Enzymatic mechanism of polystyrene biodegradation: key depolymerization enzymes in the Stenotrophomonas maltophilia sp. ZSL2493.

Annual global plastic waste exceeds 287 million tonnes, devastating ecosystems and health. As a promising solution, yellow mealworm larvae have shown the ability to degrade plastics. In this study, we explored the regional characteristics of the yellow mealworm and isolated a novel enteric bacterium, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia ZSL2493, from the intestinal tract of yellow mealworm larvae, which achieved a biodegradation efficiency of 14.

How can dropwise condensation be achieved on superhydrophobic nanocones?

The condensation of jumping droplets on superhydrophobic surfaces has garnered significant interest because of its potential to enhance heat transfer efficiency. Among the various nano- and micro-structures, nanocone arrays have emerged as particularly effective in promoting dropwise condensation. However, the critical role of nanoconical structures and the material properties required to achieve robust dropwise condensation, essential for enhancing heat transfer, remain to be understood.

Molecular Mechanism of Body Color Change in the Ecological Seedling Breeding Model of .

The mismatch between the rapid expansion of breeding scale and outdated techniques has hindered the development of the sea cucumber () industry. Our previous work revealed that ecological seedling breeding can produce red-colored , a phenotype not observed in traditional artificial breeding, where individuals are typically green. To investigate the molecular and genetic basis of this novel red coloration, we compared the growth conditions of red sea cucumbers and green sea cucumbers, as well as the differences in the pigment composition, gene expression and metabolites of their body walls.

Enhancing cardiac hemodynamic and pulsatility in heart failure via deep reinforcement learning: An in-silico and in-vitro validation study of percutaneous ventricular assist devices.

Background And Objective: Percutaneous ventricular assist devices (pVADs) are critical for bridging heart failure (HF) patients to recovery or transplantation, yet existing control strategies-constant speed control and preprogrammed pulsatile control-lack adaptability to dynamic physiological variations, leading to reduced pulsatility and hemodynamic mismatch. This study proposes a deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based adaptive control framework to optimize pVAD performance. The goal is to restore physiological pulsatile hemodynamics while autonomously adjusting to different HF conditions, heart rate fluctuations, and intra-cycle ejection phase variability.

Linear-light-controlled reverse electron transfer in a 3-D pyromelliticdiimide-based photo-/thermochromic cadmium(II) coordination polymer.

The implementation of linear-light-controlled reverse electron transfer (ET) of photo-/thermo-induced chromic materials is of great importance for practical applications but remains challenging. In this work, a novel three-dimensional (3-D) bifunctional photo-/thermochromic cadmium(II) coordination polymer (CP) was developed, in which the reverse ET can be triggered by conventional linear visible light. The switching between the forward and reverse ET reactions involving photochromism and thermochromism could be repeated more than 120 times and 20 times, respectively.

The Modulation of Photoinduced Intermolecular Electron Transfer in Naphthalenediimide-Based Photochromic Coordination Polymers.

The controllability of photoinduced intermolecular electron transfer (PIET) of coordination polymers (CPs) with photochromic performance is of great significance and continues to present a challenge. Here, two naphthalenediimide (NDI)-based photochromic CPs, [Ca(CENDI)(HO)(DMF)] () and [Ca(CPNDI)(HO)] () (HCENDI = ,'-bis(carboxyethyl)-naphthalenediimide and HCPNDI = ,'-bis(carboxypropyl)-naphthalenediimide), were obtained via the integration of HCENDI/HCPNDI with Ca ions, respectively. Interestingly, structural transformation of a single crystal was realized (i.

Chicken interferon-induced transmembrane proteins inhibit Newcastle disease virus infection by affecting viral entry and W protein expression.

Interferon-induced transmembrane proteins (IFITMs) are essential components of the innate immune system, demonstrating potent resistance to various enveloped viruses (such as influenza, West Nile, and dengue viruses) both in laboratory settings and in living organisms. Newcastle disease (ND), resulting from Newcastle disease virus (NDV), is a severe avian viral ailment with notable economic impact due to its significant mortality and morbidity rates. On the basis of the efficient antiviral effects of IFITMs, an in-depth study of the role and mechanism of NDV inhibition by chicken IFITMs (chIFITMs) is highly important for the prevention and control of this disease.

Hydrogen Incorporation Selectively Modulates the Catalytic Performance of Pd Nanozymes for Cascade-Catalytic Tumor Therapy.

Pd-based nanozymes have emerged as promising alternatives to natural enzymes, but their application is still constrained due to suboptimal activity and poor specificity. As efficient hydrogen storage nanomaterials, the specific implications of implanted hydrogen on the enzyme-mimicking activity of Pd-based nanomaterials remain largely uninvestigated. In this study, we discovered that hydrogenation process significantly enhances the enzyme-like activity of Pd-based nanomaterials, although reaction specificity varies in dependence on the synthetic route of Pd hydrides.

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Can Modulate Brain Complexity and Connectivity in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Insights from Entropy Analysis.

The core characteristics of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are atypical neurodevelopmental disorders. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), as a non-invasive brain stimulation technique, has been applied in the treatment of various neurodevelopmental disorders. Entropy analysis methods can quantitatively describe the complexity of EEG signals and information transfer.

Enhancing Visual Reasoning with LLM-Powered Knowledge Graphs for Visual Question Localized-Answering in Robotic Surgery.

Expert surgeons often have heavy workloads and cannot promptly respond to queries from medical students and junior doctors about surgical procedures. Thus, research on Visual Question Localized-Answering in Surgery (Surgical-VQLA) is essential to assist medical students and junior doctors in understanding surgical scenarios. Surgical-VQLA aims to generate accurate answers and locate relevant areas in the surgical scene, requiring models to identify and understand surgical instruments, operative organs, and procedures.

The effects of neurofeedback training on behavior and brain functional networks in children with autism spectrum disorder.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with an unclear pathogenesis to date. Neurofeedback (NFB) had shown therapeutic effects in patients with ASD. In this study,we analyzed the brain functional networks of children with ASD and investigated the impact of NFB targeting the beta rhythm training on these networks.

Association of Preoperative Serum Potassium With Postoperative Seizures in Patients Undergoing Elective Craniotomy.

Background And Objectives: Patients who undergo craniotomy are at risk of developing seizures during the postoperative period. Preoperative serum potassium as an important potential risk factor has not been investigated yet.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study involving adults undergoing elective craniotomy at West China Hospital, from January 2011 and March 2021.

Characterization of hemicellulose in sacred lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaetn.) petiole during xylogenesis.

Hemicelluloses play a crucial role in connecting cellulose and lignin within the plant cell wall and find extensive biotechnological applications. There is a notable gap in research concerning the hemicellulose from Nelumbo nucifera, the basal eudicot adapted to aquatic environments. To fill this gap, hemicellulose characteristics from the apical to the basal segments of petioles from 4-month-old N.

Exploring the Challenges of Learning and Teaching Chinese/Mandarin Language at Higher Education Institutes: Voices from Non-Chinese Speaker Teachers and Learners.

Chinese/Mandarin language teaching to undergraduate students from non-Chinese speaker countries has garnered significant attention due to China's pivotal role in global political and economic transformations. Mandarin, spoken by 70% of the Chinese population, is not only taught within China but also in several other countries. However, similar to teaching any second or foreign language, instructing Mandarin comes with its share of challenges, which, to the best of our knowledge, have not been thoroughly explored.

Local and Noninvasive Glyco-Virus Checkpoint Nanoblockades Restrict Sialylation for Prolonged Broad-Spectrum Epidemic Virus Therapy.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has driven major advances in virus research. The role of glycans in viral infection has been revealed, with research demonstrating that terminal sialic acids are key receptors during viral attachment and infection into host cells. However, there is an urgent demand for universal tools to study the mechanism of sialic acids in viral infections, as well as to develop therapeutic agents against epidemic viruses through the downregulation of terminal sialic acid residues on glycans acting as a glyco-virus checkpoint to accelerate virus clearance.

The multifunctional roles of the extracellular matrix in the sessile life of the zygnematophyte Penium margaritaceum: stick, glide and cluster.

Adhesion and consequent adoption of a sessile habit is a common feature of many green algae and was likely a key mechanism in terrestrialization by an ancient zygnematophyte (i.e., the Zygnematophyceae, the group of algae ancestral to land plants).

A G3P[3] bat rotavirus can infect cultured human cholangiocytes and cause biliary atresia symptom in suckling mice.

• Bat rotavirus strain MSLH14 (G3P[3]) can infect human cholangiocytes . • MSLH14 can cause suckling mice biliary atresia symptom, indicating potential public health risks. • MSLH14 have the potential for establishing a biliary atresia animal model.

Can Rice Growth Substrate Substitute Rapeseed Growth Substrate in Rapeseed Blanket Seedling Technology? Lesson from Reactive Oxygen Species Production and Scavenging Analysis.

Rapeseed ( L.) seedlings suffering from inappropriate growth substrate stress will present poor seedling quality. However, the regulatory mechanism for the production and scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) caused by this type of stress remains unclear.

Association of Postoperative Hypoglycemia With Mortality After Elective Craniotomy.

Background And Objectives: Hypoglycemia is a known risk of intensive postoperative glucose control in neurosurgical patients. However, the impact of postoperative hypoglycemia after craniotomy remains unexplored. This study aimed to determine the association between postoperative hypoglycemia and mortality in patients undergoing elective craniotomy.

Association of high fibrinogen to albumin ratio with long-term mortality in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage.

Background: The association between fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR) and in-hospital mortality in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has been established. However, the association with long-term mortality in spontaneous ICH remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the association between FAR and long-term mortality in these patients.

Association Between Postoperative Decrease of Albumin and Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Craniotomy for Brain Tumors.

Background: Serum albumin reflects nutritional status and is associated with postoperative complications and mortality. Delta albumin (ΔAlb), defined as the difference between preoperative and lowest postoperative levels, could predict complications and mortality, even with postoperative levels above 30 g/L prompting albumin infusions. This study aimed to assess how ΔAlb relates to outcomes in craniotomy patients with brain tumors.

Association between perioperative change in red cell distribution width and mortality in patients with brain tumor craniotomy.

Objective: An elevated preoperative red cell distribution width (RDW) is associated with adverse prognostic outcomes in various diseases. However, the correlation between changes in RDW (ΔRDW) and the prognosis following brain tumor craniotomy remains unclear. Accordingly, this study aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of perioperative changes in RDW in patients undergoing brain tumor craniotomy.

Mucin 1 expression is regulated by hsa_circ_0055054/microRNA‑122‑5p and promotes hepatocellular carcinoma development.

The abnormal expression of mucin 1 (MUC1) is a major cause of poor prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Competitive endogenous RNA demonstrates a novel regulatory mechanism that can affect the biological behavior of tumors. In the present study, the regulatory functions of hsa_circ_0055054 as well as those of microRNA (miR/miRNA) 122-5p on MUC1 expression and its role in HCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, were evaluated.