CuFeO-catalyzed one-pot synthesis of α-substituted 2-benzofuranmethamines tandem A coupling, 5--dig cyclization, and 1,3-allylic rearrangement.

A one-pot strategy was developed for the synthesis of α-substituted 2-benzofuranmethamines from salicylaldehydes, phenylacetylenes, and cyclic secondary amines using CuFeO as a bifunctional catalyst. The reaction proceeds at 80 °C in 1,4-dioxane using CsCO as a base, enabling sequential A-coupling, 5--dig cyclization, and 1,3-allylic rearrangement in a single operation. Unlike previous methods, this protocol employs non-precious metal catalysts and mild reagents, operates under moderate conditions, and provides direct access to α-substituted 2-benzofuranmethamines in good yields (80-96%) with broad substrate compatibility.

Development of 1,2,3-Triazoles as Dual Enzyme Inhibitors Targeting α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase for Type 2 Diabetes Intervention.

A series of fifteen 1,2,3-triazole derivatives 6(a-o) were developed and evaluated for their inhibitory effects on carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes implicated in Type 2 diabetes management. The compounds were assessed through in silico studies (including molecular docking and ADME predictions) and in vitro assays such as α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and antioxidant activities. Notably, the compounds 6a, 6d, 6g, 6h, 6k, 6l, and 6n exhibited dual inhibition against both enzymes.

Prevalence of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms Among Parents of Hospitalized Children in 14 Countries.

: Despite the importance of parent mental health for child health, there are no global prevalence data on parental mental health symptoms when children are hospitalized. We aimed to describe depression and anxiety symptom prevalence and associated factors among parents of hospitalized children. : We conducted this 14-country prospective cohort survey with parents/primary caregivers staying at a nearby Ronald McDonald House during their child's hospital treatment.

Structural, elastic, and morphological studies of Musa sapientum and Colocasia esculenta natural fibres for sustainable bio-based applications.

This research is focused on promoting the adoption of biodegradable and agricultural waste materials such as Musa and Colocasia fibres, exploring their microstructural and elasto-mechanical characteristics. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and computational methods confirmed cellulose structure and provide a detailed structural analysis. Electron density maps, representing the distribution of electrons in 2D and 3D, offer insights into electron distribution along different planes.

Role of Stem Cells on Neuropathic Pain Recovery in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review.

Stem cell transplantation has shown promise in providing pain relief for patients with chronic SCI by releasing transforming growth factor β (TGF-β). This systematic review aims to evaluate stem cell's effectiveness in recovering neuropathic pain in patients with spinal cord injury. The study followed the PRISMA guidelines and included patients with chronic spinal cord injury who received stem cells compared with a control group.

Design and control of LCC DVR.

Providing quality power without any voltage fluctuations is the responsibility of any utility. Among the series active voltage compensators, Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) is the most preferred in an electrical power distribution network. Three-phase unbalance sag as well as balanced voltage sag/swell can be effectively compensated using a DVR.

Prediction of metastatic potential of heterogeneous pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma through gradient-based algorithms.

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma carries a dismal prognosis, with five-year survival below 10 % due to late presentation, aggressive nature, and profound intratumor heterogeneity. Existing prognostic models fail to account for the dynamic interplay between subclonal evolution and the tumor microenvironment, limiting their clinical utility for risk stratification and therapy guidance.

Methods: An in silico, multiscale framework was developed, combining an agent-based model of subclone proliferation, migration, quiescence, and apoptosis with continuum reaction-diffusion equations for oxygen, nutrients, extracellular matrix, and chemoattractants.

Complexity of antibiotic resistance and its impact on gut microbiota dynamics.

The present review explores the influence of the gut microbiota on antibiotic resistance dynamics, particularly those associated with dysbiosis. The improper use of antibiotics can induce resistance in pathogens through various pathways, which is a topic of increasing interest within the scientific community. This review highlights the importance of microbial diversity, gut metabolism, and inflammatory responses against the dysbiosis due to the action of antibiotics.

Treatment outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy-hyaloidotomy-zonulectomy-iridectomy in malignant glaucoma in a tertiary eye care center in South India.

Purpose: To report the clinical profile and treatment outcomes of malignant glaucoma and the efficacy of pars plana vitrectomy-hyaloidotomy-zonulectomy and iridectomy in Indian eyes.

Design: Retrospective observational study.

Methods: The study was a retrospective chart review.

Power conversion efficiency and its comparison of D-π-A and D-D-π-A structured photo-sensitizers.

In this article as an extension of our prior research investigations, we discuss and compare the properties of indole-based D-π-A and D-D-π-A structured dyes and their photovoltaic performances. The photophysical aspects and electrochemical attributes of the previously reported D-π-A and D-D-π-A structured indole dyes were examined to figure out the thermodynamic feasibility of the dyes to perform as photosensitizers. Furthermore, these dyes were used to fabricate dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and their photovoltaic activity was assessed.

Prospective Comparative Study Between Subarachnoid Chloroprocaine and General Anesthesia for Short Daycare Surgeries.

Introduction: Daycare surgeries are increasingly possible due to advancements in anesthetic techniques, the availability of newer drugs, and newer surgical techniques. The anesthetic technique has to be modified and titrated to a level so as to provide optimal anesthesia with minimal side effects that will enable the patients to resume their daily activities. General anesthesia and newer airway adjuncts have completely changed non-invasive airway management in daycare surgeries.

Investigation of the structural, dielectric and elasto-mechanical properties of tamarind, coir, and mesta fibres.

This study investigates the potential of few natural fibres such as Tamarind, Coir, and Mesta as sustainable alternatives to synthetic fibres. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and dielectric analysis were employed to evaluate their elasto-mechanical and dielectric properties. Rietveld refinement provided detailed insights into the crystal structures, revealing distinct polysaccharide, lignin, cellulose, and lignocellulosic components in Tamarind, Coir, and Mesta fibres.

Spiro thiochromene-oxindoles as novel anti-inflammatory agents: design, sustainable synthesis, and evaluations.

A one-pot, acid-, base-, and metal-free, multicomponent strategy has been developed to synthesize spiro thiochromene-oxindole derivatives as potential anti-inflammatory agents. The synthesized compounds were screened for their anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting heat-induced Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) denaturation assay, revealing moderate to good efficacy. Compounds 4e, 4k, and 4h exhibited the highest activity, inhibiting BSA denaturation by 90.

Structural, morphological, mechanical, and electrical studies of N. nucifera fibres.

The Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) data of Nelumbo Nucifera fibre is utilized to study multifaceted properties. Rietveld refinement was carried out along with cellulose phase. The crystallite size was computed using the Scherrer equation, and through first principle calculations, it has been illustrated and concluded that the size is not ellipsoidal, as previously suggested by other researchers; rather, it exhibits a multidimensional shape.

Effects of environmental factors on host-parasite interaction patterns in backyard-tethered goats of Kerala, India.

The environment is the most important stratum in the epidemiological triad of a parasitic disease and any variations in the environmental factors may decide the dynamic occurrence and existence of different lifecycle stages of these parasites. The present study investigated the correlations between key biometeorological and demographical parameters with the incidence of different gastrointestinal parasites and hemoparasites among goats. Four hundred and thirty-two goats were screened for parasitic infection in a yearlong survey conducted from July 2022 to June 2023 in the Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, Mannuthy, Kerala, India.

Novel A-π-D-A organic dyes for better photovoltaic performance.

In this article, we report two indole-based metal-free organic dyes In-T-2C (3-(5-(3-((2-carboxy-2-cyanovinyl)-1-pentyl-1-indol-5-yl)thiophen-2-yl)-2-isocyanoacrylic acid) and In-B-C (2-cyano-3-(5-(4-cyanophenyl)-1-pentyl-1-indol-3-yl)acrylic acid) with A-π-D-A architecture. The molecular structures of metal-free indole-based A-π-D-A organic dyes were elucidated using FT-IR, NMR, HRMS and single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. The present investigation examined the features of the synthesized dyes employing photophysical attributes, electrochemical traits and theoretical studies were executed to acquire a detailed comprehension of the geometry, electronic structure and absorption spectra of the synthesized dyes using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT).

Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Waitlisted Preoperative General Surgical Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital in India - Problems and Probable Solutions: an Observational Study.

Introduction: Among patients affected by Covid-19, a large subset included those who were on preoperative general surgical waiting list for elective operations. There are very few studies on the various factors that impacted these patients during the pandemic in India. The current study aimed to analyse the factors which hampered the surgical management of such patients and to suggest implementable solutions which can mitigate those factors in future pandemics.

suppresses the symptoms produced by by inhibiting its replication and manipulating chlorophyll and carotenoid biosynthesis and degradation in banana.

Unlabelled: (BBrMV) infection results in characteristic reddish streaks on pseudostem and chlorotic spindle lesions on leaves leading to traveler's palm appearance and complete crop loss depending on the stage of infection in banana plants. Here, we discuss the influence of colonization (a beneficial fungal root endophyte) on BBrMV infection, specific viral component genes responsible for symptom development, chlorophyll and carotenoid biosynthesis, and degradation in BBrMV-infected banana plants. colonization significantly and substantially reduced the severity of Banana bract mosaic disease (BBrMD) in addition to increased growth, development and yield of banana plants.

Dynamic Structural Evolution and Dual Emission Behavior in Hybrid Organic Lead Bromide Perovskites.

The optoelectronic properties of organic lead halide perovskites (OLHPs) strongly depend on their underlying crystal symmetry and dynamics. Here, we exploit temperature-dependent synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction and temperature-dependent photoluminescence to investigate how the subtle structural changes happening in the pure and mixed A-site cation MAFAPbBr ( = 0, 0.5, and 1) systems influences their optoelectronic properties.

Thiourea as Bifunctional Hydrogen Bond Donor and Brønsted Base Catalyst for Green One-Pot Synthesis of 2-Aryl/Heteroaryl/Styryl Benzothiazoles in the Aqueous Medium under Ultrasound Irradiation.

A green organocatalysis cascade strategy using thiourea in catalytic amounts as both a hydrogen bond donor and a Brønsted base bifunctional catalyst was utilized to synthesize a series of 2-aryl/heteroaryl/styryl benzothiazole derivatives. This strategy involved an ultrasound-irradiated one-pot two-component reaction between substituted aldehydes and 2-amino thiophenols in an aqueous medium at 60 °C, using air as an oxidant. At the gram-scale, this protocol yielded 87% of the desired product, making it suitable for production at a larger scale.

Consensus Statement of the IAP - Neurodevelopmental Chapter On Neurodevelopmental Disorders Habilitation Process: Strategic Plan for Prevention, Early Detection and Early Intervention.

Justification: Neurodevelopmental disorders, as per DSM-V, are described as a group of conditions with onset in the development period of childhood. There is a need to distinguish the process of habilitation and rehabilitation, especially in a developing country like India, and define the roles of all stakeholders to reduce the burden of neurodevelopmental disorders.

Process: Subject experts and members of Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP) Chapter of Neurodevelopmental Pediatrics, who reviewed the literature on the topic, developed key questions and prepared the first draft on guidelines.