Epidemiological Surveillance of Intestinal Parasites and Serological Analysis of in Captive Felids From Thailand Zoos.

Wild felids have been in decline, which has been linked to health issues. Parasitic infections, including zoonotic ones, can contribute to the challenges faced regarding wildlife conservation efforts and may pose a risk to human health, particularly for people working at or visiting zoological parks. This study investigated the occurrence of parasitic infections in the Felidae within Thai zoo parks.

Partially purified antigen improved the diagnostic performance of strongyloidiasis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunochromatographic test (ICT).

infection is a neglected tropical disease with a global distribution. Serodiagnosis is a sensitive method, but improving its performance and simplifying into a point-of-care test (POCT) are needed. This study aimed to improve the diagnostic performance of serological tests using partially purified antigen in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and an immunochromatographic test (ICT).

Diagnostic value of urinary and serum IgG antibodies in evaluating drug treatment response in strongyloidiasis assessed by fecal examination and digital droplet PCR.

Detection of Strogyloides-specific IgG antibodies in urine and serum has been used in diagnostic and epidemiological studies on strongyloidiasis. However, the usefulness of these assays in assessing responses to anthelmintic treatment is unclear. Thus, we evaluated the diagnostic performance and temporal profiles of Strongyloides-specific IgG antibodies in a cohort of participants at baseline and post-treatment.

Misclassification of Opisthorchis viverrini and Minute Intestinal Fluke Eggs by Routine Laboratory Staff Using Images from the Kato-Katz Method.

Background: The Kato-Katz method is a commonly used diagnostic tool for helminth infections, particularly in field studies. This method can yield inaccurate results when samples contain eggs that are similar in appearance, such as Minute Intestinal Fluke (MIF) and Opisthorchis viverrini (OV) eggs. The close resemblance of eggs can be problematic and raises the possibility of false diagnoses.

Formalin-fixed stool improves the performance of the Kato-Katz method.

Background And Aim: Parasitic infections are a public health problem worldwide, including in Thailand. An epidemiological survey for helminthiasis based on stool examination uses the Kato-Katz method as recommended by the World Health Organization. Limitations of this method include the need for fresh stool, time requirement, and lack of quality control.

Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in captive mammals at Khon Kaen Zoo, Thailand.

Background And Aim: Captive animals are susceptible to parasitic diseases due to the stress and confinement they experience. In addition, they can serve as reservoirs of zoonotic parasites that have the potential to infect humans. To investigate this possibility, we estimated the prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) parasites in captive mammals at Khon Kaen Zoo, Thailand.

Prevalence of Zoonotic Intestinal Parasites in Meat Goats in Southern Thailand.

Intestinal parasites not only lead to poor goat health and productivity but can also affect human health. We investigated the distribution of zoonotic intestinal parasites among goats in southern Thailand to assess the human health risks. Overall, 561 fecal samples were collected randomly from goats in farms (55) in Songkhla, Satun, Pattalung, Pattani, Yala, and Narathiwat provinces between January 2020 to January 2022.

Reduction of carcinogens in fermented fish (pla-ra and pla-som) by heating.

Background And Aim: The risk factors for cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) are opisthorchiasis and the intake of a combination of nitroso compounds through the consumption of traditionally fermented fish, which is very popular in areas where liver flukes are endemic. The incidence of CCA remains high because this cultural habit of rural people has been altered. Therefore, decreasing nitrate and nitrite concentrations in fermented fish are an alternative approach to reducing the risk of CCA.

Performance of Mini Parasep SF stool concentrator kit, Kato-Katz, and formalin-ethyl acetate concentration methods for diagnosis of opisthorchiasis in Northeast Thailand.

Background: Control and elimination of the liver fluke (Opisthorchis viverrini) is a primary preventive strategy against cholangiocarcinoma in Southeast Asia. A sensitive parasitological diagnostic method is required to facilitate a surveillance and control program. In this study, we evaluated the performance of Mini Parasep SF stool concentrator kit (stool kit) compared with Kato-Katz (KK) and the quantitative formalin-ethyl acetate concentration technique (FECT) for detection of O.

Efficacy of oil combination with leaf and pericarps against canine demodicosis.

Background And Aim: Canine demodicosis is a skin disease that is a major global health problem in dogs. Ivermectin is a drug of choice for treatment, but it may cause toxicity in dogs carrying multidrug resistance mutation-1 gene mutations. Hence, alternative herbal medicines are used instead of the drug, such as oil (YN oil), leaf (WC), and pericarps (MG) extracts.

Genetic diversity and population structure of Haemonchus contortus in goats from Thailand.

Haemonchus contortus is one of the most economically important parasitic nematodes affecting small ruminant livestock worldwide. This study was conducted to elucidate the genetic diversity and population structure of this nematode in Thailand based on mitochondrial DNA markers, the nicotinamide dehydrogenase subunit 4 (nad4) and the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) genes. One hundred and thirty-six adult worms were obtained from 86 abomasa of slaughtered goats from 13 different localities in 5 regions of Thailand.

The first molecular identification of benzimidazole resistance in from goats in Thailand.

Background And Aim: is one of the major trichostrongyloid nematodes affecting small ruminant production worldwide, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. Adult suck the blood from the host abomasum leading to anemia and often death in heavily infected animals. The mainstay of parasitic control is an anthelmintic drug, but long-term drug use may cause drug resistance.

Towards Evidence-based Control of Opisthorchis viverrini.

Transmission of the carcinogenic liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini is ongoing across Southeast Asia. Endemic countries within the region are in different stages of achieving control. However, evidence on which interventions are the most effective for reducing parasite transmission, and the resulting liver cancer, is currently lacking.

Impact of geography and time on genetic clusters of Opisthorchis viverrini identified by microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA analysis.

Infection by the small liver fluke, Opisthorchis viverrini, causes serious public health problems, including cholangiocarcinoma, in Thailand and southeastern Asian countries. Previous studies have reported that O. viverrini represents a species complex with varying levels of genetic differentiation in Thailand and Lao PDR.

Phylogenetic relationships within the Opisthorchis viverrini species complex with specific analysis of O. viverrini sensu lato from Sakon Nakhon, Thailand by mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequencing.

The liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini sensu lato causes serious public-health problems in Northeast Thailand and Southeast Asian countries. A hypothesis has been proposed that O. viverrini represents a species complex with varying levels of genetic differentiation in Thailand and Lao PDR.

Preliminary genetic evidence of two different populations of Opisthorchis viverrini in Lao PDR.

Opisthorchis viverrini is a major public health concern in Southeast Asia. Various reports have suggested that this parasite may represent a species complex, with genetic structure in the region perhaps being dictated by geographical factors and different species of intermediate hosts. We used four microsatellite loci to analyze O.

Comparison of infectivity, metacercarial burden and host mortality induced by Opisthorchis viverrini sensu lato cercariae from Lao PDR compared with Thailand in cyprinid fish, Barbonymus gonionotus.

Background: Previous studies indicate that Opisthorchis viverrini sensu lato (s.l.) is a species complex with strong associations to geographical regions, i.

Seasonal transmission of Opisthorchis viverrini sensu lato and a lecithodendriid trematode species in Bithynia siamensis goniomphalos snails in northeast Thailand.

Seasonal changes play roles in the transmission success of fish-borne zoonotic trematodes (FZT). This study examined the seasonal transmission patterns of Opisthorchis viverrini sensu lato (s.l.