Radical nephroureterectomy vs kidney sparing surgery for upper tract urothelial carcinoma in solitary kidney patients: a multi-institutional analysis of the ROBUUST 2.0 registry.

Purpose: Radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) in solitary kidney patients is a rare and underreported scenario. This study aims to compare the outcomes of UTUC solitary kidney patients becoming anephric after RNU to those of patients undergoing kidney-sparing surgery (KSS).

Methods: Data from patients with a solitary kidney were retrieved from the ROBUUST 2.

Upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma diagnosis effect on life expectancy relative to population-based controls: a retrospective analysis.

Purpose: To exam five-year overall survival (OS) of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) patients versus age- and sex-matched population-based controls.

Methods: Within Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2004-2020), we identified newly diagnosed (2004-2015) UTUC patients. Relying on Social Security Administration Life Tables (2004-2020) age- and sex- matched population-based controls were simulated (Monte Carlo simulation).

Perioperative Complications and In-Hospital Mortality After Radical Prostatectomy in Prostate Cancer Patients with a History of Heart Valve Replacement.

To test for in-hospital mortality and complication rates in a population-based group of patients with vs. without a history of heart valve replacement undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP). Relying on the National Inpatient Sample (2000-2019), prostate cancer patients undergoing RP were stratified according to the presence or absence of heart-valve replacement.

Temporal Trends and Differences in Inpatient Palliative Care Use in Metastatic Penile Cancer Patients.

: To quantify inpatient palliative care use over time and to test whether patient or hospital characteristics represent determinants of inpatient palliative care use in patients with metastatic penile cancer. : Relying on the National Inpatient Sample database (2006-2019), we identified 1017 metastatic penile cancer patients. Estimated annual percentage change analyses and multivariable logistic regression models addressing inpatient palliative care use were fitted.

Does Race/Ethnicity Affect Secondary Bladder and Rectal Cancer Rates After Prostate Cancer Radiation? Results from a Population-Based Study.

Background: It is unknown whether race/ethnicity affects the risk of secondary bladder cancer (BCa) or rectal cancer (RCa) after external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) or brachytherapy (BT) for prostate cancer (PCa).

Materials And Methods: Within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2004-2020), we focused on Caucasians, Hispanics, African Americans (AAs), and Asian/Pacific Islanders (APIs). Cumulative incidence plots and competing risks regression (CRR) models were fitted.

Perioperative outcomes in testicular cancer patients treated with retroperitoneal lymph node dissection.

Objective: No large-scale population-based studies quantified perioperative outcomes in testicular cancer (TC) patients treated with retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND), especially in non-metastatic and metastatic stages. Moreover, no previous studies compared outcomes in centers of excellence (Indiana University School of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and MD Anderson Cancer Center) vs. large-scale population-based databases.

Effect of sex on adverse in-hospital outcomes after radical cystectomy according to urinary diversion type.

Objective: To test for differences in adverse in-hospital outcomes between females vs. males after radical cystectomy (RC) according to specific urinary diversion type (neobladder vs. ileal conduit).

Single bladder instillation of gemcitabine versus mitomycin C after minimally invasive radical nephroureterectomy: A propensity-score match analysis from the ROBUUST 2.0 collaborative group.

Objective: Radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) is considered the standard of care for patients with high-risk upper tract urothelial carcinoma. Current literature reveals a deficit in direct comparative studies evaluating the efficacy of different chemotherapeutic agents administered in single postoperative instillation following RNU. The primary aim of this study was to compare the bladder recurrence (BR) rates between patients receiving a single instillation of mitomycin C (MMC) versus gemcitabine (Gem) after RNU.

Effect of chemotherapy on cancer specific mortality in female locally advanced urethral cancer.

Objective: To quantify the effect of chemotherapy (CHT) in locally advanced female primary urethral cancer (fPUC).

Methods: In the Surveillance, Epidemiology and Ends Results (SEER) database (2000-2021), we identified 295 fPUC patients with locally advanced stage treated with local therapy (surgery or radiation or both) with or without CHT. Multivariable Cox regression models addressed cancer specific mortality free survival (CSM).

Comparison of In-Hospital Outcomes at Robot-Assisted Versus Open Partial Nephrectomy.

Objective: The aim of this work is to quantify the magnitude of improvement in in-hospital outcomes between historical and contemporary robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RPN) versus historical and contemporary open PN (OPN).

Methods: Within the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (2010-2019), we identified patients who underwent RPN and OPN. Multivariable logistic regression models were fit.

Local Tumor Destruction Versus Partial Penectomy for T1a Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Penis.

Background: Local tumor destruction (LTD) represents a relatively novel approach for the management of early-stage squamous cell carcinoma of the penis (SCCP). Its cancer control efficacy has never been tested in large-scale epidemiologic studies. We addressed this knowledge gap and tested for differences in cancer-specific mortality (CSM) between LTD versus partial penectomy (PP) in T1aN0M0 SCCP.

Endoscopic ablation versus nephroureterectomy in localized low-grade upper tract urothelial carcinoma: a comparison in terms of cancer-specific and other-cause mortality.

Purpose: Guidelines recommend endoscopic ablation in select upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) patients. To test for differences in cancer-specific mortality (CSM) and other-cause mortality (OCM) in localized non-invasive low-grade UTUC with tumor size < 2 cm treated with endoscopic ablation vs. radical nephroureterectomy.

Combined neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy versus adjuvant therapy in high-risk upper tract urothelial carcinoma: a propensity matched multicenter analysis (ROBUUST 2.0 International Collaborative Group).

Introduction: The efficacy of combined neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy (CNAT) in upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) remains unclear despite its demonstrated potential in bladder urothelial carcinoma. High-risk features- clinical stage ≥ T3, node-positive disease, multifocality, high-grade pathology, hydronephrosis, and large tumor size - are associated with poor prognosis in UTUC. We investigated the oncological outcomes of CNAT versus adjuvant therapy (AT) alone in high-risk UTUC patients.

Impact of ISUP grade group on cancer-specific mortality in radical prostatectomy-treated prostate cancer patients with organ-confined disease.

Introduction: We aimed to test the impact of International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grade group (GG) on cancer-specific mortality (CSM) in organ-confined (pT2) prostate cancer (PCa) at radical prostatectomy (RP).

Methods: RP organ-confined PCa patients were identified (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results [SEER] 2004-2015). Cancer-specific survival (CSS) rates were tested in Kaplan-Meier plots and multivariable Cox regression (MCR) models according to GG: 1-3 vs.

A pretreatment nomogram to predict muscle-invasiveness in high-risk upper tract urothelial carcinoma (ROBUUST 2.0 collaborative group).

Background: The ability to predict muscle invasion in the final pathology of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) patients after radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) potentially influences the selection of the most appropriate treatment modality. The present study aims to develop a model predicting muscle-invasive status in high-risk UTUC.

Methods: The ROBUUST (RObotic surgery for Upper tract Urothelial cancer - UTUC - STudy) 2.

Robot-Assisted Versus Open Radical Cystectomy: Comparison of Adverse In-Hospital Outcomes.

Purpose: To quantify improvements in adverse in-hospital outcomes between historical and contemporary robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) versus historical and contemporary open RC (ORC).

Material And Methods: Within the National Inpatient Sample (2010-2019), RARC and ORC ileal conduit diversion patients were identified. Multivariable logistic and Poisson regression models were fitted.

The impact of histopathological evaluation at transurethral resection of bladder tumour on survival in radical cystectomy candidates.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of discordant histological diagnoses between transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) and radical cystectomy (RC) on cancer-specific mortality (CSM) in patients with bladder cancer (BCa).

Patients And Methods: We relied on a multi-institutional database collecting data of patients with BCa who underwent TURBT and subsequent RC from nine centres between 2000 and 2023. We tested concordance rates between TURBT and RC in detecting urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder (UCUB) as well as non-UCUB hystological subtypes, using RC as the reference standard.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to radical nephroureterectomy: Survival outcomes and recurrence patterns by pathologic node status.

Purpose: To evaluate survival outcomes and recurrence patterns by pathologic nodal status in upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) prior to radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) and lymph node dissection (LND).

Materials And Methods: Using the international ROBUUST 2.0 database, a retrospective analysis of UTUC patients who underwent robotic/laparoscopic RNU+LND±NAC was performed.

Bladder cuff excision at radical nephroureterectomy improved survival in upper tract urothelial carcinoma.

Objective: To test for survival differences after radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) in pT1-T3N0 upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) patients according to bladder cuff excision (BCE) status.

Methods: Within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2004-2020), we identified RNU patients and documented BCE status. Prior and after propensity score matching (ratio 1:1), cumulative incidence plots and competing risk regression (CRR) models addressed cancer specific mortality (CSM) and other-cause mortality (OCM).

Lymphovascular Invasion Predicts Cancer-specific Mortality in Penile Localized Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Introduction: Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is a predictor of unfavorable stage at presentation in squamous cell carcinoma of the penis (SCCP). However, it is unknown if LVI may also predict cancer-specific mortality (CSM), especially in patients with localized SCCP in whom important differences in the treated natural history may exist. We addressed this knowledge gap in localized (T1b-T2N0M0) SCCP patients treated with penectomy.

Survival Outcomes and Temporal Trends of Non-Surgical Management Vs Radical Cystectomy in Non-Organ-Confined Urothelial Bladder Cancer.

Objective: To investigate whether bimodal therapy (BMT) or trimodal therapy (TMT) differ from radical cystectomy (RC) + perioperative chemotherapy (CT) in cancer control outcomes among patients with non-organ-confined (NOC; T3-4 and/or N1-3) urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder (UCUB).

Methods: Within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2005-2021), rates of BMT vs TMT vs RC + CT use in NOC UCUB patients were tabulated. Nearest-neighbor 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) for age, sex, stage, and race/ethnicity was applied.

ADT with SBRT versus SBRT alone for hormone-sensitive oligorecurrent prostate cancer (RADIOSA): a randomised, open-label, phase 2 clinical trial.

Background: Metastasis-directed therapy by stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) has been shown to improve clinical outcomes in the oligometastatic prostate cancer setting. We aimed to investigate whether short-course androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and SBRT at all oligometastatic sites versus SBRT alone improves clinical progression-free survival in men with metachronous oligorecurrent hormone-sensitive prostate cancer.

Methods: The RADIOSA study was a single-centre, randomised, open-label, controlled phase 2 trial done in the European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.