Biomarkers, isolation methods, and therapeutic implications of breast cancer stem cells.

Breast cancer metastasis and relapse remain uncontrollable despite significant advancements in early diagnosis and treatment, resulting in increased mortality. Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women worldwide and has become the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) may play significant roles in tumor initiation, maintenance, invasion, relapse, metastasis, and therapy resistance.

Multitrait Root Endophytic Bacillus subtilis BREB 03 Reduce Heterodera avenae Infestation in Barley.

Cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera avenae) significantly hampers barley production by causing stunted growth and yield losses. This study explored the biocontrol potential of multitrait root endophytic bacteria isolated from H. avenae-infested barley roots to suppress nematode infestation.

Hospitals in Some States Under Report Medicaid Discharge Counts in Cost Report Data.

Objective: To investigate discrepancies in Medicaid enrollees' hospital discharges reported in two data sources widely used in health services research: the CMS Hospital Cost Report Information System (HCRIS) and the T-MSIS Analytic Files (TAF).

Study Setting And Design: This is a descriptive study comparing inpatient discharges reported in the two data sets. We included inpatient admissions at general hospitals in 2020-2021.

Exploring the Homeopathic Therapeutic Potential of Acorus calamus: A Multi-center Open-Label Clinical Verification Study.

Clinical verification in homeopathy is a systematic process that aims to validate the therapeutic efficacy of homeopathic medicines. The Central Council for Research in Homoeopathy (CCRH) has been conducting clinical verification studies in lesser known, fragmentarily proved and rare medicines such as through its Clinical Verification Program, thereby expanding the therapeutic utility of these medicines.The primary objective of the study was to assess the change in intensity of presenting symptoms of the participants after administration of the medicine by measuring change in Measure Yourself Medical Outcome Profile-2 (MYMOP-2) profile score.

Involvement of lncRNA in cancer diagnosis and prognosis and clinical implications.

Long non-coding ribonucleic acids (lncRNAs) form a subclass of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), they are quite long and as their name non-coding suggests they do not have a role in protein coding. lncRNAs are vital in all the key steps of tumorigenesis, such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cancer stem cells formation, invasion, migration, and formation of the tumor vasculature. lncRNAs are classified into oncogenic or anti-tumor lncRNAs based on their functions.

Factors affecting career-related decisions within the contemporary pharmacy workforce in Australia.

Introduction: Pharmacists are essential to healthcare delivery in Australia, making effective workforce planning critical to ensure equitable health outcomes. This study explores factors influencing the career decisions of Australian pharmacists from diverse demographic and geographical backgrounds with implications for recruitment, retention and policy strategies to address workforce shortages.

Method: We conducted semi-structured interviews between November 2022-February 2024.

CuFeO-catalyzed one-pot synthesis of α-substituted 2-benzofuranmethamines tandem A coupling, 5--dig cyclization, and 1,3-allylic rearrangement.

A one-pot strategy was developed for the synthesis of α-substituted 2-benzofuranmethamines from salicylaldehydes, phenylacetylenes, and cyclic secondary amines using CuFeO as a bifunctional catalyst. The reaction proceeds at 80 °C in 1,4-dioxane using CsCO as a base, enabling sequential A-coupling, 5--dig cyclization, and 1,3-allylic rearrangement in a single operation. Unlike previous methods, this protocol employs non-precious metal catalysts and mild reagents, operates under moderate conditions, and provides direct access to α-substituted 2-benzofuranmethamines in good yields (80-96%) with broad substrate compatibility.

Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Early Childhood Chronic Kidney Disease: Evidence from a Case-control Study.

Background: Children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at risk of inferior neurocognitive outcomes. As the brain develops rapidly during the early years of life, we wanted to find out the impact of CKD on neurocognition when it occurs during this time and any disease-associated risk factors.

Methods: A cross-sectional case-control study was conducted in the Paediatric Nephrology Clinic, PGIMER, Chandigarh.

Metal-free synthesis of tricyclic benzofuro[2,3-]pyridin-3-ol derivatives, characterization, and photoluminescence properties.

This paper presents a metal-free synthetic protocol for assembling novel benzofuro[2,3-]pyridin-3-ols (BFPYOLs) using 2,3-disubstituted benzofuran derivatives with good yield. The method's advantages include the absence of an expensive metal catalyst, organic ligands, and easily accessible starting materials. The photophysical properties of the synthesized BFPYOLs are investigated, revealing that the largest is displayed by compound 7g at 389 nm, while the largest is observed in compound 7i at 494 nm in DMSO solvent.

Deciphering Bone Microarchitecture in Diabetic Charcot Neuroarthropathy of Foot: A Case Control Study.

Introduction: Charcot neuroarthropathy (CNO) of foot characterised by an increased bone turnover denoted by serological markers of bone resorption. However, histological characteristics of foot bones in people with CNO are not well elucidated.

Methods: The foot bone samples were collected from patients who had either surgical reconstruction or below-knee amputations for chronic CNO foot ( = 10, Group A), unsalvageable diabetic foot ulcer ( = 16, Group B), and non-diabetic healthy controls following road traffic accident ( = 16, group C).

Nurse-Led Quality Improvement Initiative to Reduce Medication Errors in Pediatric ICU.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a context-specific, nurse-driven medication errors bundle in reducing the incidence of medication errors (MEs) by ≥ 50% in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).

Methods: We conducted a prospective, before-and-after quality improvement study, between February and November 2023, in a 15-bedded multidisciplinary PICU of a tertiary public hospital in northern India. Prescriptions advised to children hospitalized during the study period were analyzed.

First-line pembrolizumab for metastatic NSCLC in lower-middle-income countries: bridging the efficacy-effectiveness gap.

Introduction: Pembrolizumab is a standard first-line therapy for advanced/metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (a/mNSCLC) lacking actionable mutations. Data from lower-middle-income countries (LMICs) remain scarce.

Methods: From January 2019 to June 2024, we prospectively analyzed 78 a/mNSCLC patients receiving pembrolizumab-based first-line therapy.

A Scoping Review of Parenting Interventions with a Dual Focus on Improving Child Emotional and Physical Health.

. Children's emotional and physical health are inextricably linked, as evidenced by the numerous shared health determinants known to impact each of these domains (e.g.

Cannabis Use Characteristics and Reasons for Product Choices Among Patients Accessing Treatment for Substance Use Disorders: A Mixed-Methods Study.

Objective: The diversity and potency of cannabis products have increased in recent years, underscoring the importance of understanding which products are being used and why. Patients with substance use disorders (SUDs) use have a high prevalence of risky cannabis use, making it especially important to understand use patterns in this group. We aimed to first describe cannabis product characteristics and then explore reasons for choosing products in our sample.

Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate in Diagnosing Mild Autonomous Cortisol Secretion and Adrenal Insufficiency.

Context: Data on diagnostic accuracy of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) for mild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS) and adrenal insufficiency (AI) are discrepant.

Objective: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies assessing the accuracy of DHEA-S in diagnosing MACS or AI.

Methods: From inception to January 8, 2024, we searched databases for original studies of at least 20 participants with MACS or AI.

Toxoplasmic ventriculitis with obstructive hydrocephalus in patient with AIDS: Case report with review of literature.

Toxoplasmosis is a common opportunistic infection in immunocompromised patients. Cerebral toxoplasmosis can be the initial manifestation of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). We report a case diagnosed at autopsy as the primary presentation of an undiagnosed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patient.

Advancements in Chitosan and Cellulose Nanoparticles for Stem Cell-Based Tissue Engineering.

Stem cell-based tissue engineering offers transformative solutions for regenerating damaged tissues, such as bone, cartilage, and neural tissues. Chitosan and cellulose nanoparticles have emerged as promising biomaterials for enhancing stem cell delivery and scaffold performance due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and tunable properties. Chitosan, with its antimicrobial and bioadhesive properties, supports stem cell adhesion and differentiation in soft tissue scaffolds.

Solution processed Ti3C2 MXene nanosheets as resistive switching layers in flexible RRAM devices for sustainable electronics.

Due to their exceptional chemical stability and tunable chemical properties particularly the interlayer bonding, MXenes have emerged as promising switching layers in RRAM devices. This work presents the synthesis of nanosheets of a widely explored MXene (Ti3C2), and its application for demonstrating high performance flexible RRAM devices through solution processing, which is rarely demonstrated till date. The structural and morphological properties of Ti3C2 nanosheets were comprehensively investigated using various characterization techniques.

Mycobacterial MutT1-mediated dephosphorylation of the sensor histidine kinases reveals a new link in the regulation of the two-component signaling.

Bacterial pathogens such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis majorly rely on two-component signaling (TCS) systems to sense and generate adaptive responses to the dynamic and stressful host environment. TCS comprises a sensor histidine kinase (SHK) that perceives the environmental signal and a response regulator (RR) that modulates the target gene expression. TCS occurs via a phosphotransfer event from SHK to RR.

Differentiating Autonomic Denervation Dermatitis From Post-traumatic Eczema: A Case Series of Localized Eczematous Eruptions.

Autonomic denervation dermatitis is a newly introduced term that describes the occurrence of a scaly eczematous lesion at the site of incision of a previous surgery. The time lag between the incision and the occurrence of the eczematous lesion varies greatly, ranging from months to years. Autonomic denervation dermatitis, by definition, can occur at any site of previous surgery; however, a few sites are specially named, like surgery of the knee, injury to the infrapatellar branch of the saphenous nerve, and traumatic eczematous dermatitis (SKINTED) occurring after total knee arthroplasty.

A Simplified Working Classification for Planning and Management of Facial Fractures.

Facial fractures are commonly encountered by plastic and maxillofacial surgeons. Although very diversified in nature, their treatment planning requires a thorough knowledge of the facial anatomy and advanced treatment modalities. With the advent of three-dimensional computed tomography, it has become a lot easier to diagnose and treat them accordingly.

Elevated Toxic Element Emissions from Popular Disposable E‑Cigarettes: Sources, Life Cycle, and Health Risks.

The rapidly evolving market of disposable e-cigarettes poses unknown health risks to adolescents and young adults. We report excessive emissions of toxic metallic elements in aerosols from flavored and "clear" versions of three popular products (Esco Bar, Flum Pebble, and ELF Bar), orders of magnitude higher in concentration than traditional cigarettes and other e-cigarettes. Heating coil elements (chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni)) likely leached into e-liquids and aerosols from coil degradation during use, increasing up to 1000-fold in concentration over the device life.

Crystallographic Fragment Screening of the Dengue Virus Polymerase Reveals Multiple Binding Sites for the Development of Non-nucleoside Antiflavivirals.

Dengue viruses (DENVs) infect approximately 400 million people each year, and currently, there are no effective therapeutics available. To explore potential starting points for antiviral drug development, we conducted a large-scale crystallographic fragment screen targeting the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) domain of the nonstructural protein 5 (NS5) from DENV serotype 2. Our screening, which involved 1108 fragments, identified 60 hit compounds across various known binding sites, including the active site, N pocket, and RNA tunnel.

Machine learning based approach for surface roughness prediction in precision dental prototyping.

Complex geometries achievable with resin-based 3D printing are susceptible to lower levels of surface roughness, particularly in areas where support structures are attached and removed. The slicing parameter serves as the cornerstone for developing a model for predicting the corresponding output. In the present research, a resin 3D printer is used to fabricate the specimens in accordance with the combination of important parameters that were recovered utilizing the design of the experiment (DoE).

Eprosartan alleviates the traumatic brain injury-induced multi-organ dysfunction syndrome in mice via ATR/SNS/HMGB1 blockade and PDL-1 modulation.

Traumatic brain injury is not constrained only to the brain but delayed secondary events disturb the end organ functioning via intense response of three homeostatic mechanisms such as sympathetic activity, inflammation, and immunosuppression. Current study involved weight drop model to induce TBI in Swiss albino mice. Eprosartan was administered orally after 30-45 min post injury to mice in 0.