynamics simulation software Carsim. The height jumped by a vehicle's wheels, the vertical force on the wheels, and the vertical acceleration of the vehicle were used as indicators of ride comfort and operational stability for the various deceleration facility profiles.

Structure-Guided Approaches for Enhanced Spin-Splitting in Chiral Perovskite.

Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites with diverse lattice structures and chemical composition provide an ideal material platform for novel functionalization, including chirality transfer. Chiral perovskites combine organic and inorganic sublattices, therefore encoding the structural asymmetry into the electronic structures and giving rise to the spin-splitting effect. From a structural chemistry perspective, the magnitude of the spin-splitting effect crucially depends on the noncovalent and electrostatic interaction within the chiral perovskite, which induces the local site and long-range bulk inversion symmetry breaking.

System pharmacology-based determination of the functional components and mechanisms in chronic heart failure treatment: an example of Zhenwu decoction.

Chronic heart failure (CHF) is the primary cause of death among patients with cardiovascular diseases, representing the advanced stage in the development of several cardiovascular conditions. Zhenwu decoction (ZWD) has gained widespread recognition as an efficacious remedy for CHF due to its potent therapeutic properties and absence of adverse effects. Nevertheless, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying its actions remain elusive.

A Metabolic Driven Bio-Responsive Hydrogel Loading Psoralen for Therapy of Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Overexpressed matrix metalloproteinases, hypoxia microenvironment, and metabolic abnormality are important pathological signs of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Designing a delivery carrier according to the pathological characteristics of RA that can control drug release in response to disease severity may be a promising treatment strategy. Psoralen is the main active ingredient isolated from Psoralea corylifolia L.

Uncovering Hidden Mechanisms of Different Prescriptions Treatment for Osteoporosis Novel Bioinformatics Model and Experiment Validation.

Osteoporosis (OP) is a systemic disease susceptible to fracture due to the decline of bone mineral density and bone mass, the destruction of bone tissue microstructure, and increased bone fragility. At present, the treatments of OP mainly include bisphosphonates, hormone therapy, and RANKL antibody therapy. However, these treatments have observable side effects and cannot fundamentally improve bone metabolism.

Characteristics of negative DC discharge in a wire-cylinder configuration under coal pyrolysis gas components at high temperatures.

This work aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of negative DC discharge under coal pyrolysis gas components (CO, H, N, CH, CO) and air. The characteristics of negative DC discharge were studied in a wire-cylinder configuration at an ambient temperature range of 20-600 °C by analyzing - characteristics, discharge photographs, and gas composition. With increasing temperature, corona onset voltage, spark breakdown voltage and operational voltage range for corona discharge decrease, but discharge current and electron current ratio increase.