Electroacupuncture improves cerebral blood flow in vascular cognitive impairment mice by activating the locus coeruleus - prefrontal cortex circuit.

The locus coeruleus (LC) - prefrontal cortex (PFC) circuit is critical for maintaining cognitive function. Our previous studies have shown that acupuncture effectively improves cognitive function in vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). However, the mechanisms of acupuncture in treating VCI, especially its effect on neural circuits, remain poorly understood.

Comprehensive evaluation of plasma tau biomarkers for detecting and monitoring Alzheimer's disease in a multicenter and multiethnic aging population.

Over 20% of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) worldwide are Chinese, although the efficacy of existing blood-based measures of AD biomarkers is largely unknown in Asian cohorts. Here we explored how plasma tau biomarkers correlated with cross-sectional and longitudinal AD-related outcomes and their diagnostic performance in 1,085 participants from three independent studies, including two Chinese cohorts, Greater-Bay-Area Healthy Aging Brain Study (n = 425) and Huashan (n = 297), and the North American Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative cohort (n = 363). Plasma p-tau217 performed best in classifying Aβ-positron emission tomography (PET) and tau-PET positivity throughout the AD continuum and correlated with all AD-related outcomes.

The Unusual Actinotigum schaalii (Formerly Named Actinobaculum schaalii) Bacteremia.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate unusual case reports about Actinotigum schaalii (A. schaalii) bacteremia patients in the past 20 years.

Methods: A retrospective review of A.

Higher plasma soluble TREM2 correlates with reduced cerebral tau accumulation in Alzheimer's disease.

Loss-of-function mutation of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell 2 (TREM2) is associated with increased risks for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent animal studies reveal that the activation of peripheral TREM2 signaling may affect cerebral β-amyloid (Aβ) and tau aggregates. However, the underlying relationship between peripheral TREM2 and brain AD pathology has not yet been well-elucidated in the aging population.

Dual discriminator GAN-based synthetic crop disease image generation for precise crop disease identification.

Deep learning-based computer vision technology significantly improves the accuracy and efficiency of crop disease detection. However, the scarcity of crop disease images leads to insufficient training data, limiting the accuracy of disease recognition and the generalization ability of deep learning models. Therefore, increasing the number and diversity of high-quality disease images is crucial for enhancing disease monitoring performance.

Electroacupuncture improves cerebral blood flow in pMCAO rats during acute phase via promoting leptomeningeal collaterals.

Perfusion through leptomeningeal collateral vessels is a likely pivotal factor in the outcome of ischemic stroke patients. Acupuncture has been reported to restore cerebral blood flow (CBF) after acute ischemic stroke, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. This study aimed to examine whether electroacupuncture (EA) could improve CBF following an acute ischemic injury by regulating leptomeningeal collaterals.

Educational attainment, Aβ, tau, and structural brain reserve in Alzheimer's disease.

Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients with higher educational attainment (EA) often exhibit better cognitive function. However, the relationship among EA status, AD pathology, structural brain reserve, and cognitive decline requires further investigation.

Methods: We compared cognitive performance across different amyloid beta (Aβ) positron emission tomography (A ±) statuses and EA levels (High EA/Low EA).

DLBWE-Cys: a deep-learning-based tool for identifying cysteine S-carboxyethylation sites using binary-weight encoding.

Cysteine S-carboxyethylation, a novel post-translational modification (PTM), plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, particularly ankylosing spondylitis. Accurate identification of S-carboxyethylation modification sites is essential for elucidating their functional mechanisms. Unfortunately, there are currently no computational tools that can accurately predict these sites, posing a significant challenge to this area of research.

Plasma N-terminal tau fragment is an amyloid-dependent biomarker in Alzheimer's disease.

Introduction: Novel fluid biomarkers for tracking neurodegeneration specific to Alzheimer's disease (AD) are greatly needed.

Methods: Using two independent well-characterized cohorts (n = 881 in total), we investigated the group differences in plasma N-terminal tau (NT1-tau) fragments across different AD stages and their association with cross-sectional and longitudinal amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques, tau tangles, brain atrophy, and cognitive decline.

Results: Plasma NT1-tau significantly increased in symptomatic AD and displayed positive associations with Aβ PET (positron emission tomography) and tau PET.

Astrocyte reactivity is associated with tau tangle load and cortical thinning in Alzheimer's disease.

Background: It is not fully established whether plasma β-amyloid(Aβ)/Aβ and phosphorylated Tau (p-Tau) can effectively detect Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathophysiology in older Chinese adults and how these biomarkers correlate with astrocyte reactivity, Aβ plaque deposition, tau tangle aggregation, and neurodegeneration.

Methods: We recruited 470 older adults and analyzed plasma Aβ/Aβ, p-Tau, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and neurofilament light (NfL) using the Simoa platform. Among them, 301, 195, and 70 underwent magnetic resonance imaging, Aβ and tau positron emission tomography imaging.

EasyNAT MTC Assay: a Rapid Method to Detect Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in Respiratory Specimens.

Background: This study aimed to effectively evaluate the diagnostic performance of the EasyNAT Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) assay for tuberculosis (TB) detection from sputum.

Methods: The retrospectively analyzed data was collected from September 1, 2021, to November 1, 2023, in our hospital.

Results: Forty EasyNAT-positive sputum specimens were simultaneously detected using the GeneXpert MTB/ rifampicin (RIF) assay.

A decentralized federated learning-based cancer survival prediction method with privacy protection.

Background: Survival prediction is one of the crucial goals in precision medicine, as accurate survival assessment can aid physicians in selecting appropriate treatment for individual patients. To achieve this aim, extensive data must be utilized to train the prediction model and prevent overfitting. However, the collection of patient data for disease prediction is challenging due to potential variations in data sources across institutions and concerns regarding privacy and ownership issues in data sharing.

Pathophysiology characterization of Alzheimer's disease in South China's aging population: for the Greater-Bay-Area Healthy Aging Brain Study (GHABS).

Introduction: The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater-Bay-Area of South China has an 86 million population and faces a significant challenge of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the characteristics and prevalence of AD in this area are still unclear due to the rarely available community-based neuroimaging AD cohort.

Methods: Following the standard protocols of the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, the Greater-Bay-Area Healthy Aging Brain Study (GHABS) was initiated in 2021.

A High-Fat-Diet-Induced Microbiota Imbalance Correlates with Oxidative Stress and the Inflammatory Response in the Gut of Freshwater Drum ().

Lipids are critical nutrients for aquatic animals, and excessive or insufficient lipid intake can lead to physiological disorders, which further affect fish growth and health. In aquatic animals, the gut microbiota has an important regulatory role in lipid metabolism. However, the effects of a high-fat diet on physical health and microbiota diversity in the gut of freshwater drum () are unclear.

Integrated 'omics analysis for the gut microbiota response to moxibustion in a rat model of chronic fatigue syndrome.

Objective: To observe the efficacy of moxibustion in the treatment of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and explore the effects on gut microbiota and metabolic profiles.

Methods: Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to control group (Con), CFS model group (Mod, established by multiple chronic stress for 35 d), MoxA group (CFS model with moxibustion Shenque (CV8) and Guanyuan (CV4), 10 min/d, 28 d) and MoxB group (CFS model with moxibustion Zusanli (ST36), 10 min/d, 28 d). Open-field test (OFT) and Morris-water-maze test (MWMT) were determined for assessment the CFS model and the therapeutic effects of moxibustion.

LncRNA-protein interaction prediction with reweighted feature selection.

LncRNA-protein interactions are ubiquitous in organisms and play a crucial role in a variety of biological processes and complex diseases. Many computational methods have been reported for lncRNA-protein interaction prediction. However, the experimental techniques to detect lncRNA-protein interactions are laborious and time-consuming.

Association of APOE-ε4 and GAP-43-related presynaptic loss with β-amyloid, tau, neurodegeneration, and cognitive decline.

Apolipoprotein E-ε4 (APOE-ε4) carriers had elevated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) presynaptic protein growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43), but the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. We investigated how the APOE-ε4 genotype affects the baseline and longitudinal changes in CSF GAP-43 and their associations with β-amyloid positron emission tomography (Aβ PET), CSF phosphorylated tau 181 (p-Tau), neurodegeneration, and cognitive decline. Compared to APOE-ε4 non-carriers, APOE-ε4 carriers had higher baseline levels and faster rates of increases in Aβ PET, CSF p-Tau, and CSF GAP-43.

Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Signaling-Mediated 13-S-Hydroxyoctadecenoic Acid Is Involved in Lipid Metabolic Disorder and Oxidative Stress in the Liver of Freshwater Drum, .

The appropriate level of dietary lipids is essential for the nutrient requirements, rapid growth, and health maintenance of aquatic animals, while excessive dietary lipid intake will lead to lipid deposition and affect fish health. However, the symptoms of excessive lipid deposition in the liver of freshwater drums () remain unclear. In this study, a 4-month rearing experiment feeding with high-fat diets and a 6-week starvation stress experiment were conducted to evaluate the physiological alteration and underlying mechanism associated with lipid deposition in the liver of .

Improving Mortality Risk Prediction with Routine Clinical Data: A Practical Machine Learning Model Based on eICU Patients.

Purpose: Mortality risk prediction helps clinicians make better decisions in patient healthcare. However, existing severity scoring systems or algorithms used in intensive care units (ICUs) often rely on laborious manual collection of complex variables and lack sufficient validation in diverse clinical environments, thus limiting their practical applicability. This study aims to evaluate the performance of machine learning models that utilize routinely collected clinical data for short-term mortality risk prediction.

AFEI: adaptive optimized vertical federated learning for heterogeneous multi-omics data integration.

Vertical federated learning has gained popularity as a means of enabling collaboration and information sharing between different entities while maintaining data privacy and security. This approach has potential applications in disease healthcare, cancer prognosis prediction, and other industries where data privacy is a major concern. Although using multi-omics data for cancer prognosis prediction provides more information for treatment selection, collecting different types of omics data can be challenging due to their production in various medical institutions.

Research progress on central mechanism of acupuncture treatment for chronic fatigue syndrome.

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a neurological disorder characterized by extreme fatigue that lasts for a long time and doesn't alleviate with rest. The number of the cases has been increasing during the era of COVID-19 pandemic. Acupuncture may have some effect on chronic fatigue syndrome, but its mechanism remains unclear.

Association of -ε4, Osteoarthritis, β-Amyloid, and Tau Accumulation in Primary Motor and Somatosensory Regions in Alzheimer Disease.

Background And Objectives: One of the most prevalent chronic diseases, osteoarthritis (OA), may work in conjunction with -ε4 to accelerate Alzheimer disease (AD) alterations, particularly in the primary motor (precentral) and somatosensory (postcentral) cortices. To understand the reasoning behind this, we investigated how OA and -ε4 influence the accumulation of β-amyloid (Aβ) and tau accumulation in primary motor and somatosensory regions in Aβ-positive (Aβ+) older individuals.

Methods: We selected Aβ+ Alzheimer Disease Neuroimaging Initiative participants, defined by baseline F-florbetapir (FBP) Aβ PET standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) of AD summary cortical regions, who had longitudinal Aβ PET, the records of OA medical history, and -ε4 genotyping.

Validation and Functional Analysis of Reference and Tissue-Specific Genes in Adipose Tissue of Freshwater Drum, , under Starvation and Hypothermia Stress.

Adipose tissue is critical to the growth, development, and physiological health of animals. Reference genes play an essential role in normalizing the expression of mRNAs. Tissue-specific genes are preferred for their function and expression in specific tissues or cell types.

Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis in Female Outpatients, 2017 - 2021.

Background: The latest region-specific panel of mycoplasma species is often crucial for providing insights into local mycoplasma epidemiology and updating clinical practice guidance.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed reports of 4,166 female outpatients detected by the mycoplasma identification verification and antibiotic susceptibility kit from the last five years.

Results: Among them, > 73.