Average irradiance and polarization properties of a radially or azimuthally polarized beam in a turbulent atmosphere.

Analytical formulas are derived for the average irradiance and the degree of polarization of a radially or azimuthally polarized doughnut beam (PDB) propagating in a turbulent atmosphere by adopting a beam coherence-polarization matrix. It is found that the radial or azimuthal polarization structure of a radially or azimuthally PDB will be destroyed (i.e.

The general astigmatic matter wave.

A new sort of matter wave with the general astigmatism is proposed, whose orientation of the phase front and the density profile are crossed. A generalized ABCD law is developed to treat the evolution of the general astigmatic matter wave. It is revealed that two "cylindrical lens" pulses with oblique orientations can bring general astigmatism to the matter wave.

[Study on enzyme-assisted extraction of polysaccharides from Dioscorea opposita].

Objective: To extract polysaccharides from Dioscorea opposita by alpha-amylase and ultrasound.

Method: The optimum condition of enzyme-assisted extraction has been obtained through orthogonal test according to the yield of polysaccharides.

Result: A higher yield of polysaccharides was achieved at 55 degrees C, pH 5.

Phase I trial of escalating-dose cisplatin with 5-fluorouracil and concurrent radiotherapy in Chinese patients with esophageal cancer.

We defined the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) of chemoradiotherapy (cisplatin (CDDP) with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and concurrent chemoradiotherapy) for Chinese patients with esophageal cancer. Twenty-one previously untreated patients with primary esophageal cancer were entered into this study. Escalating doses of CDDP with 5-FU were administered in a modified Fibonacci sequence, with concurrent conventional fractionation radiotherapy (CFR) of 60 Gy or 50 Gy.

Fractional Fourier transform for partially coherent Gaussian-Schell model beams.

The fractional Fourier transform (FRT) is applied to partially coherent twisted anisotropic Gaussian-Schell model (GSM) beams based directly on the cross-spectral density. An analytical and concise formula is derived for the cross-spectral density of partially coherent twisted anisotropic GSM beams passing through a FRT system in terms of the tensor method. The corresponding tensor ABCD law for performing a FRT is obtained.

Tensor ABCD law for partially coherent twisted anisotropic Gaussian-Schell model beams.

A 4 x 4 complex curvature tensor M>(-1) is introduced to describe partially coherent anisotropic Gaussian-Schell model (GSM) beams. An analytical propagation formula for the cross-spectral density of partially coherent anisotropic GSM beams is derived. The propagation law of M(-1) that is also derived may be called partially coherent tensor ABCD law.

[Eye acupuncture for treatment of renal and ureteral colic].

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effect of eye acupuncture on renal and ureteral colic induced by ureterolith.

Methods: One hundred and eighty cases were randomly divided into an eye acupuncture group (n=90), a Morphine group (n=40) and a Bucinnazine group (n=50). The eye acupuncture group were treated with acupuncture at eye acupoints for killing pain, the Morphine group with intramuscular injection of Morphine and Atropine, and the Bucinnazine group with intramuscular injection of Bucinnazine and Atropine.

Optical solitons in a silicon waveguide.

We observe, for the first time to our knowledge, the formation of optical solitons inside a short silicon waveguide (only 5 mm long) at subpicojoule pulse energy levels. We measure a significant spectral narrowing in the anomalous-dispersion regime of such a waveguide, in contrast to all previous reported experiments. The extent of spectral narrowing depends on the carrier wavelength of input pulses, and the observed spectrum broadens in the normal-dispersion region.

[Comparative study of extraction of corn stigma polysaccharide].

Objective: To study enzyme treatment, transonic and a combination of the two processes for the extraction of corn stigma polysaccharide.

Methods: Enzyme and ultrasound-assisted extraction conditions were optimized respectively through orthogonal test. A combination of the two methods was investigated.

Soliton fission and supercontinuum generation in silicon waveguides.

We show through numerical simulations that silicon waveguides can be used to create a supercontinuum extending over 400 nm by launching femtosecond pulses as higher-order solitons. The physical process behind continuum generation is related to soliton fission, self-phase modulation, and generation of Cherenkov radiation. In contrast with optical fibers, stimulated Raman scattering plays little role.

Subcycle pulsed focused vector beams.

An accurate description of a subcycle pulsed beam (SCPB) is presented based on the complex-source model. The fields are exact solutions of Maxwell's equations and applicable to a focused pulsed beam with a pulse duration down to and below one cycle of the carrier wave and with arbitrary polarization state. Depending on the pulse duration, the pulse is blueshifted, and its wings are chirped.

[Comparison of radiography and magnetic resonance imaging in detecting arthropathies in patients with hemophilia].

Objective: To compare magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and radiography in detecting arthropathies in patients with hemophilia.

Methods: Of 41 symptomatic joint images in the 14 patients with hemophilia, each joint was examined with both radiography and MRI within the same day. Imaging findings with both two modes were compared.

2-Anilino-4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidinium chloro-acetate.

In the crystal structure of the title compound, C(12)H(14)N(3) (+)·C(2)H(2)ClO(2) (-), the chloro-acetate anion is linked to the N-(4,6-dimethyl-pyrimidin-2-yl)aniline cation by N-H⋯O hydrogen bonding. Within the cation, the pyrimidine ring is twisted with respect to the phenyl ring by a dihedral angle of 7.59 (4)°.

An omnidirectional M-mode echocardiography system and its clinical application.

This paper introduces the omnidirectional M-mode echocardiography (OME), which can detect dynamic information from sequential echocardiography images. The method for detecting dynamic information is based on the rebuilding of their "gray (position)-time" function [Qiang L, Wenjing J, Li Z. A method for detecting dynamic information of sequential images--omnidirectional gray-time waveform and its applications in echocardiography images.

[The influence of soybean isoflavone on expression of low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) mRNA in ovariectomied rats].

Objective: To investigate the effect of soybean isoflavone on blood lipid and the expression of LDLR mRNA in ovariectomied rats.

Methods: Forty eight Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into four groups: Sham group (sham), OVX group (OVX), OVX + gemifibrozil (G) group (OVX + G) and OVX + isoflavone (ISO) group (OVX_ISO). in which the rats were treated with G or ISO for three months starting from two weeks after both sides of rat' s ovarietomy.

Ultrabroadband parametric generation and wavelength conversion in silicon waveguides.

We show that ultrabroadband parametric generation and wavelength conversion can be realized in silicon waveguides in the wavelength region near 1550 nm by tailoring their zero-dispersion wavelength and launching pump wave close to this wavelength. We quantify the impact of two-photon absorption, free-carrier generation, and linear losses on the process of parametric generation and show that it is difficult to realize a net signal gain and transparent wavelength conversion with a continuous-wave pump. By investigating the transient dynamics of the four-wave mixing process initiated with a pulsed pump, we show that the instantaneous nature of electronic response enables highly efficient parametric amplification and wavelength conversion for pump pulses as wide as 1 ns.

Coincidence subwavelength fractional Fourier transform.

The coincidence subwavelength fractional Fourier transforms (FRTs) with entangled photon pairs and incoherent light radiation are introduced as an extension of the recently introduced coincidence FRT. Optical systems for implementing the coincidence subwavelength FRTs are designed. The width of the coincidence subwavelength FRT pattern is two times narrower than the width of the coincidence FRT.

[Initial radiographic manifestations in patients with SARS].

Objective: To observe initial radiographic manifestations and evaluate its value for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS).

Methods: Initial chest radiographs of 79 patients, 15 to 69 years old (mean age 34.1 years, 40 men and 39 women), were retrospectively reviewed in the study.

Broadly tunable femtosecond parametric oscillator using a photonic crystal fiber.

Pulses as short as 460 fs and a tuning range as wide as 200 nm around 1 microm have been achieved from a photonic-crystal-fiber-based parametric oscillator. The ring cavity with only 65 cm of photonic crystal fiber is synchronously pumped with a tunable passively mode-locked Yb-doped fiber laser. Widely extended tunability is achieved by using the modulation instability gain in normal dispersion as the result of high-order dispersion in the photonic crystal fiber.

Electro-acupuncture treatment for the upper segment ureterolithiasis under B-ultrasonography.

In order to explore the effects of the local strong stimulation generated by electro-acupuncture for treatment of the upper segment ureterolithiasis, a controlled study was carried out among the treatment group (electro-acupuncture with strong stimulation), the control group I (medication) and the control group II (conventional acupuncture). The results showed that the differences in the cure rate and the total effective rate between the treatment group and the two control groups were significant in statistical analysis (P<0.05 and P<0.

[Effect of age on the precision of dual X-ray absorptiometry measurement in middle-aged and elderly women].

Objective: To investigate whether age influence the precision of dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measurement at the hip in middle-aged and elderly women.

Methods: Totally 90 women were randomly selected and divided into three age groups: 45-55 years, 56-65 years, and 66-75 years. Each age group contained 30 women.

[Correlation between prevalent and incident osteoporotic vertebral fractures in Beijing male elderly].

Objective: To investigate the correlation between prevalent and incident osteoporotic vertebral fractures in Beijing male elderly.

Methods: Roentgenography of the thoracic and lumber vertebrae (T4-L4) and dual X-ray absorptiometry at the lumber spine (L2-4) and proximal femur (neck, greater trochanter, and Ward's triangle) were conducted so as to observe the vertebrae and measure the bone density upon 271 Beijing men, aged 72 +/- 6 (63.1 - 92.

Partially coherent flat-topped beam and its propagation.

A partially coherent beam with flat-topped profile is proposed. The cross-spectral density of this beam can be expressed as a finite series of the cross-spectral density of partially coherent Gaussian-Schell-model beams with different parameters. Analytical propagation formulas for partially coherent flat-topped beams are derived through aligned and misaligned optical systems.

Propagation of coherent and partially coherent pulses through one-dimensional photonic crystals.

The propagation of coherent and partially coherent light pulses through a one-dimensional photonic crystal ( 1DPC ) is investigated. The dependence of the evolution of the pulses inside the 1DPC on incident angles and the effect of the coherence of the pulses on the propagation properties are discussed. The evolution of a pulse inside the 1DPC is affected by the coherence of the pulse.