Discovery of a Copy-neutral Loss of Heterozygosity Pattern in Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma With Potential Prognostic Value.

Background/aim: Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (pCCA) is an aggressive bile duct cancer with a poor prognosis (10-40% 5-year survival after resection), that is mostly found in Thailand and has limited prognostic models. Copy neutral loss of heterozygosity (cnLOH) in various cancers affects their progression leading to poorer overall survival. This study aimed to explore cnLOH patterns in individual pCCA patients in order to develop a predictive model for prognostic biomarkers.

Serum peptide biomarkers by MALDI-TOF MS coupled with machine learning for diagnosis and classification of hepato-pancreato-biliary cancers.

This study aimed to investigate the potential of peptide mass fingerprints (PMFs) of the serum peptidome using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), in combination with machine learning algorithms-support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF)-for the diagnosis and classification of hepato-pancreato-biliary (HPB) cancers. Serum samples collected from healthy individuals and patients with various HPB cancers were analyzed to generate PMF profiles. The resulting data were randomly split into training and testing sets.

Large-scale epidemiology of opisthorchiasis in 21 provinces in Thailand based on diagnosis by fecal egg examination and urine antigen assay and analysis of risk factors for infection.

Introduction: Infection with the carcinogenic fish-borne trematode Opisthorchis viverrini, known as opisthorchiasis, is a major cause of biliary cancer (cholangiocarcinoma). Despite decades of disease prevention and control in Thailand, the parasite remains endemic. Here we apply a novel antigen assay for mass screening of opisthorchiasis and compare the prevalence against the conventional examination and analyze risk factors associated with current O.

Endobiliary radiofrequency ablation in recurrence and unresectable Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma.

Background: Palliative biliary stenting is the principal treatment for unresectable perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (pCCA) patients with jaundice. Endobiliary radiofrequency ablation (EBRFA) is a novel treatment used in combination with biliary stenting for CCA, aiming to prolong stent patency and patient survival. However, the evidence regarding its safety and efficacy in perihilar CCA remains limited.

Predicting cisplatin response in cholangiocarcinoma patients using chromosome pattern and related gene expression.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a prevalent bile duct cancer with limited treatment options. Cisplatin-based chemotherapy is a common approach, but response rates vary. Recently, chromosome aberrations have emerged as predictors of chemotherapy response in various malignancies.

Development of ready-to-use microtiter plates for enhanced ELISA detection of Opisthorchis viverrini antigens in urine samples.

A monoclonal antibody against Opisthorchis viverrini antigen (OvAg) immobilization step for OvAg detection in urine samples by ELISA significantly influences the reduction in overall procedural time to conduct the assay. Herein, the monoclonal antibody against OvAg immobilization step was improved using a combining approach between a crosslinking agent, APTES, and a coupling agent EDC-NHS. Results showed that the combining approach method is effective when immobilization of monoclonal antibody is applied for approximately 30 min providing excellent potential for OvAg detection by ELISA.

Metabolomic analysis of bioactive compounds in dill ( L.) extracts.

Background: Dill ( L.) is a functional herb known for its dietary, medicinal, and health-promoting agents, as it enriches antioxidants that help to protect cells from oxidative stress and may reduce the risk of several chronic diseases. The daily consumption of active components from dill, achieved through methods such as tea preparation and incorporation into soups and salads, relies on aqueous extraction techniques.

Mitochondrial genomic alterations in cholangiocarcinoma cell lines.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a diverse collection of malignant tumors that originate in the bile ducts. Mitochondria, the energy converters in eukaryotic cells, contain circular mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) which has a greater mutation rate than nuclear DNA. Heteroplasmic variations in mtDNA may suggest an increased risk of cancer-related mortality, serving as a potential prognostic marker.

Proteomic profiling reveals common and region-specific protein signatures underlying tumor heterogeneity in cholangiocarcinoma.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a neoplasm arising from biliary epithelial cells, is particularly widespread in Southeast Asia, with northeastern Thailand exhibiting the greatest prevalence attributed to Opisthorchis viverrini infection. This malignancy exhibits considerable molecular heterogeneity, leading to therapeutic resistance and recurrence. Comprehending its molecular mechanisms is essential for enhancing diagnostic and treatment approaches.

Characterization and identification of extrachromosomal circular DNA in cholangiocarcinoma.

Extrachromosomal circular DNAs (eccDNAs) have gained attention as key players in cancer heterogeneity, potentially associated with elevated oncogene copy numbers in many cancers. While the presence of eccDNA in both normal and cancer cells is confirmed, its influence on gene-level alterations in cancer cells remains largely unexplored. This study delves into the genomic profiles of eccDNA in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), an aggressive biliary tract cancer with extensive heterogeneity and diverse molecular alterations, using a modified long-read CircleSeq method.

Identification of serum metabolite biomarkers and metabolic reprogramming mechanisms to predict recurrence in cholangiocarcinoma.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) has high recurrence rates that severely limit long-term survival. Effective tools for accurate recurrence monitoring and diagnosis remain lacking. Metabolic reprogramming, a key driver of CCA growth and recurrence, is underutilized in cancer screening and management.

Identifying a unique chromosomal pattern to predict the gemcitabine response in patients with cholangiocarcinoma.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an epithelial bile duct cancer frequently found at an advanced stage, leading to poor response to current therapies. Although gemcitabine (GEM) and cisplatin (CIS) are the current gold-standard for treating unresectable CCA, GEM resistance often occurs. To predict the response to GEM, we evaluated chromosomal aberrations using a chromosome microarray, and their association with GEM response by histoculture drug response assay.

Whole exome sequencing of multi-regions reveals tumor heterogeneity in Opisthorchis viverrini-associated cholangiocarcinoma.

The study examines Opisthorchis viverrini (OV)-related cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a serious malignancy common in Southeast Asia. Through multi-regional whole-exome sequencing of 52 tumor samples and 13 adjacent tissues from 13 patients, significant intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) and inter-patient heterogeneity are shown. Chronic liver fluke infection induces a distinct mutational landscape, with 48-90% of mutations concentrated in each region of the tumor.

Establishment and genomic profiling of cholangiocarcinoma cells with functional characterization.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly lethal hepatobiliary malignancy, with prognosis is influenced by anatomical subtypes and etiological factors. This study successfully established three CCA cell lines: KKU-097, KKU-466, and KKU-610, from the primary tumors of patients in liver fluke-endemic areas. These cells represent the perihilar CCA (pCCA) and intrahepatic CCA (iCCA) subtypes.

The genome sequence of the liver fluke (Poirier, 1886) Stiles & Hassall, 1896.

We present a genome assembly from a specimen of (liver fluke; Platyhelminthes; Trematoda; Opisthorchiida; Opisthorchiidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 627.20 megabases.

Characterization of Patient-derived Xenograft Models of Liver Fluke-associated Cholangiocarcinoma: From Establishment to Molecular Profiling.

Background/aim: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive cancer with limited effective chemotherapy and targeted therapy options. Existing cell lines and animal models only partially mimic the characteristics of the tumor, highlighting the need for more effective models to study the biology of cancer and drug responses. This study aimed to establish and characterize patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of CCA.

Chemical composition and anticancer potential of water extracts derived from ground powder of Thai germinated brown rice ().

Powdered germinated Thai rice () is widely utilised as a dietary supplement to support health and prevent diseases. This study investigated the bioactive compound profile of water extracts from beverage powder made from Thai germinated brown rice (GBRE) and assessed its anticancer effects on cholangiocarcinoma, lung cancer, and liver cancer cell lines. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) revealed 23 metabolites, including amino acids, sugar, phenolic compounds and nitrogenous compounds.

Discovery of novel serum peptide biomarkers for cholangiocarcinoma recurrence through MALDI-TOF MS and LC-MS/MS peptidome analysis.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive cancer originating from bile duct epithelial cells, with a high rate of recurrence following surgical resection. Recurrence is categorized as early linked to aggressive tumor biology than late recurrence. This study aimed to identify novel peptide mass fingerprints (PMFs) and potential biomarker panels in the serum of CCA patients with early and late recurrence using mass spectrometry.

Antioxidative and anticancer effects of Tacca chantrieri extract enhancing cisplatin sensitivity in cholangiocarcinoma cells.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) poses a significant healthcare challenge due to the limited effects of chemotherapeutic drugs. Natural products have gained widespread attention in cancer research according to their promising anti-cancer effects with minimal adverse side effects. This study explored the potential of Tacca chantrieri (TC), a plant rich in bioactive compounds, as a therapeutic agent for CCA.

Antioxidant and longevity inducing properties of coconut water on human dermal fibroblasts.

Coconut water is a popular drink in tropical countries and worldwide due to its delicious taste, easy consumption and nutritionally rich properties. Our study aimed to identify bioactive compounds of coconut varieties and their antioxidant as well as longevity effects in 2 different groups of coconuts. These include the bleeding coconut varieties, which are currently most available in the market, namely the Ban Phaeo and Ratchaburi coconut varieties, and the traditional coconut varieties, including Kon-jib and Sampran coconut varieties.

Mutations in Cholangiocarcinoma: Prevalence, Prognostic Value, and G12/G13 Detection in Cell-Free DNA.

Background/aim: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive hepatobiliary malignancy characterized by genomic heterogeneity. KRAS mutations play a significant role in influencing patient prognosis and guiding therapeutic decision-making. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and prognostic significance of KRAS mutations in CCA, asses the detection of KRAS G12/G13 mutations in plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA), and evaluate the prognostic value of KRAS G12/G13 mutant allele frequency (MAF) in cfDNA in relation to clinicopathological data and patient survival.

Improving postoperative survival in cholangiocarcinoma: development of surgical strategies with a screening program in the epidemic region.

Background: The Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP) has been launched since 2013 to detect early-stage cholangiocarcinoma and reduce the disease death. However, the clinical utility of the CASCAP remains unclear. To compare survival outcomes between two time periods: before and after 2013, when significant changes in treatment strategies were implemented, and to evaluate the efficacy of the ultrasound-based screening program, in an Asian region endemic for cholangiocarcinoma.

Intraductal magnetic resonance imaging of cholangiocarcinoma - a practical possibility.

Intraductal T2 mapping based on a catheter receiver is proposed as a method of visualizing the extent of intraductal and periductal cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Compared to external receivers, internal receivers provide locally enhanced signal-to-noise ratios by virtue of their lower field-of-view for body noise, allowing smaller voxels and higher resolution. However, inherent radial sensitivity variation and segmentation for patient safety both distort image brightness.

Children with Hirschsprung disease exhibited alterations in host-microbial co-metabolism after pull-through operation.

Purpose: This study aims to compare the fecal metabolome in post pull-through HD with and without HAEC patients and healthy young children using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.

Methods: Fresh fecal samples were collected from children under 5 years of age in both post-pull-through HD patients and healthy Thai children. A total of 20 fecal samples were then analyzed using NMR spectroscopy.